Semester 2 Review U N I T 6 C O M P O U N D S U N I T 6 N A M I N G C O M P O U N D S. South Pasadena Chemistry Semester 2 Review Period Date

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Roland Shelton
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1 South Pasadena Chemistry Name Period Date U N I T 6 C O M P O U N D S Consider the compound Ba(NO 3) 2. Classify: [ Ionic Covalent Acid Organic ] Name the compound: barium nitrate Calculate the Molar Mass. Ba: = N: = O: = Molar Mass: = g/mol Calculate the percent O in Ba(NO 3) 2. %O = g 100%= 36.73% O g What is the mass of 0.46 mol Ba(NO 3) mol g = 120 g 1 mol Consider the compound N 2O 5. Classify: [ Ionic Covalent Acid Organic ] Name the compound: dinitrogen pentoxide Calculate the Molar Mass. N: = O: = Molar Mass: = g/mol Calculate the percent O in N 2O 5. %O = g 100% = 64.06% g ow many molecules of N 2O 5 are in a 19.5 L sample at STP? 19.5 L 1 mol 22.4 L molecules 1 mol = molecules U N I T 6 N A M I N G C O M P O U N D S Classify each compound as Ionic (I), Covalent (C), or Acid (A). Write the names or formulas for each compound. Name Type Formula Name Type Formula Calcium chlorate ydrochloric acid Stannic dichromate I A I Ca 2+ ClO 3 Ca(ClO 3) 2 + Cl Cl Sn 4+ Cr 2O 7 2 Sn(Cr 2O 7) 2 Phosphorus pentachloride C PCl 5 Ammonium sulfide I (N 4) 2S Ferrous phosphate iron(ii) phosphate I Fe 3(PO 4) 2 Dinitrogen monoxide C N 2O Carbonic acid A 2CO 3 Lead acetate I Pb 2+ C 2 3O 2 Pb(C 2 3O 2) 2 Sodium sulfate I Na 2SO 4

2 U N I T 7 L E W I S S T R U C T U R E S Draw the electron dot structures for the following species, and write the number of valence electrons: C S 2 P Mg 2+ # Val e : 4 # Val e : 8 # Val e : 5 # Val e : 0 Draw the Lewis dot structures for the following compounds. Indicate the type of bond between atoms, whether the molecule is polar or non-polar, and what kind of Inter-molecular Forces are found. Compound CO 2 N 3 C 4 Lewis Structure Non-Polar Covalent or Polar Covalent Bonds Non-polar or Polar Molecules Inter-Molecular Forces Polar Covalent Bonds Polar Covalent Bonds Non-Polar Covalent Bonds Non-Polar Molecule Polar Molecule Non-Polar Molecule London Dispersion Forces ydrogen Bonds London Dispersion Forces U N I T 7 B O N D I N G A N D S O L I D S Identify each of the following descriptions as Ionic Bond (I), Covalent Bond (C), or Metallic Bond (M). I Between a metal and non-metal C Between two non-metal atoms M Between Zn and Cu M Between two metal atoms I Electrons transferred between atoms C Between C and O I Between Na and F C Electrons shared between atoms I Attraction between oppositely charged ions Identify each of the following descriptions as an Ionic Solid (Ion), Molecular Solid (Mol), Network Covalent Solid (Net), or Metallic Solid (Met). Ion Conducts electricity when dissolved in water. Met Brass (s) Net Graphite Met Positive ions in a sea of electrons Mol ave low melting and boiling points. Net Contains only covalent bonds. Ion MgCl 2 (s) Met Malleable and ductile. Met Zinc (s) Mol P 4O 10 (s) Met Conducts electricity as a solid. Mol as London dispersion forces.

3 U N I T 8 N A M I N G O R G A N I C C O M P O U N D S Fill in this chart of formulas and names of hydrocarbons: C 3 8 C 9 18 C 5 10 C 6 14 C 4 6 pentane nonene Pentane hexane butyne What is the name of this hydrocarbon? Draw the molecule for 2,3,3-trimethyloctane. C3 C3 C C C C C C C C 3-methylhexane Name the following compound: Br C C C Br 1,1-dibromopropane C 3 Draw all the isomers for the compound on the left. (There are three.) Br Br C C C Br Br C C C Br C C C Br U N I T 8 F U N C T I O N A L G R O U P S Label these pictures with the type of functional group: Aldehyde Ether Ester Alcohol Carboxylic acid Ketone Look at the carboxylic acid and the alcohol molecules. (1) Label these two molecules as alcohol and carboxylic acid. (2) Draw a BOX around the atoms that will form 2O. (3) Draw the products that form. (4) When they react, they form an. O carboxylic acid alcohol C C O C C ester + O

