Proactive Correspondent Registration for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Route Optimization

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1 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb Pti Cspt Rgistti f Px Mbil IP6 Ru Optimizti Pug-S Kim 1, Sg-E Kim 2, JgSm Ji 2, Sg-Ch 1 Dptmt f Eltis Egiig, K Plhi Uisit, Sihug-Cit, Kggi-D, , K 2 If b., KT 17, Wm-Dg, Sh-Gu, Sul , K Summ I this pp, pti spt gistti mhism is pps f th Px Mbil IP6 (PMIP6) u ptimizti btw th spt () th mbil ss gw (MAG) bhlf f th mbil () i wilss ss twks. Tw sis si ig t th tp f. F th pps mhism, th px hm st th ut -f st fi wl with pms spifi b ifmti i MAGs. Th pps spt gistti mhism is pfm bf tul h f i MAGs wh th tth wl. Thf, th pps mhism u spt gistti l, whih u h l thus h thughput gti us b th biitil tulig i th ll mbilit h (MA). K ws: Px Mbil IP6, Pti spt gistti, l, Biig l, Cut -f st. 1. Ituti I t, t suppt IP mbilit f ll hsts ispti f th ps bs f Mbil IP6 (MIP6) futilit i [1], th Px Mbil IP6 (PMIP6) is big stiz i It Egi Tsk F (IETF) [2][3]. This ptl t supptig mbilit s t qui th mbil () t b il i th siglig qui f mbilit mgmt. Th mbilit ss gw (MAG) i th twk pfms th siglig s th mbilit mgmt bhlf f th. Th PMIP6 b th 3 h sluti f wilss ss twks fm w. F th sussful plmt f PMIP6, th t mmui ffiitl th m t miimiz th pkt lss us b h is bmig isigl imptt bus h l is uptbl f l-tim IP sis. Th 3 h l i PMIP6 b us mil b th twk ss uthtiti l th spt gistti l f th u ptimizti, t. Ths lis iitbl i PMIP6 bus f its bsi ptis. Ths lis ul b ppibl f ltim pplitis thughput ssiti pplitis. Amg thm, i this pp, th spt gistti l f th u ptimizti will b si u b th pps mhism. Th PMIP6 ptl spifiti [2] s t pi u ptimizti. Thf, wh th ms tths t w lik t th w MAG i th PMIP6 mi, th biitil tulig btw th th MAG bhlf f th i th ll mbilit gt (MA) t b i bf th spt gistti pu is mpl btw tw titis. This biitil tulig i th MA m t llw th shst mmuiti pth t b us. Tht is, t pkts btw tw titis f u lg pths tht sigifitl lg th ptiml, whih us -t- l btw tw titis. I iti, this ls us gsti t th MA its lik. M, th impt f pssibl filu f th MA twks th pth t fm it is. Thf, tw titis suff fm sigifit thughput gti us b th biitil tulig f iti l-tim pplitis. As shw i [4], TCP bulk-t tsfs likwis ff si lg hff lis m l t sussi tsmissi timuts g thughput. Tht is, th spt gistti pu usig ptgphi futis hlp su th PMIP6 mmuiti btw tw titis, but it ls itus sigifit qulit f si (QS) issus suh s l, gsti, t. This ms th is ff btw suit QS.

