Aerosol submodel MADE: New developments

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Aerosol submodel MADE: New developments"

Transcription

1 Slide 1 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Aerosol submodel MADE: New developments Christopher Kaiser, Johannes Hendricks, Mattia Righi Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

2 Slide 2 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Motivation (Lauer et al., ACP, 2007; Righi et al., EST, 2011) Radiative forcing due to ship emissions - Order of magnitude: 2 several -100 mw/m (?) - large uncertainty - dominated by indirect aerosol effect pubs.acs.org

3 Slide 3 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Motivation (Lauer et al., ACP, 2007; Righi et al., EST, 2011) Radiative forcing due to ship emissions - Order of magnitude: 2 several -100 mw/m (?) - large uncertainty - dominated by indirect aerosol effect New MADE feature Consideration of coarse particle interactions more realistic description of the atmospheric aerosol influence on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration? pubs.acs.org

4 Slide 4 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE (Binkowski and Shankar, JGR, 1995; Ackermann et al., AE, 1998; Lauer et al., ACP, 2005) Calculation of number and mass concentrations

5 Slide 5 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE-in (Aquila et al., 2011) Calculation of number and mass concentrations

6 Slide 6 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE3 (Kaiser et al., in preparation, 2013) Calculation of number and mass concentrations

7 Slide 7 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE3 Processes 1. Chemical equilibration (Metzger et al., JGR, 2002; Metzger et al., ACP, 2006) NH3 NH4+ _ HNO3 NO3 _ HCl Cl SOA prec. POM H2O(a) Coarse particles: flux limit (similar to Pringle et al., GMD, 2010)

8 Slide 8 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE3 Processes 1. Chemical equilibration 2. Condensation of H2SO4

9 Slide 9 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE3 Processes 1. Chemical equilibration 2. Condensation of H2SO4 3. Nucleation from H2SO4/H2O (Vehkamäki et al., JGR, 2002)

10 Slide 10 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 The MESSy aerosol submodel MADE3 Processes 1. Chemical equilibration 2. Condensation of H2SO4 3. Nucleation from H2SO4/H2O 4. Coagulation

11 Slide 11 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. MADE Box model: emissions in marine background

12 Slide 12 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. PartMC-MOSAIC (Riemer et al., JGR, 2009; Zaveri et al., JGR, 2008) MADE3 PartMC-MOSAIC Aerosol representation modal, deterministic particle-resolved, stochastic Aerosol chemistry equilibrium, flux limited dynamical Target application 3D, global, longterm 0/1D, local, episodes

13 Slide 13 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. PartMC-MOSAIC Box model: emissions in marine background

14 Slide 14 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. PartMC-MOSAIC Box model: emissions in marine background

15 Slide 15 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. PartMC-MOSAIC Box model: emissions in marine background

16 Slide 16 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE in MESSy2 3D: reference run MESSy2 MESSy1

17 Slide 17 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE in MESSy2 3D: reference run MESSy2 MESSy1

18 Slide 18 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 To Do - Understand/Reduce MADE-observation discrepancies in MESSy2 - Implement MADE3 in MESSy2 (emissions partitioning, inclusion of HCl in simplified chemistry) - Gather observational data for evaluation (focus: marine boundary layer, coarse particles) - Test/Implement interactive aerosol couplings (radiation, clouds) Comments welcome!

19 Slide 19 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Thanks to: Valentina Aquila Nicole Riemer Patrick Jöckel Robert Sausen Axel Lauer Holger Tost Swen Metzger Rahul Zaveri and more colleagues at DLR

20 Slide 20 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Additional material

21 Slide 21 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Definition: Schwebteilchen in einem Gas(gemisch) Wichtige Prozesse: - Emission - Nukleation - Koagulation - Kondensation/ Verdampfung - Sedimentation - Auswaschen Brasseur, Prinn, Pszenny: Atmospheric Chemistry in a Changing World. Springer, 2003 Aerosole

22 Slide 22 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Aerosol chemistry: Kinetics 1. Gas diffusion to the particle 2. Transport through the interface 3. (Solvation in the liquid phase) 4. Diffusion within the particle 5. Reaction within the particle

23 Slide 23 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Aerosolrepräsentation in Klimamodellen: Der modale Ansatz Annahmen: - Lognormalverteilung für die Teilchenzahldichte in jeder Mode Nt dn = exp d ln D 2π ln σ ln D ln D g 2 ln σ 2 2 Dg: Median-Durchmesser (geometrischer Mittelwert) Nt : Teilchenzahldichte σ : Geometrische Standardabweichung - Gleiche Zusammensetzung für alle Teilchen einer Mode - Konstante Standardabweichung

24 Slide 24 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Klimawirkung des globalen Schiffsverkehrs: Aerosol-Effekte Forster et al., IPCC AR4 (WG1), 2007

25 Slide 25 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Stand der Forschung: Klimawirkung des globalen Schiffsverkehrs Aerosol, direkt Aerosol, indirekt Eyring et al., Atmos. Environ., 2010 Treibhausgase

26 Slide 26 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Stand der Forschung: Klimawirkung des globalen Schiffsverkehrs Standardkraftstoff Righi et al., Environ. Sci. Tech., 2011 schwefelarme Kraftstoffe

27 Slide 27 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Strahlungsantrieb gesamt Forster et al., IPCC AR4 (WG1), 2007

