Coordination Compounds. Suggested reading: Shriver & Atkins, Chapter 7
|
|
- Ambrose Thornton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 15 Coordination Compounds Suggested reading: Shriver & Atkins, Chapter 7
2 From last lectures: 3 classes of nanomaterials Alex Zettl with a carbon nanotube Metallic Nanoparticles Semiconducting Nanocrystals
3 Ligand Ligand Metal cluster Metal atom Nanoparticle Complex
4 1706: German paint maker Diesbach Prussian blue Cochineal Potash Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 + = The Great Wave off Kanagawa (1830)
5 Pigments are Coordination Complexes Colors of various coordination complexes
6 Photosynthesis
7 Photosynthesis Electron/oxygen transport in biology
8 Photosynthesis Photovoltaics Electron/oxygen transport in biology
9 Coordination Compounds Metal-ligand li compounds play crucial roles in photosynthesis, h Gratzel solar cells, chemotherapy, electron & oxygen transfer in biological processes, pigments & dyes, and catalysis Complex a a central metal atom or ion surrounded by a set of ligands a Lewis acid (central metal) & a Lewis base (ligands) Ligand an ion or molecule that an have an independent existence Coordination compound a neutral complex or an ionic compound in which at least one of the ions is a complex
10 Terminology Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ( ) chloride Donor atom: the atom in the ligand that bonds to the central atom Acceptor atom: the metal atom or ion that accepts electrons from the ligand Coordination number: number of ligands directly attached to the central metal. These ligands form the primary coordination sphere or inner sphere complex. Outer sphere complex: electrostatically-associated ligands, not directly bound to the central metal
11 Outer Sphere Complex probed via XRD CoCl 2 6H 2 O (Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate) : Contains the neutral complex [CoCl 2 (OH 2 ) 4 ] and two uncoordinated H 2 O molecules occupying well-defined positions in the crystal CoCl 2 6H 2 O Invisible ink, developed by potassium ferricyanide 3K +
12 Typical Ligands monodentate polydentate ambidentate
13 Ru-bpy, revisited bpy ligands are polydentate (attachment to the central metal can occur at each N) Polydentate ligands can produce a chelate (Greek for claw ): a complex in which a ligand forms a ring that includes the metal atom Ru-bpy dye is an effective stabilizer for semiconducting nanoparticles such as IrO 2, TiO 2 [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+
14 Dye Sensitized (Gratzel) Cell TiO 2 -bound Rubpy dye molecules act as the light harvester Electrons are injected into the TiO 2, flow to the collector electrode, and through the circuit to the counter electrode. the dye is regenerated by electron donation to the I3-/3I- redox couple (0.536V)
15 Dye Sensitized Photovoltaic Cell Energy Ti 4+/3+ Ligand π LUMO Goal of next 2-3 lectures: understand the bonding, electronic structure, and spectra of complexes Ru (II/III) (6 spin-paired electrons in d xy,d xz,d yz ) Absorption of UV-Visible radiation causes π π* and metal-toligand charge transfer electronic transitions
16 Consititution Three factors govern the coordination number of a complex: 1) The size of the central atom larger radii of atoms and ions lower and to the left of the periodic table favor high coordination numbers 2) Steric interactions between the ligands Bulky ligands result in lower coordination numbers, especially if the ligands are charged 3) Electronic interactions between the central atom or ion and the ligands
17 Consititution High coordination numbers: metal ion has a small number of valence electrons can accept more electrons from Lewis base ligands Low coordination numbers: right of d-block (metals are rich in electrons) Very high coordination numbers (10-12): large ions can accommodate many ligands
18 Low coordination number compounds: CN=2 Common C coordination i number 2 compounds are linear species of the group 11 ions (i.e., Cu+, Ag+) examples: [AgCl 2 2] -, dimethyl mercury, Au(I) complexes of the form L-Au-X (X is a halogen, L is a neutral Lewis base, such as a thioether or phosphine) HgMe 2 complexes with cysteine (an amino acid) to cross blood-brain barrier: Two-coordinate complexes often gain additional ligands to form 3 or 4 coordinate complexes CuCN CN appears to have CN=1, but in fact exists as linear Cu- CN-Cu-CN chains CN of Cu is 2
19 Low coordination number compounds: CN=3 Three-coordination is rare, but is found with bulky ligands, such as tricyclohexylphosphine MX 3 compounds, where X is a halogen, are usually chains or networks with ih a higher hih CN and shared ligands [Pt(PCy 3 ) 3 ], Cy=cyclo-C 6 H 11
20 Intermediate coordination number compounds CN=4 5 or 6: most important class of complexes CN=4, 5, or 6: most important class of complexes include vast majority of complexes that exist in solution include almost all of the biologically important complexes