2 150 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb 2007 I t sl th mti pblm i th u ptimizti pu, th spt gistti btw th th MAG bhlf f th shul b mpl withi sht tim s pssibl t u th spt gistti l. w, s shw i [3], th px hm st th ut px -f st iluig th px biig up (PBU) th px biig kwlgmt (PBA) f th spt gistti smwht tim-sumig mputtill busm si ptgphi futis f uthtiti pti qui sibl mputti CPU pssig tim, whih might itus th spt gistti l. I this pp, thf, pti spt gistti mhism btw th th MAG bhlf f th is pps i t u spt gistti l f th PMIP6 u ptimizti. As shw i [3], tw sis si ig t th tp f. Th fist si is tht th hs th MIP6 futi giz PMIP6 mssgs. Th s si is tht th s t h MIP6 futi pi mbilit suppt b PMIP6. Th px hm st th ut -f st iluig th PBU th PBA fi wl with pms spifi b ifmti i MAGs. Th spt gistti thugh b mssgs is pfm bf tul h f i MAGs wh th tth wl. Thf, th pps mhism u spt gistti l, whih u h l thus h thughput gti us b th biitil tulig i th MA. Th pp is giz s fllws. I Sti 2, th twk figuti is isuss bifl. I Sti 3, th pti spt gistti mhism is pps. I Sti 4, tgs f th pps mhism isuss. Fill, lusis m i Sti Ntwk Sis This pp sis th Px Mbil IP6 (PMIP6) bs IEEE wilss twk whih sists f l sl mbil ss gws (MAGs) tht tpill u spig ss us, s shw i Figu 1 Figu 2. This twk figuti might b fsibl bus, i bb wilss ss (BWA) twks suh s IEEE wilss twk [5][6], sl ss us qui wi wh th m. Tul MAG A MA m t MAG B MAG C MAG B MAG C Nt Optiml Ru Optiml Ru MAG D m t MAG A MAG B MAG D MAG E Figu 1. PMIP6 bs Wilss Ass Ntwks (1 st Si) Tul MAG A MA m t MAG B MAG C MAG B Nt Optiml Ru Optiml Ru MAG C MAG D MA m t MAG A MAG B MAG D Tul MAG E MAG Figu 2. PMIP6 bs Wilss Ass Ntwks (2 Si). Tbl 1. Ifmti MAGs MAG MID Ntwk Pfix Ci MAGs MAG A 0x01 3ff:201:2:101 MAG B, MAG C MAG B 0x02 3ff:201:2:102 MAG A, MAG C MAG C 0x03 3ff:201:2:103 MAG A, MAG B, MAG D MAG D 0x04 3ff:201:2:104 MAG C, MAG E MAG E 0x05 3ff:201:2:105 MAG D I this pp, it is ssum tht ll MAGs sh ifmti th MAGs whih xist i sm PMIP6 mi. As shw i Tbl 1, f ll MAGs, th ifmti sists f th MAG itifi (MID), th twk pfix f px -f ss (Px-CA) figuti, th list f i MAGs wh th tth wl. Th MAG qui this ifmti fm th pli s. As shw i [3], th tw sis ig t th tp f. Th fist si is tht s h MIP6 futi giz PMIP6 mssgs s shw i Figu 1. Th s si is tht s t h MIP6 futi pi mbilit suppt b PMIP6 s shw i Figu 2. N tht this pp bws ll f th milg fm th IETF spifiti [1]-[3] th IEEE spifiti [5].

3 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb Pti Cspt Rgistti Mhism 3.1 Tff btw Suit QS i PMIP6 Pu Th PMIP6 ptl spifiti [2] s t pi u ptimizti. Thf, wh th ms tths t w lik t th w MAG i th PMIP6 mi, th biitil tulig btw th th MAG bhlf f th i th MA t b i bf th spt gistti pu is mpl btw tw titis. This biitil tulig i th MA m t llw th shst mmuiti pth t b us. Tht is, t pkts btw tw titis f u lg pths tht sigifitl lg th ptiml, whih us -t- l btw tw titis. F xmpl, VIP ppliti is muh m ssiti t ls th its titil t upts. A fw ss slww