28 Slide 28 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Stand der Forschung: Klimawirkung des globalen Schiffsverkehrs Fuglestvedt et al., EST, 2009

29 Slide 29 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Aerosolrepräsentation in EMAC (am DLR): Prozesse in MADE(-IN) Lauer et al., ACP, 2005

30 Slide 30 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Aerosolrepräsentation in EMAC (am DLR): Integration von MADE(-IN) Axel Lauer

31 Slide 31 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. MADE Box model: emissions in marine background

32 Slide 32 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 vs. PartMC-MOSAIC Box model: emissions in marine background

33 Slide 33 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 in MESSy2 3D: reference run

34 Slide 34 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 MADE3 in MESSy2 3D: reference run

35 Slide 35 > MADE: New developments > C. Kaiser et al. ck_made_new_devel_ odp > June 14, 2013 Erste Ergebnisse: Boxmodelltests von MADE-IN 4 Testkonfigurationen: - urban - Hintergrund kontinental - marine Grenzschicht - freie Troposphäre

Analysis of radiative feedbacks in model simulations including interactive chemistry

Analysis of radiative feedbacks in model simulations including interactive chemistry Analysis of radiative feedbacks in model simulations including interactive chemistry Michael Ponater Simone Dietmüller Vanessa Rieger Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institute for Atmospheric

More information

Klimaänderung. Robert Sausen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen

Klimaänderung. Robert Sausen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen Klimaänderung Robert Sausen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen Vorlesung WS 2017/18 LMU München 7. Wolken und Aerosole Contents of IPCC 2013 Working

More information

Aerosol modeling with WRF/Chem

Aerosol modeling with WRF/Chem Aerosol modeling with WRF/Chem Jan Kazil University of Colorado / NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory WRF/Chem Tutorial, 3 August 2015 (WRF/Chem 3.7) Part I - Introduction Overview of... Aerosol Aerosol

More information

Testing MOSAIC aerosol scheme implemented in CESM and evaluation with observations

Testing MOSAIC aerosol scheme implemented in CESM and evaluation with observations Testing MOSAIC aerosol scheme implemented in CESM and evaluation with observations Zheng Lu, Xiaohong Liu University of Wyoming Rahul A. Zaveri, Balwinder Singh, Richard Easter, Phil Rasch Pacific Northwest

More information

The Sensitivity of Global Nucleation, CCN and Climate to SO2 and Criegee-Intermediate Chemistry

The Sensitivity of Global Nucleation, CCN and Climate to SO2 and Criegee-Intermediate Chemistry The Sensitivity of Global Nucleation, CCN and Climate to SO2 and Criegee-Intermediate Chemistry Jeff Pierce, Mat Evans, Cat Scott, Steve D'Andrea, Delphine Farmer, Erik Swietlicki and Dom Spracklen Pierce,

More information

Global aerosol modeling with MADE3 (v3.0) in EMAC (based on v2.53): model description and evaluation

Global aerosol modeling with MADE3 (v3.0) in EMAC (based on v2.53): model description and evaluation Global aerosol modeling with MADE3 (v3.0) in EMAC (based on v2.3): model description and evaluation J. Christopher Kaiser 1,a, Johannes Hendricks 1, Mattia Righi 1, Patrick Jöckel 1, Holger Tost 2, Konrad

More information

Progress on Application of Modal Aerosol Dynamics to CAM

Progress on Application of Modal Aerosol Dynamics to CAM Progress on Application of Modal Aerosol Dynamics to CAM Xiaohong Liu, Steve Ghan, Richard Easter, Rahul Zaveri, Yun Qian (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) Jean-Francois Lamarque, Peter Hess, Natalie

More information

Aerosols AP sizes AP types Sources Sinks Amount and lifetime Aerosol radiative effects. Aerosols. Trude Storelvmo Aerosols 1 / 21

Aerosols AP sizes AP types Sources Sinks Amount and lifetime Aerosol radiative effects. Aerosols. Trude Storelvmo Aerosols 1 / 21 Aerosols Trude Storelvmo Aerosols 1 / 21 Aerosols: Definition Definition of an aerosol: disperse system with air as carrier gas and a solid or liquid or a mixture of both as disperse phases. Aerosol particles

More information

1 Executive summary. 2 Research activities and results

1 Executive summary. 2 Research activities and results Title: 3D particle-resolved aerosol model to quantify and reduce uncertainties in aerosolatmosphere interactions Principal Investigator: Matthew West Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois

More information

The Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Ammonia

The Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Ammonia The Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Ammonia Russell Dickerson Dept. Meteorology, The University of Maryland Presented at the National Atmospheric Deposition Program Ammonia Workshop October 23, 2003

More information

Routing options to reduce aviation s climate impact

Routing options to reduce aviation s climate impact www.dlr.de Chart 1 Routing options to reduce aviation s climate impact Volker Grewe DLR-Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre & Chair for Climate Effects of Aviation, TU Delft Aerospace Engineering www.dlr.de

More information

Global ship track distribution and radiative forcing from 1 year of AATSR data

Global ship track distribution and radiative forcing from 1 year of AATSR data GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 34, L17814, doi:10.1029/2007gl030664, 2007 Global ship track distribution and radiative forcing from 1 year of AATSR data Mathias Schreier, 1,2 Hermann Mannstein, 2 Veronika

More information

Parameterization of the nitric acid effect on CCN activation

Parameterization of the nitric acid effect on CCN activation Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 879 885, 25 SRef-ID: 168-7324/acp/25-5-879 European Geosciences Union Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Parameterization of the nitric acid effect on CCN activation S. Romakkaniemi,

More information

Klimaänderung. Robert Sausen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen

Klimaänderung. Robert Sausen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen Klimaänderung Robert Sausen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen Vorlesung WS 2018/19 LMU München 3. Beobachtungen: Ozeane Contents of IPCC 2013

More information

EMISSIONS OF INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AS SEEN BY SATELLITES

EMISSIONS OF INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AS SEEN BY SATELLITES EMISSIONS OF INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AS SEEN BY SATELLITES H. Bovensmann (1), V. Eyring (2), K. Franke (1), A. Lauer (2), M. Schreier (1), A. Richter (1), J. P. Burrows (1) (1) University of Bremen, Inst.

