Regional planning and Geopolitics

Transcription

1 Presentation May, 14th 2013 La Jonquera Regional planning and Geopolitics The example of French/Spanish border Adenane DJIGO Phd Student, 2 nd year Urban Planning / Regional Planning Directors of research: GIBAND D. & CASTANER M.

2 Presentation in three main points THREE LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE SCALES: Europ, FR / SP / Regions, Local THREE AREAS OF COOPERATION Transports, Institutionnal, Fire THREE PROJECTS Birth, Growth, Representations (Locations) and conflicts 1

3 The Fr/Sp Border with two examples 9

4 The Fr/Sp Border with two examples Source: Google maps 9

5 THREE LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE E.U: History, Regional Planning Strategies, Transborder Policy FR/SP & Regions: Administrative differences, The Basque & Catalan Specificities, The CTP Local: Geographic and economic Datas (LR, CAT, PO, Gi),

6 Brief history: - Twinnings (jumelages), cultural proximity: some areas used to cooperate - «Cohesion policy» or Regional policy as a tool to avoid regional disparities - Territorial cooperation: based and financed by this policy European planning strategies (SDEC & others) - E.U does not have any competence about regional planning - Since 80 s: «institutionnal» support European Union and Transborder policies - Convention on Cooperation between Territorial Communities or Authorities, Council of Europ, Torremolinos Charter (1983): by European s regional planning Ministers - The Single European Act (1986) - Europe 20, Development prospects of the Community (1991) - Europe 20 + Cooperation for European Spatial Planning (1994) - European Charter of border regions, New Version, 24 Regional programm (INTERREG): financial support P.I.M INTERREG I INTERREG II INTERREG III POCTEFA???

7 States and Regions in the Pyrenees Border Administrative differences between FR and Spain: Centralisation / Adm. Decentralisation Monarchy and Autonomies (Regions) The Basque & Catalan Specificities: - Own Languages - Are part of communities that have "large" competences (skills) - With separatist tendancies sometimes The «CTP»: - Interegional organism of cooperation - Created in 1983 between 8 regions - Above all environnement themes - Sensibilisation, cartographic database

8 The Local Scale Geographic and economic datas (LR, CAT, PO, Gi): Gi P.O CAT L.R millions 2,5 millions - Disparities between N & S - Disparties between W & E

9 THREE AREAS OF COOPERATION Transports: The Pyrenees as a barrier, little cross-border flows, intersections and «cul de sac» Institutionnal: Differents systems of Planning, an emergent transfrontier governance, E.U & States upstream Fire: Fire knows no border, Intervention systems in North & South

10 The Pyrenees as a physical barrier: Transport infrastructures and border displacements Little crow border flows and differences between East and West: Crossroads with logistic poles and «cul de sac» (Peripherisation) - «Possible» Competition between St Charles and Vilamalla - National peripherisation for Perpignan & Regional for Girona

11 The institutionnal cooperation Differents sytems of planning: institutionnal & regulatory Les documents de planification en France Les documents de planification de la Catalogne Etat DTA + Lois Montagne & Littoral Impose ses orientations Syndicat Mixte SCOT (PdR & LS) Impose ses orientations PDU à l échelle de l AOT SCOT ou EPCI? (Grenelle II) Catalonia «Great regions» EPCI PLH Impose ses orientations Issue areas: urban areas, sensitive areas Communes PLU / POS / Carte communale Réalisation: DJIGO A. Source: Camil Cofan i Amiel / Planas G. 27

12 The institutionnal cooperation An emergent transfrontier governance: - Possibilities: Consortio, Associations, LGCT, EGTC (Hospital Project) - Mobilization with local actors especially with POCTEFA - Phase of inrconnaissance rather ended with POCTEFA (with Interreg II or III on others borders), - It lacks territorial projects built on sustainability E.U and States upstream : - Agreements of Karlsruhe, 1996 (FR / LUX / GER /SWIT) - Treaty of Bayonne, 1995 (FR / SP) - Creation of EGTC, 26 (E.U) - Europe 2020

13 Cooperation to fight fire Fire knows no border: Example of Massif des Alberes - Recurrent in Mediterranean areas Interventions systems in North and South of the border: - Differences of legislation and planification - Difference of indicators: risk, alert

14 THREE PROJECTS The TGV BCL/FR: The Trans-European Transport Networks, Birth & growth of the project, issues. The Catalan Eurodistrict: Examples of EGCT, Birth and growth of ECT, representations The PRINCALB Project: Birth, growth and limits

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16 The Trans-European Transports Network: - Programm coordinated by European Council and Parliament - Develop insfrastructure of transport and their intermodality - Firts orientations adopted in Issues: it determines priority projects that can be financed at 20% Birth and growth of the TGV line: - Project born with the Euroregion between CAT, LR & MP The «TGV» from Barcelona to France - Should be finished for the Olympic Games of Barcelona (1992) - Polical agreements and technical feasabilty: project delivered in 2013 Differents representations and expectations - Line done between Perpi & BCL - But no connexion yet between Perpi to MTP - In the P.O: perception of a big project, with new station that sould change the city; more proximity with «Catalogne du Sud» - In Catalonia, one project inside the general insfrastructure s strategie to connect North of Europ

17 The Catalan Eurodistrict Examples of EGTC: - Euroregion Pyrenees Med What would be an effective Catalan Eurodistrict? - Functionnal and coordinated territory - of 1.1 millions d inhabitants Political conflits in the transborder field: - CG (leader of ECT project) Vs PMCA (Urban cooperation) - Political opposition between Left and Right - CAT: less conflicts - More coordination between regional and local actors - FR / SP: The EGTC was not totally validated

18 The PRINCALB Project What is PRINCALB? - Project between CG PO & Generalitat - Goal: development of a cross-border plan of fire protection / establishment of cross-border facilities - Duration: 29 / Total cost of 1,213,0 euros The limits of this project: - Limited time - The prevention is still differentiated by the border - Despite some agreements, cooperation is still not automatic in case of fire - More sustainability beyond EU programs

19 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION Presentation May, 14th 2013 La Jonquera Political planning and Geopolitics The example of French/Spanish border