SustainBaltic FOUR FINALISED ICZM PLANS

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1 SustainBaltic FOUR FINALISED ICZM PLANS

2 1. The case characteristics / each ICZM site

3 DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN SATAKUNTA S COASTAL ZONE PERSPECTIVE OF LAND USE PLANNING SustainBaltic (CB354)

The planning area covers the shoreline and the coastal waters within Satakunta region between

Clean waters of the Bothnian Sea, large marine protected areas (Bothnian Sea National Park etc.

development Satakunta is the most developed shoreline in Finland and over 60% shoreline has

High construction rate along the shoreline limits the potential for coastal recreation and

4 The planning area covers the shoreline and the coastal waters within Satakunta region between Merikarvia and Rauma. Clean waters of the Bothnian Sea, large marine protected areas (Bothnian Sea National Park etc.) and diverse cultural history create significant potential for recreation and tourism development Satakunta is the most developed shoreline in Finland and over 60% shoreline has already been built. High construction rate along the shoreline limits the potential for coastal recreation and tourism development Coastal zone of the Bothnian Sea is determined as an important development area for nature tourism in Satakunta regional plan. No specific guidelines for consideration of this notation are however given Pictures: Satakuntaliitto, Tomi Glad

5 Challenges of seasonality, multifunctionality and community cooperation Tarmo Pikner Anu Printsmann Maila Kuusik Janar Raet google.ee/maps

6 LÄÄNE-VIRU CASE AREA Case area 457 km 2 : 93 km shoreline (63% till, 20% sand, 17% silt) 78% forested 47% nature protection 32% state-owned land + sea 23% military-defence areas

7 Seasonality: Recreation Historical resort area Multifunctionality: Mobility Small harbours Community cooperation: Cultural heritage based entrepreneurship

8 Integrating the ecosystem services of the Kokemäenjoki river valley into land use planning SUSTAINBALTIC ( CB354)

Kokemäenjoki: case area Kokemäenjoki is the longest river in the southwestern Finland and it discharges to the Bothnian Sea Case area is characterized by fine-grained river plains, which have

Kokemäenjoki river valley holds significant environmental, cultural and economic values, which are related to the nutrient-rich riparian habitats, the long history of human development in the

9 Kokemäenjoki: case area Kokemäenjoki is the longest river in the southwestern Finland and it discharges to the Bothnian Sea Case area is characterized by fine-grained river plains, which have been used for agriculture from early 17 th century. Forests and natural wetlands focus in the upper parts of the river valley. Kokemäenjoki river valley holds significant environmental, cultural and economic values, which are related to the nutrient-rich riparian habitats, the long history of human development in the river valley and different human activities associated to the waterway. Water quality of Kokemäenjoki river has a significant effect also on the coastal waters of the Bothnian Sea, which emphasizes the need for integrated management of terrestrial and marine areas

10 LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA ICZM plan for Läänemaa test area From Periphery to Valued Recreation Area Anne Kull, Maaria Semm, Pille Tomson Estonian University of Life Sciences

400 people; Long sandy beaches, recreation potential; Ports are the local centers; Big wetlands,

11 LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA Läänemaa case area From Hara peninsula to Ristinina peninsula, 48 km. Total area (marine and coastal zone): 218 km 2 ; Case area population is approx. 400 people; Long sandy beaches, recreation potential; Ports are the local centers; Big wetlands, many protected areas; Heritage of Coastal Swedes.

