Thickening with cationic surfactants

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1 Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry AB Technical information Thickening with cationic surfactants Liquid hard surface cleaners are available in a broad variety of different formulations meeting more or less completely different requirements. The vast number of today's products can be broken down into three categories: Acidic cleaners Bleach cleaners (alkaline, neutral or acidic) Alkaline cleaners (all purpose) Dec 7 (5) 1

2 More and more formulations are thickened to increase the contact time on inclined or vertical surfaces like toilet bowls, tile walls etc. The longer adherence, the better result on soil and limestone. Furthermore the higher viscosity of these products allows an improved control of dosage. Last but not least, thickened products promote high activity levels hence giving increased effectiveness. The guiding principle to understand the function of cationic surfactants as thickening agents is the model of rod micelle formation. Viscosity increase is due to chaotic worm like arrangement of molecules in solution. The longer the chain length of the hydrophobe the higher the viscosity. With small amounts of properly chosen desolubilising or solubilizing additives you can decrease the amount of cationic surfactant needed to achieve a certain viscosity level. Viscosity Viscosity Additives Conc of thickening agent Conc of thickening agent Thickening agents Ethomeen O/2, O/12LC Ethomeen T/12, T/12E Aromox T/12 Aromox 14D-W 97, B-W 5 Arquad Arquad T-5 Application Acidic cleaners Acidic cleaners Acidic cleaners, high alkaline cleaners, neutral cleaners Highly alkaline cleaners, hypochlorite cleaners Hydrogen peroxide cleaners, acidic cleaners Acidic cleaners, alkaline cleaners On the following pages we present thickening guidelines based on our products for different types of cleaners. Please note that if other components, i.e. fragrances etc, are added to a formula, the rheological behaviour could be affected. Dec 7 (5) 2

3 Formulations with HCl 5 3 1,2,4,6,8 1, 1% HCl (37%) 2% Ethomeen O/12LC or O/12 1% HCl (37%) 1,5% Ethomeen O/12LC or O/ Gel,5 1, 1,2 1,5 2, 1% HCl (37%) 1% Ethomeen T/12 or T/12E X% Aromox T/ % HCl (37%) 2% Aromox T/12 1.5% Arquad T-5,2,4,6 1, Dec 7 (5) 3

4 Formulations with phosphoric acid 8 Gel 6 1% Phosphoric acid (85%) 2% Ethomeen O/12LC or O/12 1.5% SXS** (4%),2,3,4,5,6 8 6 Gel 1% Phosphoric acid (85%) 3% Aromox T/12 1% SXS** (4%),8 1 1,1 1,2 1,4 Formulations with citric acid 6 5% Citric acid 3% Arquad T-5 X% SXS** (4%) 1,5 1,8 2 2,2 2,5 SXS (4%), % Dec 7 (5) 4

5 8 6 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 SXS (4%), % %,3%,4%,5%,6% 3% Citric acid 3% Ethomeen T/12E or Ethomeen T/12 X% SXS** (4%) Bleach cleaners Ingredient, % Water NaOCl Balance Hydrogen peroxide Balance Aromox B-W 5 3, Aromox 14D-W 97 4, Arquad , 4, Berol 175,1,1 Fatty Acid (Kortacid C7) 1, NaCl 3, NaCO 3 4, NaOH (1%) 1,,5 SXS** (4%) 1,5 1,5 Sulfamic Acid 3, NaOCl (15%) 8, 7, Hydrogen peroxide (3%) 16,7 16,7 Viscosity cp, Brookfield DV-1 Sp#34, 5 rpm ~35 ~45 ~35 ~ Dec 7 (5) 5

6 Alkaline cleaners Ingredient, % Water NaOH Balance Aromox T/12 2, Aromox 14D-W97 4, Arquad T-5 2, SXS** (4%) 1, 1, NaOH (1%) 2, 5, 5, Viscosity cp, Brookfield DV-1 Sp#34, 5 rpm ~ ~35 ~3 * Viscosity cp, Brookfield DV-1, Sp#34, 5 rpm ** SXS = Sodium Xylene Sulphonate Aromox Arquad Berol and Ethomeen are registered trademarks in many countries. All information concerning these products and/or all suggestions for handling and use contained herein are offered in good faith and believed to be reliable. Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry AB and its affiliates, however, make no warranty as to the accuracy and/or sufficiency of such information and/or suggestions, as to the products merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose, or that any suggested use will not infringe any patent. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as granting or extending any license under any patent. Buyer must determine for himself, by preliminary tests or otherwise, the suitability of these products for his purposes. The information contained herein supersedes all previously issued bulletins on the subject matter covered. The user may forward, distribute and/or photocopy this document only if unaltered and complete, including all of its headers and footers, and should refrain from any unauthorized use. You may not copy this document to a website. Dec 7 (5) 6