Summary for Naming Compounds

Transcription

1 Summary for Naming Compounds 1. Group 1, 2, 3 metal with Group 15, 16, 17 nonmetals 2. Group 1, 2, 3, metal with polyatomic ions 3. Transition/other metal with Group 15, 16, 17 nonmetal 4. Transition/other metal with polyatomic ions 5. Naming covalent compounds 6. Naming acids

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6 Group 1, 2, 3 metal with nonmetals: formula to chemical name 1. State name of metal 2. State name of nonmetal with ide ending Formula CsF Name of Metal ion Name of Nonmetal ion (-ide ending) Name AlCl 3 MgI 2 Rb 2 O SrI 2 K 2 S

7 Group 1,2,3 Metals with Nonmetal: Name to Formula 1. Write the symbol for the metal and nonmetal. 2. Determine the charges for each based on the group that the element is found. 3. Switch the charges crossway to get the subscripts. Name Symbol for Metal ion Symbol for Nonmetal ion Formula (charge based on element s group) (charge based on element s group) Aluminum sulfide Beryllium bromide Calcium chloride Potassium oxide Magnesium iodide Cesium fluoride

8 Group 1, 2, 3 metal with polyatomic ions: formula to chemical name 1. State name of metal ion 2. State name of the polyatomic ion 3. Combine to get the full chemical name Formula Na 2 SO 4 KH 2 PO 4 Ca(OH) 2 KClO 3 Na 2 SO 3 CsClO 4 Name of Metal ion Name of Polyatomic ion Name

9 Group 1,2,3 Metals with Polyatomic ions: Name to Formula Write the symbol for the metal and polyatomic ion with their charges. Switch the charges crossway to get the subscripts (use parentheses to express more than one polyatomic unit). Name Aluminum dichromate Beryllium acetate Calcium perchlorate Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Magnesium phosphate Cesium Carbonate Symbol for Metal ion (charge based on element s group) Symbol for Polyatomic ion (Use parentheses for 2 or more units) Formula

10 Laboratory: Identifying formulas Investigatible Question: How does the mixing ratios differ for Silver (I)compound containing group 17 nonmetals vs Silver (I) substances containing group 16 nonmetals? Hypothesis: Investigation Design:

11 Transition/other metal ions with Nonmetal ions: Name Formula 1. State name of metal with roman numeral to tell the charge (the formula provided). 2. State name of nonmetal ion. 3. Combine the two parts to get the full name of the compound.

12 Formula PbBr 2 Subscript for transition/ other metal ( A ) Transition/Other metals with Nonmetal ions: formula to Name Subscript for Nonmetal ion unit ( B ) Roman Numeral = Charge of Nonmetal A x B Name of Metal ion (with roman numeral) Name of Nonmetal ion Name PbBr 4 FeS Fe 2 S 3 CoCl 3 CrCl 3

13 Transition/other metals with Nonmetals: name to formula 1. Write the symbol for the metal and nonmetal. 2. Determine the charges for each based on the group that the element is found. 3. Switch the charges to get the subscripts. Name Iron (II) sulfide Tin (IV) bromide Gold (V) chloride Manganese (III) oxide Silver (I) iodide Lead (VII) fluoride Symbol for Metal ion (use roman numeral to get the charge) Symbol for Nonmetal ion (charge based on group number) Formula

14 Transition/other metal ions with Polyatomic ions: Name Formula 1. State name of metal with roman numeral to tell the charge (the formula provided). 2. State name of polyatomic ion. 3. Combine the two parts to get the full name of the compound.

15 Formula HgNO 3 Subscript for transition/ other metal ( ) Transition/Other metals with Polyatomic ions: formula to Name A Subscript for Polyatomic ion unit ( ) B Roman Numeral = Charge of Polyatomic A x B Name of Metal ion (with roman numeral) Name of Polyatomic ion Name Hg(NO 3 ) 2 Pb 2 Cr 2 O 7 Mn(OH) 7 Cu 3 PO 4 Ni 3 (PO 4 ) 4

16 Transition/other metal ions with Polyatomic ions: Name Formula 1. Write the symbol and charge for both the transition (or other) metal ion and the polyatomic ion. 2. Combine ions and switch the charges to get the subscripts (use parentheses in cases where 2 or more polyatomic ions are being expressed). Name Symbol of Metal ion Symbol of Polyatomic ion Formula (use roman numeral to get the charge) Iron (II) nitrite Tin (IV) nitrate Gold (V) chlorate Manganese (III) chlorite Silver (I) acetate Lead (VII) hydrogen sulfate

17 Covalent Compounds: formula name 1. Write down the names for each part of the chemical formula with appropriate prefix. 2. Combine parts to get the full name of the compound represented. Formula First element with prefix (Don t use mono-) Second element with prefix (-ide ending) Name PCl 5 N 2 O 3 SO 2 SO 3 P 4 O 6 SF 6

18 Covalent Compounds: Name Formula 1. Write the chemical symbol preceded by the number of atoms for each element represented in the chemical name. 2. Combine the symbols and write the appropriate subscripts. Name Symbol and quantity for first element Carbon monoxide Phosphorus pentachloride Sulfur hexafluoride Dinitrogen pentoxide Iodine trichloride Nitrogen monoxide Symbol and quantity for second element Formula

19 Naming acids Hydrogen with Group 17 nonmetals Hydrogen with Polyatomic ions -ide -ide -ate -ite -ic HCl Hydrogen Chloride ic Hydrochloric acid -ic HCN Hydrogen Cyanide ic Hydrocyanic acid -ic -ous HC 2 H 5 O 2 Hydrogen acetate ic Acetic acid HClO 2 Hydrogen chlorite ous Chlorous acid

20 Acids: formula name 1. Write down the names for the positive and negative parts of the compound. 2. Combine parts to determine chemical name. 3. Edit name based on rules for naming acids. Formula HCl Name of First Part Name of Second Part (-ide ending for 15,16,17, or give name of polyatomics) Name Acid name HF HC 2 H 3 O 2 H 2 SO 4 HNO 2 HClO 4

21 Acids: Name Formula 1. Edit the name base upon the rules for naming acids. 2. Write the chemical symbols for the positive and negative ions. 3. Switch charges to get subscripts and reduce to lowest terms. Name Symbol of Positive ion (charge based on group number) Symbol of Negative ion (charge based on the group or on the polyatomic ion) Formula Hydrobromic acid Hydroiodic acid Nitrous acid Sulfurous acid Chloric acid Phosphoric acid

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