More information

Impact of wind changes in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere on tropical ozone

Impact of wind changes in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere on tropical ozone Impact of wind changes in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere on tropical ozone Martin Dameris Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen

More information

climate change Contents CO 2 (ppm)

climate change Contents CO 2 (ppm) climate change CO 2 (ppm) 2007 Joachim Curtius Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Universität Mainz Contents 1. Summary 2. Background 3. Climate change: observations 4. CO 2 5. OtherGreenhouse Gases (GHGs):

More information

On-line Aerosols in the Oslo Version of CAM3: Some shortcomings. Seland,

On-line Aerosols in the Oslo Version of CAM3: Some shortcomings. Seland, On-line Aerosols in the Oslo Version of CAM3: Some shortcomings Trond Iversen,, Alf Kirkevåg, Øyvind Seland, Jon Egill Kristjansson, Trude Storelvmo,, Jens Debernard Norwegian Meteorological Institute

More information

Modelling the Chemical Composition of Particles and Needs for Improvements in Chemical Mechanisms

Modelling the Chemical Composition of Particles and Needs for Improvements in Chemical Mechanisms Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Modelling the Chemical Composition of Particles and Needs for Improvements in Chemical Mechanisms HSO 2 4 HNO 3 NO 2 sun O 3 O 2 O( 1 D) O NO OH

More information

Aerosol Basics: Definitions, size distributions, structure

Aerosol Basics: Definitions, size distributions, structure Aerosol Basics: Definitions, size distributions, structure Antti Lauri NetFAM Summer School Zelenogorsk, 9 July 2008 Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, University of

More information

New Insights into Aerosol Asymmetry Parameter

New Insights into Aerosol Asymmetry Parameter New Insights into Aerosol Asymmetry Parameter J.A. Ogren, E. Andrews, A. McComiskey, P. Sheridan, A. Jefferson, and M. Fiebig National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/ Earth System Research Laboratory

More information

Gas Particle Partitioning to OA

Gas Particle Partitioning to OA Gas Particle Partitioning to OA Advanced Atmospheric chemistry CHEM 5152 Prof. J.L. Jimenez Last updated: Spring 2017 1 Gas Phase vs Aerosol Compounds For monofunctional compounds, alkanes beyond C 20

More information

Impacts of aerosols in the CORDEX-Europe domain using the regional aerosol-climate model REMO-HAM

Impacts of aerosols in the CORDEX-Europe domain using the regional aerosol-climate model REMO-HAM Impacts of aerosols in the CORDEX-Europe domain using the regional aerosol-climate model REMO-HAM Armelle Reca C. Remedio (1), Claas Teichmann (1,2), Joni-Pekka Pietikäinen (3), Natalia Sudarchikova (1),

More information

Aerosol Dynamics. Antti Lauri NetFAM Summer School Zelenogorsk, 9 July 2008

Aerosol Dynamics. Antti Lauri NetFAM Summer School Zelenogorsk, 9 July 2008 Aerosol Dynamics Antti Lauri NetFAM Summer School Zelenogorsk, 9 July 2008 Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, University of Helsinki Aerosol Dynamics: What? A way to

More information

INTERACTIONS OF AEROSOLS AND GASES WITH CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION IN THE ONLINE-COUPLED REGIONAL CHEMISTRY-TRANSPORT MODEL COSMO-ART

INTERACTIONS OF AEROSOLS AND GASES WITH CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION IN THE ONLINE-COUPLED REGIONAL CHEMISTRY-TRANSPORT MODEL COSMO-ART INTERACTIONS OF AEROSOLS AND GASES WITH CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION IN THE ONLINE-COUPLED REGIONAL CHEMISTRY-TRANSPORT MODEL COSMO-ART Christoph Knote* and Dominik Brunner Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental

More information

A diagnostic interface for ICON Coping with the challenges of high-resolution climate simulations

A diagnostic interface for ICON Coping with the challenges of high-resolution climate simulations DLR.de Chart 1 > Challenges of high-resolution climate simulations > Bastian Kern HPCN Workshop, Göttingen > 10.05.2016 A diagnostic interface for ICON Coping with the challenges of high-resolution climate

More information

CHAPTER 8. AEROSOLS 8.1 SOURCES AND SINKS OF AEROSOLS

CHAPTER 8. AEROSOLS 8.1 SOURCES AND SINKS OF AEROSOLS 1 CHAPTER 8 AEROSOLS Aerosols in the atmosphere have several important environmental effects They are a respiratory health hazard at the high concentrations found in urban environments They scatter and

