SUPPORTING INFORMATION. Preparation of colloidal photonic crystal containing CuO nanoparticles with. tunable structural colors

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1 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 215 SUPPORTING INFORMATION Preparation of colloidal photonic crystal containing CuO nanoparticles with tunable structural colors Chun-Feng Lai,* Yu-Chi Wang, Chia-Lung Wu, Jia-Yu Zeng, and Chia-Feng Lin Department of Photonics, Feng Chia University, Taichung 4724, Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 42, Taiwan *Corresponding authors: (Prof. Chun-Feng Lai) S1

2 Table S1. Overview of s to enhance the structural color of CPhCs. Method NPs Remarks Reference Polystyrene colloidal photonic crystal structures Copper sedimentation containing copper oxide (CuO) NPs present In this work (Cu) NPs tunable structural colors. Shear alignement opal powder with NPs powder Nanocasting centrifugation Vertical deposition by dip-coating Infiltration Vertical deposition by dip-coating Dip-infiltrating sol-gel Infiltration Co-assembly and infiltration Carbon (CB) NPs Porous CB Gold (Au) NPs Tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) and silver (Ag) NPs Polymeric photonic crystals doped interstitially at very low concentrations of were exhibited light absorb and scattering. PMMA colloidal crystal particles incorporating CB NPs can absorb and scatter light. Brilliant iridescent colors were clearly observed on the CB colloidal crystals, like natural black opals. Iridescent colloidal crystal coatings with variable structural colors were fabricated by incorporating into the voids of polystyrene colloidal crystals. A small quantity of CB added to the colloidal silica in n-propanol. The doping of CB into silica microspheres can absorb background and scattering light, resulting in vivid structural colors. Composite metallodielectric inverse opal films with Au-silica core-shell nanoparticles exhibit a distinct Bragg reflectance peak. Use of the modified three-dimensionally ordered macroporous film as a refractive-index sensor is demonstrated. A tunable electrochromic photonic crystal based on WO 3 inverse opal structure has been fabricated by polystyrene colloidal crystal templates. infiltrated polystyrene inverse opals, which not only preserve localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties, but also replicate photonic features from templates. The preparation s used inverse opal SiO 2 films containing highly dispersed, plasmonic AuNPs or AgNPs and having both Bragg diffractions and LSPRs S2

3 Table S2. Structural parameters for three PS CPhC films used in this study. Diameter, D PS (nm) Normal reflection peak (nm) A B C Figure S1. Photographs of 5. wt.% PS latex (sample B) with.,.5,.1, and.5 wt.% CuO NP content (from left to right). Figure S2. Raman spectrum of PS CPhC film and CuO film, respectively. Inset shows the optical image of PS CPhC film and CuO film. Intensity (arb. unit) Intensity (arb. unit) Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Wavenumber (cm -1 ) S3

4 Figure S3. Photographs of PS CPhC films prepared without and with..5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% A B C Figure S4. Reflection spectra of PS CPhC films without and with, showing sample A and sample C A.5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% C.5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% S4

5 Figure S5. Photographs of PS CPhC films prepared without and with through three months..5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% A B C Figure S6. Reflection spectra of PS CPhC films without and with through three months, showing sample A, sample B, and (c) sample C. (d) CIE chromaticity diagram of CuO PS CPhC films with different sample (A C) and CuO NP contents A through 3 months.5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% (d) A B C (c) B through 3 months 8.5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% C through 3 months 8.5 wt.%.1 wt.%.5 wt.% 6 4 (4) (3) (3) (4) (3) (4) S5