21 Intermediate coordination number compounds CN=4 CN=4, 5, or 6: most important class of complexes include vast majority of complexes that exist in solution include almost all of the biologically important complexes Four coordination: tetrahedral complexes (T d symmetry) Favored over higher CN when the central atom is small and ligands are large L-L repulsions override advantage of forming more M-L Lbonds found with s and p-block complexes with no lone pair on the central atom, i.e.: [BeCl 4 ] 2-, [SnCl 4 ] oxoanions of metal atoms on the left of the d-block in high oxidation states, i.e.: [MnO 4 ] -, [CoCl 4 ] 2-, [NiBr 4 ] 2-
22 Intermediate coordination number compounds CN=4 CN=4, 5, or 6: most important class of complexes include vast majority of complexes that exist in solution include almost all of the biologically important complexes Four coordination: square planar complexes (D 4h symmetry) Rarely found for s & p block complexes abundant for d 8 complexes of the elements belonging to the 4d and 5s series metals: Rh +, Ir +, Pt 2+, Pd 2+, Au 3+ for 3d metals with d 8 configurations (Ni 2+ ), square planar is favored by ligands that form π bonds Found with ring ligands (porphyrins)
23 Intermediate coordination number compounds CN=4 CN=4, 5, or 6: most important class of complexes include vast majority of complexes that exist in solution include almost all of the biologically important complexes Four coordination: square planar complexes (D 4h symmetry) cis-[ptcl 2 (NH 3 ) 2 ] trans-[ptcl 2 (NH 3 ) 2 ] Isomerism: different spatial arrangements of the same ligands
24 Applications to Chemotherapy 1964: fundamental studies on growth of bacteria in solution subjected to an electric field between two Pt electrodes discovered that cells continued to grow in size, but stopped replicating traced to formation of Pt(II)(NH 3 ) 2 Cl : Rosenberg and colleagues find that cis-pt(ii)(nh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 injected into mice completely inhibits cancerous cell division 0._Boulikas,_ html
25 Applications to Chemotherapy therapy.org/ct/v5/b/html/40._boulikas,_ html
26 Applications to Chemotherapy The kink caused by chelation renders the DNA incapable of replication or repair. It also makes the DNA recognizable by high mobility group proteins that bind to bent DNA and target the molecule for death
27 Applications to Chemotherapy The trans platin molecule does not chelate with DNA p not bound for very long, and no geometric kink formed
28 Five-coordination Less common than 4 or 6 coordination Usually square pyrimidal or trigonal bipyrimidal energies of 5-coordinate complexes differ very little from each other often very fluxional l (can twist into different shapes) Active center of Myoglobin
29 Six-coordination Most common arrangement for metal complexes Found in s, p, d, and f-metal coordination compounds almost all are octahedral, but some can be trigonal prismatic Octahedral complex Trigonal prismatic
30 Higher coordination (CN=7-12) [Mo(CN) 8 ] 3- ML 8 dodecahedron ML 8 square antiprism ML 8 Cube
31 Polymetallic complexes Contain more than one metal atom Metal cluster: polymetallic complexes with direct M-M bonds Cage complexes: no M-M bond, only metals held together by bid bridging i ligands, i.e.: [Fe 4 S 4 SCH 2 Ph 4 ] 2- Cubic structure formed from 4 Fe atoms bridged by RS- ligands. FeS clusters generally serve as electron relays or long-range electron transfer pathways in molecules l can easily delocalize added electrons
32 Formation Constants Expresses the interaction strength of the incoming ligand relative to the strength of the solvent molecules as a ligand Concentration of the solvent (normally H 2 O) does not appear in the expression of K f, because it is taken to be constant in dilute solution and is ascribed unit activity [Fe(OH 2 ) 6 ] 3+ (aq)+snc - (aq) [Fe(SNC)(OH 2 ) 5 ] 2+ (aq)+h 2 O (l) K f 2 [Fe(SCN)(OH 2) 5 3 [Fe(OH ) ][SCN 2 6 ] ] - If K is large the incoming ligand binds more strongly than the If K f is large, the incoming ligand binds more strongly than the solvent
33
34 Stepwise Formation Constants If more than one ligand can be replaced, stefwise formation constants are used Usually, U K fn >K fn+1 [Hg(OH 2 ) 6 ] 2+ (aq)+cl - (aq) [HgCl(OH 2 ) 5 ] + (aq)+h 2 O (l) log K f1 =6.74 [HgCl(OH ) 5 ] (aq)+cl (aq) [HgCl 2 (OH 2 ) 4 ](aq)+h 2 O (l) log K f2 =6.48 [HgCl 2 (OH 2 ) 4 ](aq)+cl - (aq) [HgCl 3 (OH 2 )] - (aq)+3h 2 O (l) log K f2 =0.95 [HgCl 2 (OH 2 ) 4 ] [HgCl 3 (OH 2 )] -
Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry
Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry What is inorganic chemistry? Inorganic Chemistry Organimetallic Bioinorganic Organic vs Inorganic Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry Organic vs Inorganic Introduction