More information

Contrail cirrus and their climate impact

Contrail cirrus and their climate impact Contrail cirrus and their climate impact Ulrike Burkhardt DLR Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Wakenet Workshop, 28 June 10 Contrail formation Contrail formation Aircraft engines

More information

Arctic Chemistry And Climate

Arctic Chemistry And Climate 21 July 2016 Connaught Summer Institute 1 Arctic Chemistry And Climate Connaught Summer Institute 2016 William (Bill) Simpson Geophysical Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks

More information

Effect of aging on cloud nucleating properties of atmospheric aerosols

Effect of aging on cloud nucleating properties of atmospheric aerosols Effect of aging on cloud nucleating properties of atmospheric aerosols Yan Ma Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology The 1st Regional GEOS-Chem Asia Meeting 2015 年 5 月 8 日 Indirect effect

More information

Modeling of cloud microphysics: from simple concepts to sophisticated parameterizations. Part I: warm-rain microphysics

Modeling of cloud microphysics: from simple concepts to sophisticated parameterizations. Part I: warm-rain microphysics Modeling of cloud microphysics: from simple concepts to sophisticated parameterizations. Part I: warm-rain microphysics Wojciech Grabowski National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado parameterization

More information

Modelling aerosol-cloud interations in GCMs

Modelling aerosol-cloud interations in GCMs Modelling aerosol-cloud interations in GCMs Ulrike Lohmann ETH Zurich Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science Reading, 13.11.2006 Acknowledgements: Sylvaine Ferrachat, Corinna Hoose, Erich Roeckner,

More information

Assessing and understanding the role of stratospheric changes on decadal climate prediction

Assessing and understanding the role of stratospheric changes on decadal climate prediction MiKlip II-Status seminar, Berlin, 1-3 March 2017 Assessing and understanding the role of stratospheric changes on decadal climate prediction Martin Dameris Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut

More information

P = x i. P i. = y i. Aerosol and Aqueous Chemistry. Raoult s Law. Raoult s Law vs. Henry s Law. or C i. = HC i. = k H

P = x i. P i. = y i. Aerosol and Aqueous Chemistry. Raoult s Law. Raoult s Law vs. Henry s Law. or C i. = HC i. = k H The Great Smog Aerosol and Aqueous Chemistry Equilibrium Partitioning Oxidation and Oxidants Other Surface-driven Fogs in London were a common occurrence, but the events that began on the 5th of December

More information

Why is it difficult to predict climate? Understanding current scientific challenges

Why is it difficult to predict climate? Understanding current scientific challenges Why is it difficult to predict climate? Understanding current scientific challenges Akua Asa-Awuku October 22, 2009 Global Climate Change (GCC) Workshop University of California - Riverside Bourns College

More information

Description and evaluation of GMXe: a new aerosol submodel for global simulations (v1)

Description and evaluation of GMXe: a new aerosol submodel for global simulations (v1) Geosci. Model Dev.,, 9 4, www.geosci-model-dev.net//9// doi:.594/gmd--9 Author(s). CC Attribution. License. Geoscientific Model Development Description and evaluation of GMXe: a new aerosol submodel for

More information

BLACK CARBON MIXING STATE IMPACTS ON AEROSOL ACTIVATION INVESTIGATIONS USING PARTICLE-RESOLVED MODEL SIMULATIONS PING PUI CHING DISSERTATION

BLACK CARBON MIXING STATE IMPACTS ON AEROSOL ACTIVATION INVESTIGATIONS USING PARTICLE-RESOLVED MODEL SIMULATIONS PING PUI CHING DISSERTATION BLACK CARBON MIXING STATE IMPACTS ON AEROSOL ACTIVATION INVESTIGATIONS USING PARTICLE-RESOLVED MODEL SIMULATIONS BY PING PUI CHING DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

More information

Aerosol Effects on Water and Ice Clouds

Aerosol Effects on Water and Ice Clouds Aerosol Effects on Water and Ice Clouds Ulrike Lohmann Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N. S., Canada Contributions from Johann Feichter, Johannes Hendricks,

More information

J. Schneider & Chr. Voigt - Physics and Chemistry of Aerosols and Ice Clouds

J. Schneider & Chr. Voigt - Physics and Chemistry of Aerosols and Ice Clouds Chapter 8 Contrails and contrail cirrus 8.1 Introduction - Terminology 8.2 Contrail formation conditions 8.3 Heterogeneous nucleation on volatile aerosol and soot 8.4 Indirect effect of soot on cirrus

More information

Inconsistency of ammonium-sulfate aerosol ratios with thermodynamic models in the eastern US: a possible role of organic aerosol

Inconsistency of ammonium-sulfate aerosol ratios with thermodynamic models in the eastern US: a possible role of organic aerosol Inconsistency of ammonium-sulfate aerosol ratios with thermodynamic models in the eastern US: a possible role of organic aerosol Rachel Silvern AGU Fall Meeting December 15, 2016 with Daniel Jacob 1, Patrick

More information

Updated H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O binary homogeneous nucleation look-up tables

Updated H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O binary homogeneous nucleation look-up tables Click Here for Full Article JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 113,, doi:10.1029/2008jd010527, 2008 Updated H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O binary homogeneous nucleation look-up tables Fangqun Yu 1 Received 2 June

More information

Convective Structures in Clear-Air Echoes seen by a Weather Radar

Convective Structures in Clear-Air Echoes seen by a Weather Radar Convective Structures in Clear-Air Echoes seen by a Weather Radar Martin Hagen Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Weather Radar Weather radar are normally used to locate