12 2. The approach used for the ICZM preparation / each ICZM site

The coastal and marine tourism is one of the sectors where the economic growth is

Tourism is however based on networks of small to medium-sized entreprises that

sustainable utilization of natural and cultural values, but also 2) on the

Tourism development requires the integrated management of both natural and cultural

13 The coastal and marine tourism is one of the sectors where the economic growth is sought in Satakunta in There are no major tourism centers in Satakunta. Tourism is however based on networks of small to medium-sized entreprises that collaborate with regional actors Tourism development in Satakunta relies 1) on the sustainable utilization of natural and cultural values, but also 2) on the functional servicescapes related e.g. to accommodation, traffic and nutrition. Tourism development requires the integrated management of both natural and cultural values and different human activities that can affect the attractiveness of the region as a tourist destination

LÄÄNE-VIRU CASE AREA Lääne-Viru approach Strengths:

meetings Early collaboration with interest groups

document analysis Expert interviews GIS analysis Fieldwork

meetings PP-GIS Maptionnaire SEA TRANSPORT, HARBOURS,

ACCESSIBILITY TO COAST AND MOBILITY SUSTAINABLE USE OF

14 LÄÄNE-VIRU CASE AREA Lääne-Viru approach Strengths: Regional management group Nothing replaces eye-to-eye meetings Early collaboration with interest groups Involvement of local municipal community manager Desktop document analysis Expert interviews GIS analysis Fieldwork Focus group interviews Interviews with stakeholders Public meetings PP-GIS Maptionnaire SEA TRANSPORT, HARBOURS, DEVELOPMENT OF SEA TOURISM Improving of the ICZM plan ACCESSIBILITY TO COAST AND MOBILITY SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURE RESOURCES VITALITY OF COASTAL VILLAGES, TRADITIONS, INCREASE OF PERMANENT RESIDENTS

Kokemäenjoki: need for integrated management MSP Directive emphasizes the need for ecosystem-based approaches in planning

watersheds in Finland is conducted under various statutory processes, whose methods and objectives are not fully compatible

The ecosystem approach is a framework that integrates different values and ecosystem services in a comprehensive way to the

15 Kokemäenjoki: need for integrated management MSP Directive emphasizes the need for ecosystem-based approaches in planning and the consideration of land-sea interactions to enhance sustainable use of the marine areas Management of the coastal watersheds in Finland is conducted under various statutory processes, whose methods and objectives are not fully compatible with each other. The ecosystem approach is a framework that integrates different values and ecosystem services in a comprehensive way to the planning process. There is no binding legislation that would oblige the planners to consider ecosystem services into the planning process. This is also one reason, why the concept is not regularly used in the practical planning in Finland

LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA Läänemaa approach used EU recommendations on the maritime spatial planning; EU recommendations on the integrated coastal zone management; Marine spatial planning methodology;

16 LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA Läänemaa approach used EU recommendations on the maritime spatial planning; EU recommendations on the integrated coastal zone management; Marine spatial planning methodology; Helcom recommendations; The development perspectives are in planned in the space (zonation); Bases on natural preconditions; Involvement of local community and cooperation; Integrated land-sea handling; Communication with interest groups; Public meetings; Map application for participatory GIS.

17 3. The results / each ICZM site

Created a region-wide analysis on the structure of coastal and marine tourism in Satakunta Identified features of the shoreline that local people and tourists consider valuable using regular and

18 Created a region-wide analysis on the structure of coastal and marine tourism in Satakunta Identified features of the shoreline that local people and tourists consider valuable using regular and map-based questionnaires Identified potential conflicts between tourism development and other human activities using conservational values and current/proposed human activities Defined the strategic objectives, with which the tourism prerequisites can be incorporated to land use planning and regional development

Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. The preconditions for the development of coastal and maritime tourism in Satakunta 3. The natural and cultural values of Satakunta s coastal zone 4.

19 Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. The preconditions for the development of coastal and maritime tourism in Satakunta 3. The natural and cultural values of Satakunta s coastal zone 4. Human activity in Satakunta s coastal zone 5. The regional structure of tourism in Satakunta s coastal zone 6. The reconciliation needs regarding land use and the challenges pertaining to blue growth 7. The development goals of coastal and maritime tourism in Satakunta 8. The implementation and monitoring of the plan Background information and reference material (only in Finnish): 1. Leikola N., Kiviluoto S., Nurmi M., Syrjänen K., Kostamo K., Mononen L. & Vihervaara P. 2018: Työraportti SustainBaltic hankkeen vaiheesta A.T1.1 Integrating obtainable environmental and human activity data into planning processes by GIS analysis tools. Suomen Ympäristökeskus SYKE. 40 s. 2. Nordström P., Fagerholm N., Puttonen I., Ijäs A., Savola A. & Hietala R. 2018: Satakunnan rannikon luontomatkailu- ja virkistyskäyttökysely Turun yliopisto, Maantieteen ja geologian laitos. 33 s.