4 U N I T 8 C O N C E N T R A T I O N S Consider a solution of Ba(O) 2. Show your work for each of the following. Calculate the concentration when 0.25 mol Ba(O) 2 is used to prepare a 120 ml solution. n = 0.25 mol V = L M =? M = n 0.25 mol = V L = 2.1 M Calculate the volume of a 1.20 M solution if g Ba(O) 2 is dissolved. MM = 1(137.33) + 2(16.00) + 2(1.008) = g/mol n = g 1 mol = mol g V =? M = 1.20 M V = n mol = M 1.20 M = L ow many ml of a 3.0 M Ba(O) 2 solution is required to prepare a 40.0 ml sample of 0.20 M solution? M conc = 3.0 M V conc =? ml M dil = 0.20 M V dil = 40.0 ml = L M conc V conc = M dil V dil (3.0 M)(V conc) = (0.20 M)( L) V conc = L = 2.67 ml Write the equation for how Ba(O) 2 dissolves in water. Ba(O) 2 Ba O (Strong base) U N I T 9 A C I D S / B A S E S Match the terms with the following statements. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all. a) acid b) base c) both acid and base d) neither acid nor base A 1. p = 5 B 2. tastes bitter C 3. electrolyte A 4. vinegar, C 2 3O 2 B 5. increases [O ] A 6. neutralizes NaO B 7. feel slippery D 8. Na 2SO 4 B 9. milk of magnesia, Mg(O) 2 B 10. alkaline A 11. tastes sour B 12. turns cabbage juice blue, green, or yellow B 13. household ammonia D 14. p = 7 C 15. can burn your skin B 16. high p A 1.0 x 10-4 M solution of Cl has a p of 4.00 and a po of

5 Potential Energy (kj) U N I T 1 0 R E A C T I O N S For each type reaction, classify it, write the products (if needed), and balance it. Combustion (C) Synthesis (S) Decomposition (D) Single Replacement (SR) Double Replacement (DR) C 1 C 2 5O + 3 O 2 2 CO O SR 1 Zn + 2 AgNO 3 2 Ag + 1 Zn(NO 3) 2 S 4 Na + 1 O 2 2 Na 2O D 2 KClO 3 2 KCl + 3 O 2 DR 3 Ag 2SO AlBr 3 6 AgBr + 1 Al 2(SO 4) 3 Balance the equation: 2 Al + 6 Cl AlBr 3 In the reaction above, Al is oxidized from 0 to +3, and is reduced from +1 to 0. Write the half reactions. Oxidation half reaction: Al Al e Reduction half reaction: e 2 What is the volume at STP of 2 that is produced if 30.5 g of Al reacts completely? 30.5 g Al 1 mol Al g Al 3 mol 2 2 mol Al 22.4 L 2 = 38.0 L 1 mol 2 2 Consider the reaction: 2 2O 2 (l) 2 2O (l) + O 2 (g) f (kj/mol): Calculate total f of reactants: 2( 190) = 380 kj/mol total f of products: 2( 290) = 580 kj/mol Calculate the value of rxn: ( 580) ( 380) = 200 kj/mol The reaction is [ endothermic exothermic ] Graph the reaction profile if f of the transition state is 150 kj/mol. Label the E a and rxn. What is the value of E a? ( 150) ( 380) = 230 kj/mol U N I T 1 1 R E A C T I O N E N E R G Y A catalyst is added and the transition state is now 300 kj/mol. Sketch the new curve using a dashed line. Calculate the value of the E a and rxn with the catalyst. E a = ( 300) ( 380) = 80 kj/mol rxn = 200 kj/mol Calculate the value of rxn using bond energies. Structures: O O O O=O rxn = (+2)(146) + (+2)(467) + ( 2)(467) + ( 1)(495) = 203 kj/mol E a rxn Bond O O O O=O Bond Energy 146 kj/mol 467 kj/mol 495 kj/mol

6 concentration (M) U N I T 1 2 E Q U I L I B R I U M Consider the equilibrium process, 2 O 3 3 O 2. A sample of O 3 (g) was placed in a 1.0 L container at a particular temperature. The plot of the concentrations over time was made time (s) At equilibrium, this reaction is [ reactant-favored productfavored ] because: K eq > 1 [O 2] [O 3] At what time was equilibrium established? ow do we know? Equilibrium established at 4 s because at that time, the concentrations of O 2 and O 3 (macroscopic property) are constant. Write the expression for the K eq and find its value. K eq = [O2]3 [O 3] 2 = (0.80)3 (0.20) 2 = 12.8 What is equal at equilibrium? Rates of forward and reverse reactions Write the expression for the K eq for the following reaction: S 4 (s) + 12 F 2 (g) 4 SF 6 (g) K eq = [SF6]4 [F 2] 12 Remember that solids and liquids are not included in K eq. U N I T 1 2 L E C Â T E L I E R S P R I N C I P L E Given the equilibrium reaction below, indicate the direction of the shift and the change in concentration of each substance when each of the following stresses is placed on the system. 2 NO (g) + O 2 (g) 2 NO 2 (g) Add NO 2 (g) Shifts left Remove NO (g) Shifts left Add O 2 (g) Shifts right Add Ne (g) No shift Given the equilibrium reaction below, list three stresses that would produce more SF 6 (g). heat + S 4 (s) + 12 F 2 (g) 4 SF 6 (g) Increase the temperature Decrease the volume / increase the pressure Add more F 2 (g) NOT add S 4 (s) Decrease volume Shifts right When the temperature of the system is lowered, more NO (g) is produced. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Why? The reaction is endothermic, so heat is a reactant, and lowering the temperature would shift the reaction to the left making more NO (g).

Classify each compound as Ionic (I), Covalent (C), or Acid (A). Write the names or formulas for each compound. Name Type Formula Name Type Formula

Classify each compound as Ionic (I), Covalent (C), or Acid (A). Write the names or formulas for each compound. Name Type Formula Name Type Formula South Pasadena Chemistry Name Period Date U N I T 6 C O M P O U N D S Consider the compound Ba(NO 3) 2. Classify: [ Ionic Covalent Acid Organic ] Name the compound: Calculate the Molar Mass. Consider the