More informationChapter 21 Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
Chapter 21 Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry Some History In the 19 th century, chemists started to prepare colored compounds containing transition metals and other substances like ammonia,
More informationChapter 21 Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
Chapter 21 Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry Some History In the 19 th century, chemists started to prepare colored compounds containing transition metals and other substances like ammonia,
More informationRDCH 702 Lecture 4: Orbitals and energetics
RDCH 702 Lecture 4: Orbitals and energetics Molecular symmetry Bonding and structure Molecular orbital theory Crystal field theory Ligand field theory Provide fundamental understanding of chemistry dictating
More informationCoordination Compounds
Coordination Compounds 1. What is a coordination compound composed of? a. Metal Ion b. Ligand c. Counter Ion 2. What is a complex ion? The metal ion and ligand combination. 3. What is a counter ion? An
More informationChapter 21: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
Chapter 21: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry Mg, Cr, V, Co Pt Fe complexes O2 Mo and Fe complexes: nitrogen fixation Zn: 150 Cu, Fe: Co: B12 21.1 Transition Metals show great similarities within
More informationChapter 25 Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Part 1
Chapter 25 Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Part 1 Introduction The transition elements are defined as: those metallic elements that have a partially but incompletely filled d subshell or easily
More informationChapter 24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds. Lecture Presentation. Sherril Soman Grand Valley State University
Lecture Presentation Chapter 24 Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Sherril Soman Grand Valley State University Gemstones The colors of rubies and emeralds are both due to the presence of Cr 3+
More informationDownloaded from
1 Class XII: Chemistry Chapter 9: Coordination Compounds 1. Difference between coordination compound and double bond: Coordination compound A coordination compound contains a central metal atom or ion
More informationOrbitals and energetics
Orbitals and energetics Bonding and structure Molecular orbital theory Crystal field theory Ligand field theory Provide fundamental understanding of chemistry dictating radionuclide complexes Structure
More informationCBSE Class-12 Chemistry Quick Revision Notes Chapter-09: Co-ordination Compounds
CBSE Class-12 Chemistry Quick Revision Notes Chapter-09: Co-ordination Compounds Co-ordination compounds: a) A coordination compound contains a central metal atom or ion surrounded by number of oppositely
More informationCoordination chemistry and organometallics
Coordination chemistry and organometallics Double salt and Complex salt A salt that keeps its identity only in solid state is called a double salt. In solution they dissociate into component ions. E.g.:
More informationCHEMISTRY Topic #3: Colour in Chemistry Fall 2017 Dr. Susan Findlay See Exercises 12.1 to Fe 2 O 3 Cr 2 O 3 Co 2 O 3 TiO 2.
CdS Fe 2 3 Cr 2 3 Co 2 3 Ti 2 Mn 3 (P 4 ) 2 Fe 3+ Co 2+ Ni 2+ Cu 2+ Zn 2+ CHEMISTRY 1000 iron copper Topic #3: Colour in Chemistry Fall 2017 Dr. Susan Findlay See Exercises 12.1 to 12.3 Cr 2 3 Cu 2 Co
More information5.111 Principles of Chemical Science
MIT penurseware http://ocw.mit.edu 5.111 Principles of Chemical Science Fall 2008 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. 27.1 5.111 ecture 27
More informationTransition Metals and Coordination Chemistry. 1. In the transition metals section chemical similarities are found within a and across a.
Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry 1. In the transition metals section chemical similarities are found within a and across a. 2. What are 2 transition metals that have unique electron configurations?
More informationTransition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry Transition Metals Similarities within a given period and within a given group. Last electrons added are inner electrons (d s, f s). 20_431 Ce Th Pr Pa d U
More informationChemistry 201: General Chemistry II - Lecture
Chemistry 201: General Chemistry II - Lecture Dr. Namphol Sinkaset Chapter 23 Study Guide Concepts 1. In the transition metals, the ns orbital fills before the (n-1)d orbitals. However, the ns orbital
More informationChapter 21 Coordination chemistry: reactions of complexes
CHEM 511 chapter 21 page 1 of 7 Chapter 21 Coordination chemistry: reactions of complexes Reactions of Complexes Typically measure ligand substitution reactions in solution (usually water) Lability and
More informationIf you put an electron into the t 2g, like that for Ti 3+, then you stabilize the barycenter of the d orbitals by 0.4 D o.
