Chemistry Lab. Regina Zibuck

Transcription

1 Chemistry Lab Regina Zibuck

2 Description One or more tasks/experiments Answer questions involving the science processes of chemistry Kinetics Gases (new)

3 Routine Information Interpretation of experimental data (tabular and/or graphic) Observation of an experiment set up and running Computer or calculator sensors/probes Stoichiometry : mole conversions and percentage yield

4 Routine Information Nomenclature and formula writing - symbols and charges for the polyatomic ions by memory: nitrate, carbonate, phosphate, acetate, sulfate, ammonium, bicarbonate, and hydroxide ( ite forms of ates listed)

5 Safety Students must wear: Closed shoes Slacks or skirts that come to the ankles Lab coat or lab apron Long-Sleeved Shirt (if wearing a lab apron) Indirect vent or unvented chemical splash proof goggles. Eye protection C. Long hair must be tied back Gloves are optional

6 What Students Should Bring Safety gear Something to write with FIVE 8.5 X 11 sheets of paper (double sided, sheet protectors are allowed) TWO non-camera calculators

7 What the Supervisor Provides Everything the student will need This may include: Glassware Reagents Balances Hot plates Thermometers Probes Stirrers A periodic table and any constants

8 Changes for new topic & 1 old topic: Kinetics Gases

9 How to prepare participants Make sure students read the directions and pay particular attention to the description of the event (The Competition) Have them do many experiments together Have them determine their individual strengths Divide (and conquer) tasks during competition Check each other s work

10 How to Prepare Use a college level General (Freshman) Chemistry textbook Chemistry by Zumdahl and Zumdahl Start with a Prep-Gen Chem book if lower level background material needed Introductory Chemistry by Zumdahl

11 How to Prepare Kinetics Reaction rates Rate Laws The integrated rate law Reaction mechanisms Descriptive kinetics Catalysis

12 How to Prepare Gases The ideal gas law and all variations Boyle s Law Charles Law Avogadro s Law Collection of gas over water

13 Gases Other gas laws: Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures: The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the individual partial pressures of each gas in the mixture. P total = P 1 + P 2 + P 3 + Gay-Lussac s Law (the law of combining volumes): At a given pressure and temperature, the volumes of gases reacting with each other are in the ratios of small whole numbers.

14 Gases Determining the density of a gas: D = m/v = nm/v = PM/RT Determining the molar mass of a gas: M = DRT/P = mrt/pv Determining the partial pressure of a gas: P 1 = X 1 P total where X 1 is the mole fraction of a gas. X 1 = n 1 /n total

15 How to prepare Search for experiments that fit the topics Classic kinetics Classic gas laws

16 Kinetics Activities Students can perform iodine clock reactions to determine the effect of concentration on the rate of the reaction. Students can look at reactions that produce a gas and either use soap bubbles or a gas probe to determine the concentration of the gas. This reaction can look at the effect of varying concentration of reactants It can look at varying the temperature of either one of the reactants.

17 Kinetics Activities Students can look at the reaction of an acid with metal and see how the size of the metal effects the rate. Students can look at the breakdown of starch by salivary amylase to see the effects of a catalyst Students can look at the breakdown of fats by pancreatic lipase with and without bile salts

18 Kinetics Activities t Science, chemistry, kinetics

19 Gas Activities Determine the density of a gas Partial pressure of a gas Molar mass of a gas Relative rates of diffusion

20 Gas Activities Examine relationship between pressure and volume Examine relationship between pressure and temperature Examine relationship between temperature and volume

21 Gas Activities ubject Science, chemistry, gases

22 Scoring 50% Kinetics 50% Gases