Conceptual Graphs for Knowledge Representation

Transcription

1 Guy W. Mineau Bernard Moulin John E Sowa (Eds.) Conceptual Graphs for Knowledge Representation First International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS'93 Quebec City, Canada, August 4-7, 1993 Proceedings Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg NewYork London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest

2 Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 699 Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science Edited by J. Siekmann Lecture Notes in Computer Science Edited byg. Goos and J. Hartmanis

3 Series Editor J/~rg Siekmann University of Saarland German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3, D Saarbrticken, Germany Volume Editors Guy W. Mineau Bernard Moulin Laval University, Computer Science Department Ste-Foy, Qu6bec, G1K 7P4 Canada John E Sowa State University of New York at Binghamton Binghamton, New York, USA CR Subject Classification (1991): 1.2, G.2.2, H.2.1 ISBN Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. 9 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1993 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera ready by author Printing and binding: Druckhaus Beltz, Hemsbach/Bergstr. 45/ Printed on acid-free paper

4 Preface Two fields are devoted to the study and development of knowledge-based systems (KBS): artificial intelligence and cognitive science. Over the past 25 years, researchers have proposed several approaches for modelling knowledge in KBS, including several kinds of formalism: semantic networks, frames, logics etc. In the early 1980s, John F. Sowa introduced the Conceptual Graph (CG) theory which provides a knowledge representation framework consisting of a form of logic with a graph notation and integrating several features from semantic net and frame representations. Since that time, several research teams over the world have been working on the application and on the extension of CG theory in various domains ranging from natural language processing to database modelling and machine learning. These proceedings gather some of the best papers presented at the international conference on Conceptual Structures, held in the city of Quebec, Canada, August 4-7, The conference follows a series of seven annual workshops aimed at providing an active forum for resea~hers and practitioners to exchange ideas about the theory and application of conceptual graphs. It is a pleasure to thank the invited speakers, Jon Barwise, Brian R. Gaines, Michael Genesereth, and John F. Sowa, for accepting our invitation to give talks and to contribute papers to the proceedings. This conference was sponsored by: Paramax, A Unisys Company (USA) NSERC: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Universit6 Laval, Qutbec, Canada Butterworth Heinemann Ltd (UK) and held in cooperation with: AAAI American Association for Artificial Intelligence ACM SIGART Association for Computing Machinery CEFRIO Centre fiancophone de recherche en informatisation des organisations CRIM Le Centre de recherche informatique de Montrtal GIRICO Le Groupe de recherche en informatique cognitive des organisations CSSCI The Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence We thank all the persons and institutions who contributed to making this conference a success. We thanks all the authors and the editorial staff of Springer-Verlag for making this book a valuable contribution in the knowledge representation research field. August 1993 Guy W. Mineau, Bernard Moulin, John F. Sowa

5 VI Organizing Committee General Chairman: John F. Sowa, SUNY Binghamton (USA) Program Committee and Organizing co-chairmen: Guy W. Mineau, Bernard Moulin, Universit6 Laval (Canada) Program Committee Jerrold Aronson, SUNY at Binghamton (USA) Nick Cercone, Simon Fraser University (Canada) Peter Creasy, University of Queensland (Australia) Veronica Dahl, Simon Fraser University (Canada) Peter Eklund, Adelaide University (Australia) Gerard Ellis, University of Queensland (Australia) John Esch, Paramax (USA) Jean Fargnes, IBM Paris (France) Norman Foo, University of Sydney (Australia) Carl Frederiksen, McGill University (Canada) Brian Gaines, University of Calgary (Car~l_a) Roger I-Iartley, New Mexico State University (USA) Martin Janta, CMR, St Jean (Canada) Pavel Kocura, Loughborough University (England) Debbie Leishman, Hughes (Can_ad_a) George Lendaris, Portland State University (USA) Robert Levinson, University of California at Santa Cruz (USA) Sung Myaeng, Syracuse University (USA) Tim Nagle, Paramax (USA) Heather Pfeiffer, New Mexico State University (USA) G6rard Sabah, LIMSI-CNRS (Prance) Doug Skuce, University of Ottawa (Canada) James Slagle, University of Minnesota (USA) Eric Tsui, Continuum Australia Ltd. (Australia) Paola Velardi, University of Ancona (Italy) Eileen Way, SUNY at Binghamton (USA) Yelena Yesha, University of Maryland Baltimore (USA) Michael Zock, LIMSI-CNRS (France)

6 Table of Contents Invited Talks Relating diagrams to logic... John F. Sowa Representation; discourse, logic and truth: sito_aong knowledge technology... Brian R. Gaines 36 Heterogeneous reasoning Jon Barwise Standards and Comparison of Theories A comparison between conceptual graphs and KL-one B. Bi~bow, G. Chary The term def'mition operators of ontolingua and of the conceptual graph formalism: a comparison G. W. Mineau Conceptual Graphs and Data Conceptual Modeling 90 Implementing conceptual graphs in a RDBMS B. Bowen, P. Kocura A conceptual graphs approach to conceptual schema integration P. Creasy, G. Ellis Conceptual graphs for relational databases C. Boksenbaum, B. Carbonneill, O. Haemmerl~, T. Libourel Natural Language Processing Inducing a CG representation for basic-level categorization of verbs R. Basili, M. T. Pazienza The representation of linguistic information in an approach used for modelling temporal knowledge in discourses B. Moulin

7 VIII Representing natural language causality in conceptual graphs: the higher order conceptual relation problem A. Nazarenko Reasoning Executable conceptual structures D. Lukose Inverting resolution with conceptual graphs M. Pagnucco, N. Foo Towards domain-independent machine intelligence R. Levinson Ontologies and Matching Efficient retrieval from hierarchies of objects using lattice operations G. Ellis Characterization and algorithmic recognition of canonical conceptual graphs M.L. Mugnier, M. Chein A conceptual semantics ontology for conceptual graphs M. Willems Applications Acquiring temporal knowledge from schedules W. Cyre Conceptual structures for modeling in CIM M. Wermelinger, A. Be jan Elicitation of taxonomies based on the use of conceptual graphs operators E. Armeur, J. G. Ganascia Conceptual Graphs, Existential Graphs and Logics Presenting a Peirce logic based inference engine and theorem prover for conceptual graphs J.E. Heaton, P. Kocura Operations on conceptual structures and Peirce's system of existential graphs B. Emond

8 I Modal logics for conceptual graphs H. van den Berg Fuzzy conceptual graphs V. Wuwongse, M. Manzano Author Index...,