Crystal Field Stabilization Energy Week 2-1 Octahedral Symmetry (O h ) If you put an electron into the t 2g, like that for Ti 3+, then you stabilize the barycenter of the d orbitals by 0.4 D o. Each additional
More informationTransition Metal Elements and Their Coordination Compounds
Fernando O. Raineri Office Hours: MWF 9:30-10:30 AM Room 519 Tue. 3:00-5:00 CLC (lobby). Transition Metal Elements and Their Coordination Compounds 2 Compounds. Naming and Geometry. 1 3 p.1046a 4 Fig.
More informationI. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) ] 2+, logk = [Cu(NH 3 ) 4 O) 4. ] 2+, logk = 8.9
Unit 9 COORDINATION COORDINA COMPOUNDS I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) 1. Which of the following complexes formed by Cu 2+ ions is most stable? (i) Cu 2+ + 4NH 3 [Cu(NH 3 ] 2+, logk = 11.6 (ii) Cu
More informationTransition Metal Complexes
2P32 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry Dr. M. Pilkington Lecture 4 - Transition Metal Complexes Transition Metal Complexes: Definitions and Terminology. Isomerism in Transition Metal Complexes: Structural
More informationComplexes. Commonly, transition metals can have molecules or ions that bond to them. These give rise to complex ions or coordination compounds.
Complexes Commonly, transition metals can have molecules or ions that bond to them. These give rise to complex ions or coordination compounds. Coordination Compounds Coordinate covalent bond both electrons
More informationChapter 23 Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
Chapter 23 Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry Many compounds of transition metals are colored (used in paints and to stain glass; produce color in gemstones). 23.1 The Transition Metals Most
More informationCh. 23: Transition metals and Coordination Chemistry
Ch. 23: Transition metals and Coordination Chemistry Learning goals and key skills: Determine the oxidation number and number of d electrons for metal ions in complexes Name coordination compounds given
More informationTopic 12 Transition Metals Revision Notes
Topic 12 Transition Metals Revision Notes 1) Introduction Transition metals have 4 characteristic properties: they form complexes, they form coloured compounds, they have more than one oxidation state
More informationChemistry 1B. Fall Lectures Coordination Chemistry
Chemistry 1B Fall 2013 Lectures 13-14 Coordination Chemistry 1 LISTEN UP!!! WE WILL ONLY COVER LIMITED PARTS OF CHAPTER 19 (940-944;952-954;963-970) 2 good reasons for studying coordination chemistry a
More informationCoordination Chemistry: Bonding Theories. Crystal Field Theory. Chapter 20
Coordination Chemistry: Bonding Theories Crystal Field Theory Chapter 0 Review of the Previous Lecture 1. We discussed different types of isomerism in coordination chemistry Structural or constitutional
More informationChemistry 1B. Fall Topics Lectures Coordination Chemistry
Chemistry 1B Fall 2016 Topics Lectures 17-18 Coordination Chemistry 1 LISTEN UP!!! WE WILL ONLY COVER LIMITED PARTS OF CHAPTER 19 (940-944;952-954;963-970) 2 good reasons for studying coordination chemistry
More informationChemistry 1B. Fall Lectures Coordination Chemistry
Chemistry 1B Fall 2012 Lectures 13-14 Coordination Chemistry 1 LISTEN UP!!! WE WILL ONLY COVER LIMITED PARTS OF CHAPTER 19 (pp. 933-937; 946-948; 958-966) [940-944;952-954;963-970] 7th 2 good reasons for
More informationTransition Metal Chemistry
APPLIED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Transition Metal Chemistry CHEM261HC/SS1/01 Periodic table Elements are divided into four categories Main-group elements Transition metals 1. Main-group
More informationTopics Coordination Complexes Chemistry 1B-AL, Fall 2016
Chemistry 1B Fall 2016 LISTEN UP!!! Topics Lectures 17-18 Coordination Chemistry WE WILL ONLY COVER LIMITED PARTS OF CAPTER 19 (940-944;952-954;963-970) 1 2 good reasons for studying coordination chemistry
More informationTransition Metal Chemistry and Coordination Compounds
Transition Metal Chemistry and Coordination Compounds Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1 Properties of the Transition Metals All transition metals
More informationTopics Coordination Complexes Chemistry 1B-AL, Fall 2016
Chemistry 1B Fall 2016 Topics Lectures 17-18 Coordination Chemistry 1 LISTEN UP!!! WE WILL ONLY COVER LIMITED PARTS OF CHAPTER 19 (940-944;952-954;963-970) 2 Page 1 good reasons for studying coordination
More information11/9/15. Intermolecular hydrogen bond: Hydrogen bond: Intramolecular hydrogen bond: Induced dipole moment, polarisability