More information

Climate Modeling Issues at GFDL on the Eve of AR5

Climate Modeling Issues at GFDL on the Eve of AR5 Climate Modeling Issues at GFDL on the Eve of AR5 Leo Donner, Chris Golaz, Yi Ming, Andrew Wittenberg, Bill Stern, Ming Zhao, Paul Ginoux, Jeff Ploshay, S.J. Lin, Charles Seman CPPA PI Meeting, 29 September

More information

Detection of young contrails selected results from the CONCERT (CONtrail and Cirrus ExpeRimenT) campaign

Detection of young contrails selected results from the CONCERT (CONtrail and Cirrus ExpeRimenT) campaign TAC-2 Proceedings, June 22 nd to 25 th, 2009, Aachen and Maastricht 57 Detection of young contrails selected results from the CONCERT (CONtrail and Cirrus ExpeRimenT) campaign C. Voigt *, **, U. Schumann,

More information

Can feedback analysis be used to uncover the physical origin of climate sensitivity and efficacy differences?

Can feedback analysis be used to uncover the physical origin of climate sensitivity and efficacy differences? Clim Dyn (2017) 49:2831 2844 DOI 10.1007/s00382-016-3476-x Can feedback analysis be used to uncover the physical origin of climate sensitivity and efficacy differences? Vanessa S. Rieger 1 Simone Dietmüller

More information

Fully coupled aerosol-radiationinteraction

Fully coupled aerosol-radiationinteraction Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Fully coupled aerosol-radiationinteraction with LM-ART D. Bäumer, B. Vogel, H. Vogel, T. Stanelle, R. Rinke, M. Bangert, Ch. Kottmeier Langen,

More information

Aerosol_cci Phase 2 Aerosol_cci achievements What data sets are being produced How will they be used

Aerosol_cci Phase 2 Aerosol_cci achievements What data sets are being produced How will they be used Aerosol_cci Phase 2 Aerosol_cci achievements What data sets are being produced How will they be used Gerrit de Leeuw (FMI & UHEL), Thomas Holzer-Popp (DLR), & the Aerosol_cci team Overview algorithm version

More information

AEROCOM-Workshop,Paris, June 2-3, model. Øyvind Seland; Alf Kirkevåg

AEROCOM-Workshop,Paris, June 2-3, model. Øyvind Seland; Alf Kirkevåg An AGCM operated at University of Oslo (UiO) Norway Øyvind Seland; Alf Kirkevåg AEROCOM-Workshop,Paris, June 2-3, 2003 by Kirkevåg; Jón Egill Kristjánsson; ; Trond Iversen Basic: NCAR-CCM3.2 CCM3.2 (Kiehl,et

More information

Concept of the chemical potential and the activity of elements

Concept of the chemical potential and the activity of elements Concept of the chemical potential and the activity of elements Gibb s free energy, G is function of temperature, T, pressure, P and amount of elements, n, n dg G G (T, P, n, n ) t particular temperature

More information

2. Sketch a plot of R vs. z. Comment on the shape. Explain physically why R(z) has a maximum in the atmospheric column.

2. Sketch a plot of R vs. z. Comment on the shape. Explain physically why R(z) has a maximum in the atmospheric column. 190 PROBLEMS 10. 1 Shape of the ozone layer Consider a beam of solar radiation of wavelength λ propagating downward in the vertical direction with an actinic flux I at the top of the atmosphere. Assume

More information

Lessons learnt from field experiments: Inspection of the ALPEX-PYREX-MAP-COPS chain Atlanta/Boulder 19 Jan 2010

Lessons learnt from field experiments: Inspection of the ALPEX-PYREX-MAP-COPS chain Atlanta/Boulder 19 Jan 2010 Lessons learnt from field experiments: Inspection of the ALPEX-PYREX-MAP-COPS chain Atlanta/Boulder 19 Jan 2010 Hans Volkert Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre

More information

The role of dust on cloud-precipitation cycle

The role of dust on cloud-precipitation cycle UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS SCHOOL OF PHYSICS, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENT AND METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC MODELING AND WEATHER FORECASTING GROUP The role of dust on cloud-precipitation cycle Stavros Solomos, George

More information

Probabilistic Wake Vortex Decay Model Predictions Compared with Observations of Four Field Measurement Campaigns

Probabilistic Wake Vortex Decay Model Predictions Compared with Observations of Four Field Measurement Campaigns Probabilistic Wake Vortex Decay Model Predictions Compared with Observations of Four Field Measurement Campaigns Frank Holzäpfel Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre,, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen,, Germany P2P

More information

Global transport of POPs: the role of aerosol particles

Global transport of POPs: the role of aerosol particles Global transport of POPs: the role of aerosol particles Sunling Gong Air Quality Research Division Persistent Organic Pollutants Organic chemical compounds and mixtures that include industrial chemicals

More information

Tropospheric Ozone from GOME_2 also in combination with other stratospheric ozone measurements

Tropospheric Ozone from GOME_2 also in combination with other stratospheric ozone measurements Tropospheric Ozone from GOME_2 also in combination with other stratospheric ozone measurements Klaus-Peter Heue 1, Melanie Coldewey-Egbers 1, Andy Delcloo 2, Christophe Lerot 3, Diego Loyola 1, Pieter

More information

Effects of Galactic Cosmic Rays on the Atmosphere and Climate. Jón Egill Kristjánsson, Univ. Oslo

Effects of Galactic Cosmic Rays on the Atmosphere and Climate. Jón Egill Kristjánsson, Univ. Oslo Effects of Galactic Cosmic Rays on the Atmosphere and Climate Jón Egill Kristjánsson, Univ. Oslo Overview of talk Hypotheses for Coupling between Galactic Cosmic Rays and Climate Observational studies

More information

Response to Referee 2

Response to Referee 2 Response to Referee 2 S. Metzger et al. 10 August 2018 We thank the referee for the manuscript review. Please find our pointby-point reply below. Accordingly, the revised MS will include clarifications.

