Working Correctly & Safely with Radiation. Talia Tzahor Radiation safety officer Tel:
|
|
- Jasper Marsh
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Working Correctly & Safely with Radiation Talia Tzahor Radiation safety officer Tel:
2 Environmental Exposure The typical human body contains: Potassium-40 ( 40 K) & Carbon-14 ( 14 C) with an activity of ~2 0.1 μci Ionizing Radiation from natural sources in Israel 3 msv/y (~300mR)
3 So. Radiation? Radiation - energy given by an unstable atoms. Ionizing radiation - has the ability to change the physical state of atoms it interacts with, causing them to become electrically charged or IONIZED. There are 4 main types of ionizing radiation: Alpha particles, Beta particles, Photons (gamma or X-rays) & Neutrons.
4 Ionizing Radiation types Alpha Particles (α): 2 neutrons & 2 protons, heavy mass. Beta Particles (β): Electrons or positrons with a small mass and variable energy Gamma (γ) and X-rays: forms of electromagnetic radiations or photons have no mass
5
6 Radiation unites Curie (Ci) - The unit of radioactivity 1 Ci = decays per second. 1 mci= 37 MBq (10 6 ) Becquerel (Bq) - equates to 1 decay per second
7 Half Life Time The time taken for half the radionuclide's atoms to decay Activity 100% P-32 T 1/2 = 14.2 days 50% 25% 12.5% days
8 Commonly used Radioisotopes at WIS Radionuclide Type decay Half life (T 1/2 ) Energy (electron volt) Critical organ ALI Annual limit intake H-3 β 12.3y mev All body 13 mci C-14 β 5600y 0.16 mev Fat tissue 0.9 mci S-35 β 87.5d 0.17 mev Lungs 0.6 mci P-32 β 14.2d 1.7 mev Bone mci P-33 β 25.3d 0.25 mev =/= 6-8 mci Cr d 0.32 mev Colon mci I d mev Thyroid 30 uci
9 Ionizing Radiation damages Causes breaks in one or both DNA strands or; Causes Free Radical For radiation
10 Radiation Protection Time- Keep your time of exposure to a minimum Short time low exposure Distance- Radiation intensity falls off quickly with distance (inverse square law) double distance ¼ exposure Shielding- Use appropriate screen type: Lead / Poly shielding
11 Alpha Paper Plastic Lead Concrete Beta 0 0 Gamma and X-rays 1 0 n Neutron
12 Screens / Shielding Lead - for radiation Perspex - for radiation
13 Distance & Shielding
14 Radioactive station
15 Radioactive waste For all radioactive waste use the yellow barrel
16 UV radiation not an ionizing radiation
17
18 UV radiation UV radiation is an electromagnetic radiation between nm wavelength. UV-A: long wavelength range nm UV-B: in range of nm UV-C: short wavelength range nm. UV-B and UV-C making more damages
19 UV light damages UV-C UV-A UV-B immediately damages: skin burn, edema, eye inflammation. Future damages: melanoma, skin inflammation, cataract, cornea damage.
20
21 device with UVA light UV table UV lamp
22 Biological hood UVC light It is forbidden to use a hood without a safety switch
23
24 Safely work with UV nitrile gloves face or eye shield Long sleeves lab robe
25 X-ray tube An x-ray tube requires a source of electrons, a means to accelerate the electrons, and a target to stop the high-speed electrons. Cathode (-) Anode (+)
26 Two main uses: Diffraction [XRD] X-ray scattering from crystalline materials. fingerprint of crystalline atomic structure. Check known library vs. unknown sample. Fluorescence [XRF] Analytical method for determining the elemental composition of a substance.
27 Causes of Exposure Using ANALYTICAL X-ray Putting fingers in X-ray beam to change sample Aligning X-ray beam visually Modification of shielding Failure to read & follow manufacturers X-ray operating instructions Any of these actions could cause an unnecessary exposure and a potential negative effect.
28 X-Ray effects The effects of x-ray exposure depends upon: TIME - How long is the Exposure. ENERGY - How much energy was in the x-ray Low Energy (<50 KeV) - damage only to skin or outer part of body High Energy - damage to internal organs TOTAL DOSE- The quantity of the dose
29 Radiation Protection Time- Keep your time of exposure to a minimum Short time low exposure Distance- Radiation intensity falls off quickly with distance (inverse square law) double distance ¼ exposure Shielding- Use appropriate screen type as Lead Is a practical shielding material, as it is very dense and has a high atomic number.
30 shielding X-Ray Diffractometer
31 warning light X-Ray Machine
32 Thanks for your attention Talia Tzahor Radiation safety officer Tel:
APPENDIX A RADIATION OVERVIEW
Former NAVWPNSTA Concord, Inland Area APPENDIX A RADIATION OVERVIEW Draft ECSD-3211-0005-0004 08/2009 This page intentionally left blank. Draft ECSD-3211-0005-0004 08/2009 APPENDIX A RADIATION OVERVIEW
More informationRadiation Response and Removals: Getting Down to the Nitty Gritty. 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program
Radiation Response and Removals: Getting Down to the Nitty Gritty 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program www.oscreadiness.org 0 Radiation Fundamentals Tony Honnellio Health Physicist U.S. EPA, Region
More informationRadiation Fundamentals. Radiation Safety Training Module 1
Radiation Fundamentals Module 1 Radioactivity Radioactivity is the process of unstable (or radioactive) atoms becoming stable. This is done by emitting radiation. This process over a period of time is
More informationRadiation Protection Fundamentals and Biological Effects: Session 1
Radiation Protection Fundamentals and Biological Effects: Session 1 Reading assignment: LLE Radiological Controls Manual (LLEINST 6610): Part 1 UR Radiation Safety Training Manual and Resource Book: Parts
More informationAlpha decay usually occurs in heavy nuclei such as uranium or plutonium, and therefore is a major part of the radioactive fallout from a nuclear
Radioactive Decay Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei. This phenomenon was first reported in 1896 by the French physicist Henri Becquerel. Marie Curie and her husband Pierre
More informationRadiation Safety Training Session 1: Radiation Protection Fundamentals and Biological Effects
Radiation Safety Training Session 1: Radiation Protection Fundamentals and Biological Effects Reading Assignment: LLE Radiological Controls Manual (LLEINST 6610) Part 1 UR Radiation Safety Training Manual
More informationGlossary of Terms* BIOASSAY: Assay and measurement procedures used to determine the amount of radioactive material in a biological system.