Induced dipole moment, polarisability in electric field: Van der Waals forces Intermolecular forces other than covalent bonds or other than electrostatic interactions of ions induced d. moment µ * = α
More informationElectronic structure Crystal-field theory Ligand-field theory. Electronic-spectra electronic spectra of atoms
Chapter 19 d-metal complexes: electronic structure and spectra Electronic structure 19.1 Crystal-field theory 19.2 Ligand-field theory Electronic-spectra 19.3 electronic spectra of atoms 19.4 electronic
More informationUNIT 9 Topic: Coordination Compounds
UNIT 9 Topic: Coordination Compounds 1. State the postulates of Werner s theory of coordination compounds. Postulates: 1. Central metal ion in a complex shows two types of valences - primary valence and
More informationTopic 5 Transition Elements Revision Notes
Topic 5 Transition Elements Revision Notes 1) Introduction The d-block is the ten short columns in the middle of the Periodic Table. All of the elements in the d-block have their highest energy (outermost)
More informationBonding/Lewis Dots Lecture Page 1 of 12 Date. Bonding. What is Coulomb's Law? Energy Profile: Covalent Bonds. Electronegativity and Linus Pauling
Bonding/Lewis Dots Lecture Page 1 of 12 Date Bonding What is Coulomb's Law? Energy Profile: Covalent Bonds Electronegativity and Linus Pauling 2.1 H 1.0 Li 0.9 Na 0.8 K 0.8 Rb 0.7 Cs 0.7 Fr 1.5 Be 1.2
More informationAdvanced Inorganic Chemistry
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Orgel Diagrams Correlation of spectroscopic terms for d n configuration in O h complexes Atomic Term Splitting of the weak field d n ground state terms in an octahedral ligand
More informationThe d -Block Elements
The d-block Elements Introduction d-block elements locate between the s-block and p-block known as transition elements occur in the fourth and subsequent periods of the Periodic Table 2 d-block elements
More informationPeriodicity HL (answers) IB CHEMISTRY HL
Periodicity HL (answers) IB CHEMISTRY HL 13.1 First row d-block elements Understandings: Transition elements have variable oxidation states, form complex ions with ligands, have coloured compounds, and
More information2 electrons 2s 2 2p 6. 8 electrons (octet rule) 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10
Main Group and Transition Metal Chemistry: Reading: Moore chapter 22, sections 22.1, 22.6 Questions for Review and Thought: 14, 16, 24, 26, 30, 34, 36, 42, 48, 50, 58, 60. Key ncepts and Skills: definition
More informationCoordination compounds
Coordination compounds Multiple choice questions 1. In the complex formation, the central metal atom / ion acts as a) Lewis base b) Bronsted base c) Lewis acid d) Bronsted acid 2. The groups satisfying
More informationCHAPTER - 9 ORDINATION COMPOUNDS
CHAPTER - 9 CO-O ORDINATION COMPOUNDS Formulas for coordinationn compounds: Tetraamineaquachloridocobalt (III) chloride ---- [Co(NH 3 ) 4 (H 2 O) Cl]Cl 2 Potassium tetrahydroxozincate (II) ------- K 2
More informationQ.1 Predict what will happen when SiCl 4 is added to water.
Transition etals F325 1 The aqueous chemistry of cations Hydrolysis when salts dissolve in water the ions are stabilised by polar water molecules hydrolysis can occur and the resulting solution can become
More information489--Lectures 3 and 4. Fundamentals of Inorganic Chemistry
489--Lectures 3 and 4 Fundamentals of Inorganic Chemistry (with special relevance to biological systems) Some slides courtesy of Prof. Xuan Zhao (U. Memphis) and Prof. Yi Lu (U. Illinois) Fundamentals
More informationNanotechnology and Solar Energy. Solar Electricity Photovoltaics. Fuel from the Sun Photosynthesis Biofuels Split Water Fuel Cells
Nanotechnology and Solar Energy Solar Electricity Photovoltaics Fuel from the Sun Photosynthesis Biofuels Split Water Fuel Cells Solar cell A photon from the Sun generates an electron-hole pair in a semiconductor.
More informationCHEM1101 Worksheet 6: Lone Pairs and Molecular Geometry
CHEM1101 Worksheet 6: Lone Pairs and Molecular Geometry Model 1: Oxidation numbers Oxidation numbers are a useful accountancy tool to help keep track of electrons in compounds and reactions. This is particularly
More informationTransition Metal Chemistry
APPLIED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Transition Metal Chemistry CHEM261HC/SS1/01 Periodic Table Elements are divided into four categories Main-group elements (S-Block) Transition metals 1.