More information

Recent Climate History - The Instrumental Era.

Recent Climate History - The Instrumental Era. 2002 Recent Climate History - The Instrumental Era. Figure 1. Reconstructed surface temperature record. Strong warming in the first and late part of the century. El Ninos and major volcanic eruptions are

More information

Slides partly by Antti Lauri and Hannele Korhonen. Liquid or solid particles suspended in a carrier gas Described by their

Slides partly by Antti Lauri and Hannele Korhonen. Liquid or solid particles suspended in a carrier gas Described by their Atmospheric Aerosols Slides partly by Antti Lauri and Hannele Korhonen Aerosol particles Liquid or solid particles suspended in a carrier gas Described by their Size Concentration - Number - Surface -

More information

Global model simulations of the impact of ocean-going ships on aerosols, clouds, and the radiation budget

Global model simulations of the impact of ocean-going ships on aerosols, clouds, and the radiation budget Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 5061 5079, 2007 Author(s) 2007. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Global model simulations of the impact of ocean-going ships

More information

Introduction to aerosol modeling with WRF/Chem

Introduction to aerosol modeling with WRF/Chem Introduction to aerosol modeling with WRF/Chem Jan Kazil University of Colorado/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Outline 1. Aerosols in the atmosphere: Sources Processes Interaction with

More information

Clouds, Haze, and Climate Change

Clouds, Haze, and Climate Change Clouds, Haze, and Climate Change Jim Coakley College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Earth s Energy Budget and Global Temperature Incident Sunlight 340 Wm -2 Reflected Sunlight 100 Wm -2 Emitted Terrestrial

More information

Prediction of cirrus clouds in GCMs

Prediction of cirrus clouds in GCMs Prediction of cirrus clouds in GCMs Bernd Kärcher, Ulrike Burkhardt, Klaus Gierens, and Johannes Hendricks DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234 Wessling, Germany bernd.kaercher@dlr.de

More information

IPCC AR5: Projections, predictions and progress since AR4

IPCC AR5: Projections, predictions and progress since AR4 IPCC AR5: Projections, predictions and progress since AR4 Gerald A. Meehl National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA The IPCC AR5 Working Group One report, finalized in late-september

More information

Differences in the aerosol indirect effect between simulations with GEOS-Chem Bulk and TOMAS. Jack Kodros & Jeff Pierce

Differences in the aerosol indirect effect between simulations with GEOS-Chem Bulk and TOMAS. Jack Kodros & Jeff Pierce Differences in the aerosol indirect effect between simulations with GEOS-Chem Bulk and TOMAS Jack Kodros & Jeff Pierce Aerosol representation in models: predict size distribution or scale size distribution

More information

Aerosols-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in the Climate System. Meinrat O. Andreae Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz, Germany

Aerosols-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in the Climate System. Meinrat O. Andreae Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz, Germany Aerosols-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in the Climate System Meinrat O. Andreae Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz, Germany The global annual mean Earth s energy budget for 2000-2004 (W m 2 ).

More information

Based on: Csizmadia, Pasternacki, Dreyer, Cabrera, Erikson, Rauer: A&A 549, A9 (2013) and Csizmadia et al. (2013) in prep.

Based on: Csizmadia, Pasternacki, Dreyer, Cabrera, Erikson, Rauer: A&A 549, A9 (2013) and Csizmadia et al. (2013) in prep. The effect of stellar activity and limb-darkening on the precision of planet radii Sz. Csizmadia, J. Cabrera, H. Rauer, A. Erikson, C. Dreyer, Th. Pasternacki Based on: Csizmadia, Pasternacki, Dreyer,

More information

Name of research institute or organization: Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Umweltmineralogie

Name of research institute or organization: Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Umweltmineralogie Name of research institute or organization: Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Umweltmineralogie Title of project: In-situ environmental scanning electron microscopic

More information

State-of-the-science in aerosol-climate models Current and future science with UKCA aerosol

State-of-the-science in aerosol-climate models Current and future science with UKCA aerosol School of Earth and Environment INSTITUTE FOR CLIMATE & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE State-of-the-science in aerosol-climate models Current and future science with UKCA aerosol Graham Mann (NCAS-climate, University

More information

Infrared remote sensing of atmospheres of Earth-like planets

Infrared remote sensing of atmospheres of Earth-like planets Infrared remote sensing of atmospheres of Earth-like planets Feasibility of Atmospheric Retrievals Betreuer: Franz Schreier Abteilung: Atmosphärenprozessoren Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen-Weßling,

More information

A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry

A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry BOREAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH 8: 43 424 ISSN 239-695 Helsinki December 23 23 A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry Harri Kokkola ), Sami Romakkaniemi ), Markku

More information

Exam 2: Cloud Physics April 16, 2008 Physical Meteorology Questions 1-10 are worth 5 points each. Questions are worth 10 points each.

