Investigation of Ag and Au Nanoparticles Assembly Using Dopamine Adhesive Layers in Solar Cells

Transcription

1 Investigation of Ag and Au Nanoparticles Assembly Using Dopamine Adhesive Layers in Solar Cells Group 5: Little Einsteins Malik Hughes, Diana Garcia, Krystal Diaz, Jasmine Aguiniga, Alejandra Macias, Bernardo Gomez

2 Outli ne Introduction Background information Hypothesis Specific objectives/ Conceptual approaches Experimental procedures Results and discussion/observation Conclusions and future outlook

3 Introduction Nanotechnology Test conductivity in solar cells Implementation of the Dip-Coating Method Adhesive Properties of Dopamine for the Gold and Silver nanoparticles.

4 Background Information A solar cell is a photovoltaic cell. It is generated by the excitation of photons. In this experiment TiO 2 will be used as an electrochemical sensor. Dopamine and a mixture of Au and Ag nanoparticles will be used to test in order to see if the solar cell will be more efficient.

5 Background Information Dopamine Dopamine is a neurotransmitter present in the body that can act as an adhesive Known to coat plastics or glasses, along with joining two substrates Able to absorb onto all surfaces and self-polymerize into thin hydrophilic films. Na nopa rticles Ability to absorb a wide range of spectrum light waves At a specific wavelength (frequency) of light, collective oscillation of electrons on the gold and silver nanoparticle surface cause a phenomenon called surface plasmon resonance resulting in strong extinction of light Frequency of light where this occurs is strongly dependant on the nanoparticles size, shape, surface

6 Hypothesi s If a mixture of silver and gold nanoparticles are coated with dopamine and incorporated in the solar cell after the dye layer, then the solar cell will be more efficient at absorbing more light, thus, producing more voltage.

7 Specific Objectives 1 Coat the silver and gold nanoparticles with the Dopamine and apply it to the solar cell

8 Specific Objectives 2 Mixture of gold and silver with Dopamine Dip-coat two glass slides with dopamine for 24 hours. Dip-coat one of the slides with the mixture of Au and Ag nanoparticles. Dip-coat the second glass slide with Au only.

9 Specific Objectives 3 Layering order to achieve conductivity of solar cell Test twice: One adding the Dopamine before the dye and the other adding the Dopamine after the dye.

10 Conceptual Approach Layering is used to coat other substances. Achieved by dip-coating slides onto substrates An approach to incorporate nanoparticles in the solar cell Layering was first used to coat the TiO 2 with dopamine. The dopamine was then coated with the dye. The dye was finally coated with the mixture of Au and Ag nanoparticles.

11 Experi m ental Procedure Tape two conductive slides and create titanium dioxide powder 3 ml of 1M acetic acid with 20 ml of DI water, mix until paste-like Create dye by smashing blackberries until liquid solution. Mix 5mL of DI water with liquid Spread titanium dioxide paste on glass slides, thin layer with spatula Heat slides to 450 Celsius for 30 minutes Cool for 10 mins

12 Experi m ental Procedure Create Dopamine solution 2mg of Dopamine per 1 ml of 10 mm and mix to dissolve Dip-coat one slide into the blackberry solution for 10 minutes then rinse Dip-coat the second slide with titanium dioxide in dopamine for 1 hour The slide with the dye, once rinsed, dip coat in dopamine for 1 hour

13 Experi m ental Procedure Take two other slides, tape and cover it with graphite using a graphite pencil Place graphite s lide and titanium dioxide together, leaving ⅛ of an inch out at both ends With two clips, clamp each side, keeping the slides together and leaving the center open. Take 4 drops of potassium iodide and place in-between slides Test voltage using multimeter with different light sources (ex. Room light, sun light, iphone flashlight)

14 Results and Discussion V cxv In the first image, the solar cell that was tested was the one that consisted of the addition of the dye first, then dopamine. It reached up to 380 millivolts when tested outside and 164 millivolts inside. In the second image, demonstrates the solar cell that had the dopamine applied first, then the dye. For this solar cell, it reached up to 314 millivolts and 143 millivolts. Image 1 Image 2 The results showed that the solar cell that had the dye added first, followed by the dopamine, was more effective.

15 Conclusion In experiment 1, the nanoparticles were mixed with dopamine, in a vial. It was concluded that experiment one did not work due to the increase of size of the nanoparticles.

16 Conclusion Experiment 2, consisted of dipcoating the dopamine and the mixture of Ag and Au nanoparticles, allowing them to sit for nearly 24hrs, expecting both, dopamine and mixture to form a thin layer on the glass slide. This experiment allowed us to determine that the mixture of gold and silver were better than gold nanoparticles alone

17 Conclusion: Experiment 2 Continued

18 Conclusion Experiment 3, the layering order was analyzed by controlling the time, when the dye would be incorporated, either before or after the dopamine. After testing both solar cells, the solar cell with the dye incorporated before the dopamine, had the highest voltage.

19 Conclusions Experience through proper research techniques Knowledge on solar cell techniques How to conduct a research proposal Team work Nanotechnology as a whole

20 Future Work Test silver nanoparticles for experiment 2 Use the proper conductivity glass slides

21 Ack now ledgem ents Northern Illinois University Promise Scholars Program National Science Foundation College of Engineering and Engineering Technology Dr. Hayman, Dr. Tahernezhadi, Liz Yee, Tracy Ash, & Chris Mitchell Dr. Korampally

22 References C, A., Dinesh, B., Sangari, M., Ramar, A., Umadevi, M., & Mayandi, J. (2015). Impact of carbon-fluorine doped titanium dioxide in the performance of an electrochemical sensing of dopamine and rosebengal sensitized solar cells. Retrieved May 27, 2016, from Catchpole, K. R., and Polman, A. (2008). Plasmonic solar cells. FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, 16. Ghosh, H., & Burgi, T. (2013). Adsorption of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles on Polyelectrolyte Layers and Growth of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: An In Situ ATR-IR Study. Retrieved May 26, 2016, from Kosich, Mikaela. (2016). Improving Solar Cell Efficiency with Modified Gold Nanoparticles. noparticlesbymikaelakosich/

23 References Lee, H., Dellatorre, S. M., Miller, W. M., & Messersmith, P. B. (2007, October 19). Mussel-Inspired Surface Chemistry for Multifunctional Coatings. Retrieved May 26, 2016, from Muduli, S., Game, O., Dhas, V., Vijayamohanan, K., Bogle, K.A., Valanoor, N., Satishchandra, B., and Ogale, B. (2012). TiO2 Au plasmonic nanocomposite for enhanced dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performance. Solar Energy, ( ). Yang, Fut Kuo., and Zhao, Boxin. (2011). Adhesion Properties of Self-Polymerized Dopamine Thin Film. The Open Surface Science Journal, 3, ( ).

24 Questions??