Chemistry is a course based on regular laboratory investigations of matter, chemical reactions, and the role of energy in reactions.

Transcription

1 Honors Chemistry Summer Assignment Chemistry is a course based on regular laboratory investigations of matter, chemical reactions, and the role of energy in reactions. Honors Chemistry Summer Assignment Directions Task 1: You must identify whether the compounds are ionic or covalent compounds. You can list a letter I or C to indicate where a compound is ionic or covalent. Task 2: You must complete 20 word problems using dimensional analysis. Examples are shown on the assignment. You must show all your work clearly either on a separate sheet of paper or on the document. You must also box your final answer. Do not forget to label your final answer. Task 3: Read the two articles completely. Make a one or two sentence summary for each page of each article. Do not rewrite what is in the article but rather reword it in words you will understand. All 3 Tasks will be checked and reviewed the first week of school by Ms. Ahmad /Mrs. Nagel. This will serve as your first grade for your Chemistry class

2 Task 1. Identifying types of Compounds When we have a metal and a non-metal come together we have an ionic compound. Metal + Non-Metal = Ionic Compound When we have a non-metal and a non-metal bonded together we have a covalent compound. Non-Metal + Non-Metal = Covalent (sometimes called molecular) These compounds only contain nonmetals Metals Left half and center of periodic table Non-metals Upper right of periodic table Identify whether the following compounds are ionic or covalent compounds. 1.! Al 2 O 3 2.! B 2 Si 3.! Ba 3 N 2 4.! SCl 4 5.! C 2 H 4 6.! Ca 3 N 2 7.! CaF 2 8.! CaO 9.! Al 2 S 3 10.! CH 4 11.! K 2 S 12.! CO 13.! Cs 2 O 14.! Cs 2 S 15.! H 2 S 16.! Li 3 N 17.! Rb 3 N 18.! LiBr

3 19.! NaO 28.! NO 2 20.! Mg 3 N 2 21.! N 2 O 5 22.! N 2 S 3 23.! Na 3 N 24.! NF 3 25.! CO 2 26.! NO 29.! P 4 S 5 30.! PCl 3 31.! SeF 6 32.! SF 6 33.! SiF 4 34.! SO 2 35.! B 2 H 6 27.! SrF 2 Task 2. As chemistry students, you have two goals with problems. First, get the correct answer. Second, be able to show others WHY your answer is correct. Dimensional analysis meets both of these goals. For this part of your summer assignment you will complete 20 problems and you need to show all work using dimensional analysis. You will be assessed on your ability to solve problems this way. Dimensional Analysis Dimensional Analysis (also called Factor-Label Method or the Unit Factor Method) is a problem-solving method that uses the fact that any number or expression can be multiplied by one without changing its value. It is a useful technique. Question: How many centimeters are in 6.00 inches? We know 2.54 cm = 1 in. This can be written as a unit factor.!"#$%&" '.)*"%+ ",-" '.)*"%+!"#$%& To convert 6.00 inches to cm using the unit factor, multiply the given value (6.00 inches) by the unit factor. Be sure to use the unit factor with inches (our starting unit) in the denominator so that it will cancel out, leaving us with the desired unit at the end. " '.)*"%+!"#$%& = 15. 2" Question: How many inches are there in a football field (100 yards)? To convert you need to know 1 yard = 3 feet and 1 foot = 12 inches. Solution: 100":;-<8"=" >"?@!'"#$ "=" = 3,600"642h38!"AB!"?@

4 Use the following conversion factors to solve. Please remember No Naked Numbers! Don t write down What do you mean? 45.6 cats, 45.6 baseballs, 45.6 feet, or 45.6 cm. A number without a unit is meaningless; always label your answer. You will hear Ms. Ahmad say this a bazillion times during the school year. Conversions Factors 1 hr = 60 min 1 min = 60 sec 1 ton = 2000 lbs 7 days = 1 week 24 hrs = 1 day 1 kg = 2.2 lbs 1 gal = 3.79 L gal = 1 cubic meter 1 mi = 5,280 ft 1 kg = 1000 g 1 lb = 16 oz 20 drops = 1 ml 365 days = 1 yr 52 weeks = 1 yr 2.54 cm = 1 in 1 L = 1000 ml mi = 1.00 km 1 yd = 36 inches 1 cc is 1 cm 3 1 ml = 1 cm 3 Converting between metric units K H D B D C M KING HENRY DIED BY DRINKING CHOCOLATE MILK Prefix Kilo Hecto Deca (base unit) Deci Centi Milli Means Abbreviation k h dk Meter, Liter, Grams d c m Example: 1 meter = 1000 millimeters (1.0m = mm) 1.) How many miles will a person run during a 10 kilometer race? 2.) The moon is 250,000 miles away. How many feet is it from earth? 3.) A family pool holds 10,000 gallons of water. How many liters is this? 4.) The average American student is in class 330 minutes/day. How many hours/day is this?

5 5) How many seconds are there in 1 year? 6) Lake Michigan holds 1.3 x gallons of water. How many liters is this? 7) Pepsi puts 355 ml of soda in a can. How many drops is this? 8) Chicago uses 1.2 x 10 9 gallons of water /day. How many gallons per second must be pumped from the lake every second to supply the city? 9) Sixty miles/ hour is how many ft/sec? 10) Lake Michigan holds 1.3 x gallons of water. If just Chicago removed water from the lake and it never rained again, how many days would the water last? Chicago uses 1.2 x 10 9 gallons of water /day.

6 11). How many minutes are in days? 12). If a person weighs 125 lbs, 8 oz., how many grams does s/he weigh? 13). The distance from Santa Maria to Los Alamos is mi. What is the distance in cm? 14). Santa Maria has an elevation of 6.30 x 10 5 mm. How many km is this elevation? 15). If a projectile travels 3.00 x 10 3 feet in one second, how far will it travel in 18 minutes? 16). How many decades are equal to 1.7 x minutes? 17). Houston has approximately 2,210,000 people. Each person has 2 hands and each hands 5 fingers. How many fingers are in Houston?

7 18). Mrs. Nagel s son loves milk. He drinks 2 cups of milk a day. There are 8 ounces in a cup. How many ounces of milk would he has drunk after ten weeks? 19). In the average American US household, the television is on 6.75 hours a day! (Counting Netflix) How many hours will have passed after 77.7 years (the average life expectancy of an American)? 20) Each dimensional analysis problem should take about 1.5 minutes. How many dimensional analysis problems could you complete in 6 weeks of chemistry class, if we had class for 242 minutes a week)?

8 Task 3. Read the two articles completely. Make a one or two sentence summary for each page of each article. Do not rewrite what is in the article but rather reword it in words you will understand. You will submit this along with Task 1 and 2 at the beginning of the school year to your chemistry instructor.

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