20 LÄÄNE-VIRU CASE AREA Lääne-Viru ICZM Disrupted maritime culture Human-ecological network synergies Creative solutions from the public Challenges of cooperation and governance Sustainability of ICZM? Scheme (spatial development plan/map) + action plan (principles, general and specific recommendations) Recreation - Bathing sites - Hiking trails - State forests with heightened public concern Mobility - Accessibility - Small harbours - Light traffic roads - Sea rescue and safety Entrepreneurship based on local peculiarities - Coastal fisheries - Cultural heritage based communal entrepreneurship - Residential areas

Kokemäenjoki: main results Demonstrated the use of ecosystem service approach to land use planning and watershed management in the Kokemäenjoki river valley Defined the relevant concepts and

21 Kokemäenjoki: main results Demonstrated the use of ecosystem service approach to land use planning and watershed management in the Kokemäenjoki river valley Defined the relevant concepts and principles of the ecosystem-based management and how they can be linked to planning practices in Finland Conducted a preliminary study on ecological networks in SW Finland and ecosystem services in Kokemäenjoki watershed to support ecosystem-based management (SYKE) Identified sites and features of high importance for people in the Kokemäenjoki river valley using map-based questionnaire to support the assessment of cultural ecosystem services (UTU)

Interested? Read more Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. The planning situation in the Kokemäenjoki area 3. The green network and ecosystem services as part of land use planning 4.

22 Interested? Read more Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. The planning situation in the Kokemäenjoki area 3. The green network and ecosystem services as part of land use planning 4. Ecosystem services of the Kokemäenjoki planning area 5. Drivers affecting the provision of ecosystem services 6. Summary, received feedback and recommended follow-up measures 7. References Background information and reference material (only in Finnish): 1. Leikola N., Kiviluoto S., Nurmi M., Syrjänen K., Kostamo K., Mononen L. & Vihervaara P. 2018: Työraportti SustainBaltic hankkeen vaiheesta A.T1.1 Integrating obtainable environmental and human activity data into planning processes by GIS analysis tools. Suomen Ympäristökeskus SYKE. 40 s. 2. Mononen L, Vihervaara P. & Ijäs A. 2018: Kokemäenjoen ekosysteemipalvelut. SustainBaltic-hankkeen taustaraportti. Suomen Ympäristökeskus. 37 s. 3. Nordström P., Fagerholm N., Ijäs A., Savola A. & Hietala R. 2018: Kokemäenjokilaakson ihminen ja luonto -kysely Turun yliopisto, Maantieteen ja geologian laitos. 81 s.

LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA Läänemaa: what is the ICZM in this case? https://www.flickr.

use of natural environment; Heritage and today (traditional residental areas and development areas), flooding areas; Interest of locals and

23 LÄÄNEMAA CASE AREA Läänemaa: what is the ICZM in this case? In Läänemaa plan are integrated: Land and sea (in the same zone); Recreation development and sustainable use of natural environment; Heritage and today (traditional residental areas and development areas), flooding areas; Interest of locals and holiday makers are taken into account; Ports are the local centers (industry, fishery, recreation development); Diverse economy, overcoming seasonality.

24 SustainBaltic FOUR FINALISED ICZM PLANS can be downloaded from the project site: Thank you!

Marine Spatial Planning as an important tool for implementing the MSFD

Marine Spatial Planning as an important tool for implementing the MSFD Risto Kalliola Tallinn, Nov. 16 th 2012 DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY University of Turku, Finland Ten principles to provide