More informationChapter 25 Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Part 2
Chapter 25 Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Part 2 Bonding in Coordination Compounds Valence Bond Theory Coordinate covalent bond is between: completely filled atomic orbital and an empty atomic
More informationChemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 11. Chem 4631
Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 11 Molar Absorptivities Range 0 to 10 5 Magnitude of e depends on capture cross section of the species and probability of the energy-absorbing transition. e
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
982_4th_Exam_990623 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of these metals is not a transition element? A) Hg B) Zr C) Os D) Mo
More informationQ.1 Predict what will happen when SiCl 4 is added to water.
Transition etals 1 The aqueous chemistry of cations Hydrolysis when salts dissolve in water the ions are stabilised by polar water molecules hydrolysis can occur and the resulting solution can become acidic
More informationTransition Metals and Complex Ion Chemistry
Transition Metals and mplex Ion Chemistry Definitions mplex ion - a metal ion with Lewis bases attached to it through coordinate covalent bonds. A mplex (or ordination compound) is a compound consisting
More informationFrequency of scores on exam 2. Grade = n(right)/28 x 100
1 Frequency of scores on exam 2 Grade = n(right)/28 x 100 2 Photochemistry and biology Photons can be toxic (cause DNA bases to dimerize) Photons can be therapeutic: phototherapy Photons can track thoughts,
More informationMechanisms of Inorganic Reactions HS -26
Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions HS -26 A. Ligand Substitution Reactions Octahedral Co(III), Cr(III) Dissociative mechanism Square Planar Pt(II) Associative mechanism trans effect in Pt(II) complexes
More informationTransition Metal Chemistry
APPLIED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Transition Metal Chemistry CHEM261HC/SS1/01 Periodic table Elements are divided into four categories 1.Main-group elements 2.Transition metals 3.Lanthanides
More informationChapter 20 d-metal complexes: electronic structures and properties
CHEM 511 Chapter 20 page 1 of 21 Chapter 20 d-metal complexes: electronic structures and properties Recall the shape of the d-orbitals... Electronic structure Crystal Field Theory: an electrostatic approach
More information(1) Solvent interactions Water is a ligand itself so it can become involved in the chemistry: Overall reaction: [L 5 MX] + Y [L 5 MY] + X
(1) Solvent interactions Water is a ligand itself so it can become involved in the chemistry: Overall reaction: [L 5 MX] + Y [L 5 MY] + X 270 1.(slow) [L 5 MX] + H 2 O [L 5 M(H 2 O)] + X 2. (fast) [L 5
More information18-Jul-12 Chemsheets A
www.chemsheets.co.uk 18-Jul-12 Chemsheets A2 038 1 SECTIN 1 - INTRDUCTIN 1) ELECTRN STRUCTURE & DEFINITIN F TRANSITIN METALS 2s 3s 1s 2p 3p 1s 4s fills before 3d. 4s also empties before 3d. 4s 3d Give
More informationCrystal Field Theory
Crystal Field Theory It is not a bonding theory Method of explaining some physical properties that occur in transition metal complexes. Involves a simple electrostatic argument which can yield reasonable
More informationIsomerism - Stereoisomers
Isomerism - Stereoisomers 6 CN ; Octahedron, Triethylentetraamine H 2 N H N N H NH 2 No coplanar rings Two coplanar rings Three coplanar rings Isomerism - Stereoisomers Number of possible Isomers Isomerism
More informationElectronic structure / bonding in d-block complexes
LN05-1 Electronic structure / bonding in d-block complexes Many, many properties of transition metal complexes (coordination number, structure, colour, magnetism, reactivity) are very sensitive to the
More informationDirections: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions.
Directions: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions. 1. Kevin is listing the similarities between metallic and ionic bonds for a laboratory project. Which similarity regarding
More informationInorganic Chemistry with Doc M. Fall Semester, 2012 Day 16. Transition Metals Complexes: Structure and Isomers
Inorganic Chemistry with Doc M. Fall Semester, 2012 Day 16. Transition Metals Complexes: Structure and Isomers Topics: Name(s): Element: 1. Periodic trends and the transition metals 4. Polydentate ligands
More informationSHAPES OF EXPANDED VALENCE MOLECULES
228 SHAPES OF EXPANDED VALENCE MOLECULES There are five atoms bonded to the central phosphorus atom, and they will attempt to get as far apart as possible from one another! The top and bottom atoms are
More informationName: Period: Date: What Is VSEPR? Now explore the Compare Two Structures link. Try changing the display to explore different combinations.