Exam 2: Cloud Physics April 16, 2008 Physical Meteorology Questions 1-10 are worth 5 points each. Questions are worth 10 points each. Exam : Cloud Physics April, 8 Physical Meteorology 344 Name Questions - are worth 5 points each. Questions -5 are worth points each.. Rank the concentrations of the following from lowest () to highest

More information

APPLICATION OF KOHLER THEORY: MODELING CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI ACTIVITY

APPLICATION OF KOHLER THEORY: MODELING CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI ACTIVITY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 APPLICATION OF KOHLER THEORY: MODELING CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI ACTIVITY Gavin Cornwell, Katherine Nadler, Alex Nguyen, and Steven Schill Department of

More information

CONTRAILS FROM (A)ATSR(2) DATA

CONTRAILS FROM (A)ATSR(2) DATA CONTRAILS FROM (A)ATSR(2) DATA Hermann Mannstein and Rüdiger Büll Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, 82230 Wessling, Germany ABSTRACT/RESUME The DLR contrail detection algorithm

More information

Aerosols and Cloud Interactions. Bill Collins Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley

Aerosols and Cloud Interactions. Bill Collins Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley Aerosols and Cloud Interactions Bill Collins Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley Outline Aerosol / Cloud Interactions circa IPCC AR5 Implications of interaction uncertainties for climate projections Progress

More information

Role of atmospheric aerosol concentration on deep convective precipitation: Cloud-resolving model simulations

Role of atmospheric aerosol concentration on deep convective precipitation: Cloud-resolving model simulations Role of atmospheric aerosol concentration on deep convective precipitation: Cloud-resolving model simulations Wei-Kuo Tao,1 Xiaowen Li,1,2 Alexander Khain,3 Toshihisa Matsui,1,2 Stephen Lang,4 and Joanne

More information

INCA, relative humidities, TROCCINOX / HIBISCUS

INCA, relative humidities, TROCCINOX / HIBISCUS INCA, relative humidities, TROCCINOX / HIBISCUS Ulrich Schumann, DLR,, Oberpfaffenhofen 1 2 Air Traffic and the Environment Emissions, Contrails and Climate Impact IPCC assessment of aviation impact on

More information

Content. A new algorithm combining geostatistics with the surrogate data approach. Problem. Motivation. Cloud structure - nonlinear

Content. A new algorithm combining geostatistics with the surrogate data approach. Problem. Motivation. Cloud structure - nonlinear A new algorithm combining geostatistics with the surrogate data approach Victor Venema, Ralf Lindau, Tamas Varnai and Clemens Simmer Motivation Content Constrained simulation Combing surrogate and kriging

More information

UKCA_RADAER Aerosol-radiation interactions

UKCA_RADAER Aerosol-radiation interactions UKCA_RADAER Aerosol-radiation interactions Nicolas Bellouin UKCA Training Workshop, Cambridge, 8 January 2015 University of Reading 2014 n.bellouin@reading.ac.uk Lecture summary Why care about aerosol-radiation

More information

Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interaction: A Case Study from the Indian Ocean. Sagnik Dey

Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interaction: A Case Study from the Indian Ocean. Sagnik Dey Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interaction: A Case Study from the Indian Ocean Sagnik Dey Centre for Atmospheric Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Delhi sagnik@cas.iitd.ac.in Content Background and Motivation

More information

Comparing Modal and Sectional Approaches in Modeling Particulate Matter in Northern California

Comparing Modal and Sectional Approaches in Modeling Particulate Matter in Northern California Comparing Modal and Sectional Approaches in Modeling Particulate Matter in Northern California K. Max Zhang* [1], Jinyou Liang [2], Anthony S. Wexler [1], and Ajith Kaduwela [1,2] 1. University of California,

More information

Atmospheric Aerosols I. Business Items

Atmospheric Aerosols I. Business Items Atmospheric Aerosols I Required reading: Jacob Chapter 8 Atmospheric chemistry ATOC-5151 / CHEM-5151 Spring 2013 Prof. J.L. Jimenez Some slides adapted from lectures from Qi Zhang, Daniel Jacob, and Sergey

More information

Characterizing the role of diabatic processes for the modification of mid-latitude Rossby waves and Jetstream winds

Characterizing the role of diabatic processes for the modification of mid-latitude Rossby waves and Jetstream winds Characterizing the role of diabatic processes for the modification of mid-latitude Rossby waves and Jetstream winds Andreas Schäfler 1, George Craig 2, Andreas Dörnbrack 1, Florian Harnisch 4, Uwe Marksteiner

More information

A HIGH RESOLUTION EUROPEAN CLOUD CLIMATOLOGY FROM 15 YEARS OF NOAA/AVHRR DATA

A HIGH RESOLUTION EUROPEAN CLOUD CLIMATOLOGY FROM 15 YEARS OF NOAA/AVHRR DATA A HIGH RESOLUTION EUROPEAN CLOUD CLIMATOLOGY FROM 15 YEARS OF NOAA/AVHRR DATA R. Meerkötter 1, G. Gesell 2, V. Grewe 1, C. König 1, S. Lohmann 1, H. Mannstein 1 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt

More information

Sungsu Park, Chris Bretherton, and Phil Rasch

Sungsu Park, Chris Bretherton, and Phil Rasch Improvements in CAM5 : Moist Turbulence, Shallow Convection, and Cloud Macrophysics AMWG Meeting Feb. 10. 2010 Sungsu Park, Chris Bretherton, and Phil Rasch CGD.NCAR University of Washington, Seattle,