is gligibl f wlig fil. w, m 150 millis l tu isp VIP ll it gbl, uilligt mss. I iti, this ls us gsti t th MA its lik. M, th impt f pssibl filu f th MA twks th pth t fm it is. Thf, tw titis suff fm sigifit thughput gti us b th biitil tulig f iti l-tim pplitis. As shw i [4], TCP bulk-t tsfs likwis ff si lg hff lis m l t sussi tsmissi timuts g thughput. Tht is, th biig pu usig ptgphi futis hlp su th PMIP6 mmuiti btw tw titis, but it ls itus sigifit QS issus suh s l, gsti, t. This ms th is ff btw suit QS. I t sl th mti pblm i th u ptimizti pu, th spt gistti btw th th MAG bhlf f th shul b ls mpl withi sht tim s pssibl t u th spt gistti l. w, s shw i [3], th px hm st th ut px f st iluig th l PBU th PBA f th spt gistti smwht tim-sumig mputtill busm si ptgphi futis f uthtiti pti qui sibl mputti CPU pssig tim, whih might itus th spt gistti l. 3.2 Nw Px m Tst Cut C-f Tst Pus I this sti, th px hm st th ut px -f st f th spt gistti wl fi with pms spifi b ifmti i MAGs. F simpliit, hf, th MAG bhlf f th th MAG bhlf f th ll th th MAG, sptil. Th MA f th th MA f th ll th MA th MA. Figu 3 ~ Figu 6 shw ll pti pus f pps xistig mhisms f bth tw sis f Figu 1 Figu 2. Nw Px m Tst Pu As s s th mks isi whih th th MAG s th u ptimizti, th iitis th px hm st pu. Th th MAG ifis th hbilit f s hm ss (-A) i this pu. F th w px hm st, tw mssgs fi with pms spifi b ifmti i MAGs wh th tth wl. Px m Tst Iit (PTI) Th ss th PTI mssg t qui hm kg tks f i MAGs. I this mssg, th fil f pms b fi b MIDs, px -f sss (Px-CAs), hm iit kis, whih g b th f i MAGs. I s f th 1 st si f Figu 1, th PTI mssg is st t th i th sh tul btw th th MA s shw i Figu 3. O th th h, i s f th 2 si f Figu 2, th PTI mssg is st t th MA i th sh tul btw th th MA, s shw i Figu 5. Th, this PTI mssg is fw t hm ss f th b th MA. At th MA, this mssg is tull it th sh tul btw th MA th MAG. Th, th MAG ipts th PTI mssg xtts -A Px-CAs f i MAGs fm it. Px m Tst (PT) Th PT mssg is st i sps t PTI mssg. I this mssg, th fil f pms b fi b MIDs, hm kg tks, hm iit kis, hm iis, whih g b th th MAG f i MAGs. m iit kis fm th tu i th PT mssg, t su tht

4 152 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb 2007 th mssg ms fm th u btw th MA th btw th MA th MAG. m iis li t th t l llw th th MAG t ffiitl fi th lu tht it us i tig hm kg tks. m kg tks f spig i MAGs mpu b pssig ptgphi futis i [7]. I s f th 1 st si f Figu 1, th ss th PT mssg bk t th i th sh tul btw th th MA, s shw i Figu 3. O th th h, i s f th 2 si f Figu 2, th MAG ss th PT mssg bk t th s Px-CA f th it PT mssg, s shw i Figu 5. Th MAG s biig h t f this. This PT is st i th sh tul btw MAG th MA. Th, th MA fws this mssg t th -CA whih tuls it t th. Wh th is PT mssg, it xtts th Px-CA f s this ifmti t th biig h t f. Nw Cut Px C-f Tst Pu Th th MAG ls s t p th hbilit f th Px-CA, whih is ll th px -f st. This px -f st is piggbk Px Biig Up (PBU) whih is st b th t gis with th th MAG. Tht is, th px -f st is utl with