Name: Period: Date: What Is VSEPR? Exploring The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model. Go to the Purdue University website to explore VSEPR theory. http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/vsepr/structur2.html
More informationSchedule. Lecture 7: M-M bonds δ-bonds and bonding in metal clusters
Schedule Lecture 7: M-M bonds δ-bonds and bonding in metal clusters Lecture 8: Rates of reaction Ligand-exchange reactions, labile and inert metal ions Lecture 9: Redox reactions Inner and outer-sphere
More informationTransition metals. This means that Scandium and Zinc are not Transition elements. It also explains why compounds of these are white and not coloured.
Transition metals A d - block element is found between Group 2 and Group 3 on the Periodic table. A Transition element is a d - block element that forms at least one ion with an incomplete d - sub shell.
More informationUNIT IX COORDINATION COMPOUNDS ( 3 : MARKS)
TEACHER ORIENTED UNIT IX COORDINATION COMPOUNDS ( 3 : MARKS) 1) Coordination compounds - introduction, 2) Ligands, 3) Coordination number, 4) Colour, 5) Magnetic properties and shapes, 6) IUPAC nomenclature
More informationCoordination Chemistry II: Bonding
d x2-y2 b 1g e g d x2-y2 b 1g D 1 t 2 d xy, d yz, d zx D t d d z2, d x2-y2 D o d z2 a 1g d xy D 2 d z2 b 2g a 1g e d z2, d x2-y2 d xy, d yz, d zx d xy b 2g D 3 t 2g e g d yz, d zx e g d yz, d zx 10 Coordination
More informationChapter 23. Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry ( 전이금속과배위화학 ) Lecture Presentation
Lecture Presentation Chapter 23 and Coordination Chemistry ( 전이금속과배위화학 ) John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO 1 Most metals, including transition metals, are found in solid
More informationThe d-block elements. Transition metal chemistry is d-orbitals/electrons
The d-block elements d-block elements include Sc-Zn, Y-Cd, a(or u)-hg. Transition metal chemistry is d-orbitals/electrons H&S, Fig 1.1, p. 15 Properties of transition metal ions are very sensitive to the
More informationChem 1102 Semester 2, 2011!
Chem 1102 Semester 2, 2011! 1) Naming Ligands: The normal chemical name is used unless the ligand is negatively charged in which cases o is used as the suffix. Name Formula Neutral Ligands Aqua H 2 O Ammine
More informationHandout IRTG, May Lectures overview. Ligands for metals
andout IRTG, ay 2009 Jan Reedijk. Leiden Institute of Chemistry Slide copies, stored as pdf; allowed for private use only. Bifunctionality in ligands and coordination compounds: application in design of
More informationCrystal Field Theory. 2. Show the interaction between the d-orbital and the negative point charge ligands
1. What is the crystal field model? Crystal Field Theory It is a model that views complex ions as being held together ionically (this is not actually the case, but it allows for a simplification of the
More informationInorganic Chemistry with Doc M. Fall Semester, 2012 Day 21. Transition Metals Complexes V: Reaction Mechanisms
Inorganic Chemistry with Doc M. Fall Semester, 2012 Day 21. Transition Metals Complexes V: Reaction Mechanisms Name(s): Element: Topics: 1. Substitution reactions: dissociative v. associative 4. Pseudorotation
More informationMAJOR FIELD TEST IN CHEMISTRY SAMPLE QUESTIONS
MAJOR FIELD TEST IN CHEMISTRY SAMPLE QUESTIONS The following questions illustrate the range of the test in terms of the abilities measured, the disciplines covered, and the difficulty of the questions
More informationWhat Should a Bonding Theory Explain? What Should a Bonding Theory Explain?
What Should a Bonding Theory Explain? In our intro have already outlined some of the properties of transition metal complexes. For a bonding theory to be effective it must address these points. You already
More informationChapter Molecules are 3D. Shapes and Bonds. Chapter 9 1. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Chapter 9 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 1 Shape 9.1 Molecules are 3D Angle Linear 180 Planar triangular (trigonal planar) 120 Tetrahedral 109.5 2 Shapes and Bonds Imagine a molecule where the
More informationChapter 14 Inorganic Chemistry
Chapter 14 Inorganic Chemistry Introduction Organic chemistry is based on the chemistry of carbon, so that leaves the chemistry of over 100 other elements to be characterized as inorganic chemistry. The
More informationGeneral and Inorganic Chemistry I.