More information

Short-Term Weather Forecasting for Probabilistic Wake-Vortex Prediction

Short-Term Weather Forecasting for Probabilistic Wake-Vortex Prediction Short-Term Weather Forecasting for Probabilistic Wake-Vortex Prediction Frank Holzäpfel Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Summary

More information

Polarization lidar: Corrections of instrumental effects

Polarization lidar: Corrections of instrumental effects Polarization lidar: Corrections of instrumental effects Jens Biele Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Potsdam, Germany; now at Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),

More information

model to data comparison over Europe for year 2001

model to data comparison over Europe for year 2001 Model Model by model to for year 2001 Model to CEREA (joint laboratory ENPC & EdF) Friday 15 September 2006 Model Air quality modeling (PAM project, PRIMEQUAL-PREDIT). Transboundary pollution, transfer

More information

Global radiative forcing from contrail cirrus

Global radiative forcing from contrail cirrus Global radiative forcing from contrail cirrus : Nature Climate Change : Nature Publishing...Page 1 of 15 nature.com Sitemap Log In Register Archive 2011 April Articles NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE ARTICLE Article

More information

Scientific Challenges in Climate Modelling

Scientific Challenges in Climate Modelling Scientific Challenges in Climate Modelling Jochem Marotzke Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie KlimaCampus, Hamburg Outline 1. HPC requirements by climate modelling 2. Example of high-resolution climate

More information

Leo Donner GFDL/NOAA, Princeton University. EGU, Vienna, 18 April 2016

Leo Donner GFDL/NOAA, Princeton University. EGU, Vienna, 18 April 2016 Cloud Dynamical Controls on Climate Forcing by Aerosol-Cloud Interactions: New Insights from Observations, High- Resolution Models, and Parameterizations Leo Donner GFDL/NOAA, Princeton University EGU,

More information

OBSERVING CIRRUS FORMATION AND DECAY WITH METEOSAT

OBSERVING CIRRUS FORMATION AND DECAY WITH METEOSAT OBSERVING CIRRUS FORMATION AND DECAY WITH METEOSAT Hermann Mannstein, Kaspar Graf, Stephan Kox, Bernhard Mayer and Ulrich Schumann Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt,

More information

Photo courtesy National Geographic

Photo courtesy National Geographic Welcome to the Polar Climate WG! Quick update: 1. CSL proposal (~85% allocation awarded, 16 month POP starts October 1) 2. All NCAR CMIP5 data on ESG within next month 3. Observational needs/uses living

More information

New Particle Formation in the UT/LS:

New Particle Formation in the UT/LS: New Particle Formation in the UT/LS: Project Overview and Preliminary Results Li-Hao Young 1, David Benson 1, William Montanaro 1, James C. Wilson 2, and Shan-Hu Lee 1 1 Kent State University 2 University

More information

A hierarchy of one- and two-moment microphysical parameterizations in the COSMO model

A hierarchy of one- and two-moment microphysical parameterizations in the COSMO model Deutscher Wetterdienst GB Forschung und Entwicklung A hierarchy of one- and two-moment microphysical parameterizations in the COSMO model Axel Seifert German Weather Service Offenbach, Germany Ulrich Blahak

More information

Observation of Smoke and Dust Plume Transport and Impact on the Air Quality Remote Sensing in New York City

Observation of Smoke and Dust Plume Transport and Impact on the Air Quality Remote Sensing in New York City Observation of Smoke and Dust Plume Transport and Impact on the Air Quality Remote Sensing in New York City Yonghua Wu*, Chowdhury Nazmi, Cuiya Li, Daniel Hoyos, Barry Gross, Fred Moshary NOAA-CREST and

More information

VALIDATION OF MIPAS ON ENVISAT BY CORRELATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF MIPAS-STR

VALIDATION OF MIPAS ON ENVISAT BY CORRELATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF MIPAS-STR VALIDATION OF MIPAS ON ENVISAT BY CORRELATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF MIPAS-STR G.Y. LIU, C.E. BLOM, T. GULDE, C. KEIM, M. HÖPFNER, P. LOËS, C. PIESCH, C. SARTORIUS Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe / Universität Karlsruhe

More information

Wrap-up of Lecture 2. Aerosol Forcing and a Critique of the Global Warming Consensus

Wrap-up of Lecture 2. Aerosol Forcing and a Critique of the Global Warming Consensus Wrap-up of Lecture 2 Massive research efforts over the past two decades have allowed aerosol scientists to put boundaries on the "direct" and "cloud-albedo" forcings. [IPCC 2007, Fig SPM.2] When climate

More information

Step 1. Step 2. g l = g v. dg = 0 We have shown that over a plane surface of water. g v g l = ρ v R v T ln e/e sat. this can be rewritten

Step 1. Step 2. g l = g v. dg = 0 We have shown that over a plane surface of water. g v g l = ρ v R v T ln e/e sat. this can be rewritten The basic question is what makes the existence of a droplet thermodynamically preferable to the existence only of water vapor. We have already derived an expression for the saturation vapor pressure over

More information

Earth s Radiation Budget & Climate

Earth s Radiation Budget & Climate Earth s Radiation Budget & Climate Professor Richard Allan University of Reading NERC Advanced Training Course Earth Observations for Weather & Climate Studies 5 9 September 2016 Quantify the main terms

More information