th l PBU xhg, s it is ll th ut px -f st. Px C-f Tst Iit (PCTI) Th ss th l PBU whih tis th PCTI pti t qui th -f kg tk f i MAGs. I th PCTI pti, th fil f pms b fi b MIDs, Px-CAs, -f iit kis f i MAGs, whih g b th. I s f th 1 st si f Figu 1, it is st itl t th, s shw i Figu 3. O th th h, i s f th 2 si i Figu 2, it is st itl t th Px-CA f, i.. t th MAG, s shw i Figu 5. Th fil f pms i th l PBU b fi s [1] f i MAGs. Px C-f Tst (PCT) Th Px Biig Akwlgmt (PBA) mssg with PCT pti is st i sps t th l PBU mssg with PCTI pti. I th PCT pti, th fil f pms b fi b MIDs, -f iit kis, -f kg tks, -f iis f i MAGs, whih g b th th MAG. C-f iis pi t itif th us f -f kg tks. m f iis m b th sm, ifft, i PT mssg PCT pti. C-f kg tks f spig i MAGs mpu b pssig ptgphi futis i [7]. This mssg is st itl t th f bth sis, s shw i Figu 3 Figu 5. I th PBA mssg, th fil f pms b fi s [1] f i MAGs. 4. Opti Pu Atgs Existig Mhism T sib th pti pu f th pps pti spt gistti mhism, it will b ssum tht th ms tths t th MAG C fm th MAG A th ms tths t th MAG E i Figu 1 Figu 2. Th xistig mhism ws xpli i [2][3] s shw i Figu 4 Figu 6. F th pps pti spt gistti mhism s shw i Figu 3 Figu 5, wh th ms tths t MAG A, th MAG A bhlf f th pfms th pps spt gistti f i MAGs, MAG C MAG E, t pppi tim usig MAG ifmti h bfh, suh s th MID, th twk pfix f Px-CA figuti, th list f i MAGs wh th tth wl s shw i Tbl 1. I l-tim mmuiti, wh th MAG A pfms tul PMIP6 h t MAG C, th tigg m i fm spifi 2 ts tht might mi th f h. I this pp, this tigg itslf is t spifi i til. Af th twk ss uthtiti, th it mmuiti btw MAG C btw MAG MAG C b st withut th spt gistti MAG C. Thf, th spt gistti l btw tw titis b u bus smwht timsumig mputtill busm tsks pfm bfh. Tht is, th pps pti spt gistti mhism u h l thus h thughput gti us b th biitil tulig. O th th h, i th xistig mhism [2][3], ths tim-sumig mputtill busm tsks f spt gistti pfm uig th PMIP6 h pu. I iti, th pps mhism ls i gsti t th MA its lik uig PMIP6 h. M, th impt f pssibl filu f th MA twks th pth t fm it s.

5 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb Clusis This pp hs pps th pti spt gistti mhism f th PMIP6 u ptimizti btw th th th MAG i wilss ss twks. Tw sis h b si ig t th tp f. F th pps mhism, th px hm st th ut f st fi wl with pms spifi b ifmti i MAGs. Th pps spt gistti mhism is pfm bf tul h f i MAGs wh th tth wl. Thf, th pps mhism u spt gistti l, whih u h l thus h thughput gti us b th biitil tulig i th MA. Akwlgmt This wk ws supp b th IT R&D pgm f MIC/IITA, K. Th pjt is 2006-S whih is f th lpmt f IP6 bs WiB mbilit mbil AP ssm. Rfs [1] Jhs, D.B., Pkis, C.E., Akk, J., Mbilit Suppt i IP6, IETF RFC 3775, Ju [2] Gulli, S., Px Mbil IP6, <ft-itf-tlmmpxmip6-01.txt >, Ju [3] Qi, A., PMIP6 Ru Optimizti Ptl, <ft-qimipshp-pmip-00.txt>, Fbu [4] Vgt, C. M. Dll, "Effiit E-t-E Mbilit Suppt i IP6", I P. f th IEEE Wilss Cmmuitis Ntwkig Cf, Apil [5] IEEE802.16, Ammt f Phsil Mium Ass Ctl s f Cmbi Fix Mbil Opti i is Bs,, ANSI/IEEE