General and Inorganic Chemistry I. Lecture 1 István Szalai Eötvös University István Szalai (Eötvös University) Lecture 1 1 / 29 Outline István Szalai (Eötvös University) Lecture 1 2 / 29 Lewis Formulas
More informationCHEM J-2 June 2014
CHEM1102 2014-J-2 June 2014 Compounds of d-block elements are frequently paramagnetic. Using the box notation to represent atomic orbitals, account for this property in compounds of Co 2+. 2 Co 2+ has
More informationName CHM 4610/5620 Fall 2017 December 14 FINAL EXAMINATION SOLUTIONS Part I, from the Literature Reports
Name CHM 4610/5620 Fall 2017 December 14 FINAL EXAMINATION SOLUTIONS Part I, from the Literature Reports I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Total This exam consists of several problems. Rough point values
More informationThe d -Block Elements & Coordination Chemistry
Chapter The d -Block Elements & ordination Chemistry Hill, Petrucci, McCreary & Perry 4 th Ed. The d-block Elements Groups 3-1 in the Periodic chart associated with the filling of the 3d, 4d, 5d electronic
More informationCoordination Number 2
Page 1 of 11 Coordination Numbers and Geometry Lecture 2. CHEM1902 (C 10K) Coordination Chemistry The total number of points of attachment to the central element is termed the coordination number and this
More informationSection 6 Questions from Shriver and Atkins
Section 6 Questions from Shriver and tkins 4.35 Remember, softness increases as you go down a group, and both Zn and Hg are in Group 12. Hg 2+ is a very soft acid, so it is only realistically able to form
More informationThe Transition Elements and Coordination Compounds
Chapter 22 The Transition Elements and Coordination Compounds Concept Check 22.1 Another complex studied by Werner had a composition corresponding to the formula PtCl 4 2KCl. From electrical-conductance
More informationChemistry 3211 Coordination Chemistry Part 3 Ligand Field and Molecular Orbital Theory
Chemistry 3211 Coordination Chemistry Part 3 Ligand Field and Molecular Orbital Theory Electronic Structure of Six and Four-Coordinate Complexes Using Crystal Field Theory, we can generate energy level
More information5.03, Inorganic Chemistry Prof. Daniel G. Nocera Lecture 15 Apr 11: Substitution Reactions and the Trans Effect
5.03, Inorganic Chemistry Prof. Daniel G. ocera Lecture 15 Apr 11: Substitution Reactions and the Trans Effect A substitution reaction is one in which an existing ligand on a metal center is replaced by
More informationChemical bonding in complexes of transition metals
Chemical bonding in complexes of transition metals Chem 202, Sept. 28, 2010 What are transition elements? Electronic structure of atoms Naming delocalized molecular orbitals: tetrahedral and octahedral
More informationProblem 1 (4 points) D2h. C2v. Part A.
Problem 1 (4 points) In 2004, a bimetallic Zr compound exhibiting side-on N2 binding was reported by Chirik and coworkers (Nature, 2004, 427, pp. 527-530). The crystal structure of this compound was obtained,
More informationIMPORTANT: Complete this section immediately.
School of Chemistry, Durban s CHEM261: APPLIED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Duration: 2 hours Total marks: 100 External Examiner: Internal Examiner: Dr M Bala University of KwaZulu- Natal
More informationAt the end of this lesson, students should be able to :
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to : (a) Explain Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory (VSEPR) (b) Draw the basic molecular shapes: linear, planar, tetrahedral, and octahedral.
More informationBonding in Coordination Compounds. Crystal Field Theory. Bonding in Transition Metal Complexes
Bonding in Transition Metal Complexes 1) Crystal Field Theory (ligand field theory) Crystal Field Theory Treat igands as negative charges (they repel the e- in the d orbitals deals only with d orbitals
More informationCrystal Field Theory
6/4/011 Crystal Field Theory It is not a bonding theory Method of explaining some physical properties that occur in transition metal complexes. Involves a simple electrostatic argument which can yield
More informationChap 24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds. Hsu Fu-Yin
Chap 24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Hsu Fu-Yin Gemstones Rubies are deep red and emeralds are brilliant green, yet the color of both gemstones is caused by the same ion Cr 3+ ions. Rubies
More informationQ.1 Predict what will happen when SiCl 4 is added to water.
Transition etals 2815 1 The aqueous chemistry of cations ydrolysis when salts dissolve in water the ions are stabilised by polar water molecules hydrolysis can occur and the resulting solution can become
More informationChapter 10 Practice Problems
Chapter 10 Practice Problems Q 10.1 0-1 -1-1 S +2 +2 S S +2 0-1 -1-1 0 C in S - 6 6 1 2 1 2 C in S = 6 4 1 4 0 2 C S 6 0 1 8 2 2 Q 10.2 Correct Answer: B Two oxygen atoms will have a formal charge of 1
More information