St /D12, [6] S. Ds t l., Ssm spts h mgmt f IEEE , Bll bs Thil Jul, pp. 123~142, [7] Akk, J., Eh Ru Optimizti f Mbil IP6, <ft-itf-mipshp-g-b-03.txt>, Fbu Pug-S Kim i th B.S. g i Eltil Egiig fm Ih Uisit i i th M.S. g i Ctl Istumtti Egiig th Ph.D. g t th Shl f Eltil Egiig Cmpu Si fm Sul Ntil Uisit i , sptil. Fm 2001 t 2005, h ws si sh t th Digitl Mi R&D C f Smsug Eltis C. t. Si 2005, h hs b with th Dptmt f Eltis Egiig t K Plhi Uisit. is mi sh ists i th s f ssm sftw slutis, wilss mbil twks, xt gti twk ssm sig, sttistil sigl pssig, ius iustil pplitis. Sg-E Kim i M.S g i Elti Cmmuiti Egiig fm g Uisit Ph.D. gs i Cmpu Cmmuiti Egiig fm Chugm Ntil Uisit i , sptil. is wkig f If lb., t KT s si sh si tibu t TsPAC pjts btw APAN STAR TAP i th US s wll s tibu t mk KOREN, K A Rsh Ntwk, f APAN ifstutu i K. ls tibu t sig, pit plig utig hitu f KORNET whih is lgst IP bs mmil twk i K. is ut sh ists twk hitu f fix mbil g, IP6, Mbil WiMAX Futu It. Jg-Sm Ji is Rsh Dit f If bt i KT. hs b with KT si hs b xpi mj lmmuiti fils suh s Stizti, Dlpmt, Tstig Dplmt f CCS (Cmm Chl Siglig) (1988 ~ 1996) A Illigt Ntwk Pltfm, Si Dlpmt Dplmt (1997 ~ 2002). Fm 2005 t w, hs b il i IP6 WiB Ssm Dlpmt f tsiti t IP6 fm KT's IP4 twk. is is i IP6, WiB, Mbil IP, NEtwk MObilit, Multihmig, Smlss Mbilit, Mbil Busiss Ml t. hls B.S M.S g fm Kugpk Ntil Uisit, K, ll i Elti Egiig. ls t f Si Dit Cus i UT, USA s isitig shl (2003 ~ 2004). Sg-Ch is Assistt Vi Psit f If bt i KT. hs b with KT si bg his KT i Qulit Assu C wh h spt 6 s, fllw b i mmuiti hlg busiss iluig Digitl Bstig Slli Digitl Wilss Cmmuiti. Fm 2002 t w, h is spsibl f th lpmt f Mbil It ssm ll b WiB, th fist lizti f Mbil WiMAX. is mmb f IEEE WiMAX fum, ls utl ss s Vi Psit f WiB stizti pjt gup i TTA, K. hls B.S, M.S Ph.D g fm Sul Ntil Uisit, K, ll i Eltil Egiig.

6 154 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb 2007 MA Atth t MAG A MAG A ipts fws t pkts t Dit t pkts btw MAG A & Atth t MAG C () Apppi tim MAG C ipts fws t pkts t Px m Tst Cut Px C-f Tst f MAG B MAG C with Pssig Cptgphi Futis Ntwk Ass Authtiti Dit t pkts btw MAG C & Figu 3. Opti Pu f Pps Mhism f 1 st Si. MA Atth t MAG A MAG A ipts fws t pkts t Atth t MAG C () MAG C ipts fws t pkts t Ntwk Ass Authtiti Dit t pkts btw MAG A Px m Tst Cut Px C-f Tst f MAG C with Pssig Cptgphi Futis Dit t pkts btw MAG C Figu 4. Opti Pu f Existig Mhism f 1 st Si. MA MA MAG Atth t MAG A MAGA ipts t Apppi tim Dit t pkts btw MAGA MAG Px m Tst Cut Px C-f Tst f MAGB MAGC with Pssig Cptgphi Futis MAG ipts t Atth t MAG C () MAGC ipts t Ntwk Authtiti Dit t pkts btw MAGC MAG MAG ipts t Figu 5. Opti Pu f Pps Mhism f 2 Si. MA MA MAG Atth t MAG A MAGA ipts t Dit t pkts btw MAGA MAG MAG ipts t Atth t MAG C () MAGC ipts t Ntwk Authtiti Px m Tst Cut Px C-f Tst f MAGC with Pssig Cptgphi Futis Dit t pkts btw MAGC MAG MAG ipts t Figu 6. Opti Pu f Existig Mhism f 2 Si.

7 IJCSNS Itil Jul f Cmpu Si Ntwk Suit, VO.7 N.11, Nmb