Glossary of Terms* *With permission from the Manual of Policies and Procedures for Radiation Protection, for the University of Minnesota, Department of Environmental Health and Safety, Radiation Protection
More informationNuclear Radiation. Natural Radioactivity. A person working with radioisotopes wears protective clothing and gloves and stands behind a shield.
Nuclear Radiation Natural Radioactivity A person working with radioisotopes wears protective clothing and gloves and stands behind a shield. 1 Radioactive Isotopes A radioactive isotope has an unstable
More informationIntroduction to Ionizing Radiation
Introduction to Ionizing Radiation Bob Curtis OSHA Salt Lake Technical Center Supplement to Lecture Outline V. 10.02 Basic Model of a Neutral Atom Electrons(-) orbiting nucleus of protons(+) and neutrons.
More informationIndustrial Hygiene: Assessment and Control of the Occupational Environment
Industrial Hygiene: Assessment and Control of the Occupational Environment Main Topics Air Pollution Control Analytical Methods Ergonomics Gas and Vapour Sampling General Practice Heat and Cold Stress
More informationGLOSSARY OF BASIC RADIATION PROTECTION TERMINOLOGY
GLOSSARY OF BASIC RADIATION PROTECTION TERMINOLOGY ABSORBED DOSE: The amount of energy absorbed, as a result of radiation passing through a material, per unit mass of material. Measured in rads (1 rad
More informationChapter 2. Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry. Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry page 1
Chapter 2 Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry page 1 Atoms & Elements Part 0: Atomic Structure An Introduction Electrostatics an underlying force throughout chemistry
More informationNuclear Spectroscopy: Radioactivity and Half Life
Particle and Spectroscopy: and Half Life 02/08/2018 My Office Hours: Thursday 1:00-3:00 PM 212 Keen Building Outline 1 2 3 4 5 Some nuclei are unstable and decay spontaneously into two or more particles.
More information11/23/2014 RADIATION AND DOSE MEASUREMENTS. Units of Radioactivity
CHAPTER 4 RADIATION UNITS RADIATION AND DOSE MEASUREMENTS 1 Units of Radioactivity 2 1 Radiation Units There are specific units for the amount of radiation you receive in a given time and for the total
More informationUnit 6 Nuclear Radiation Parent Guide. What is radioactivity and why are things radioactive?
Unit 6 Nuclear Radiation Parent Guide What is radioactivity and why are things radioactive? The nucleus of an atom is comprised of subatomic particles called protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive
More informationDifferentiating Chemical Reactions from Nuclear Reactions
Differentiating Chemical Reactions from Nuclear Reactions 1 CHEMICAL Occurs when bonds are broken or formed. Atoms remained unchanged, though may be rearranged. Involves valence electrons Small energy
More informationRadiation Safety. PIXE PAN 2008 Ed Stech University of Notre Dame
Radiation Safety PIXE PAN 2008 Ed Stech University of Notre Dame Outline Radiation Overview Radiation Safety in during PIXE PAN Other Safety Issues Ionizing Radiation 4 Types Alpha Beta Photon (Gamma and
More informationIsotopes of an element have the same symbol and same atomic number - Mass number refers to the protons plus neutrons in an isotope
7.1 Atomic Theory and Radioactive Decay Natural background radiation exists all around us. This radiation consists of high energy particles or waves being emitted from a variety of materials Radioactivity
More informationGeneral, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity 2.1 Multiple-Choice 1) The smallest particle of an element that can be identified as that element is: A) a proton
More informationRadiological Preparedness & Emergency Response. Session II. Objectives. Basic Radiation Physics
Radiological Preparedness & Emergency Response Session II Basic Radiation Physics Objectives Discuss the difference between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Describe radioactive decay. Discuss the
More informationRADIONUCLIDE INFORMATION
RADIONUCLIDE INFORMATION Below are some physical properties and practical handling information for radionuclides most commonly used in the research environment. Contact the RSO for additional information
More information10.1 RADIOACTIVE DECAY
10.1 RADIOACTIVE DECAY When Henri Becquerel placed uranium salts on a photographic plate and then developed the plate, he found a foggy image. The image was caused by rays that had not been observed before.
More informationBasic physics Questions
Chapter1 Basic physics Questions S. Ilyas 1. Which of the following statements regarding protons are correct? a. They have a negative charge b. They are equal to the number of electrons in a non-ionized
More informationName: COMBINED SCIENCE Topics 4, 5 & 6 LEARNING OUTCOMES. Maintain a record of your progress Use the booklet to guide revision
Name: COMBINED SCIENCE Topics 4, 5 & 6 LEARNING OUTCOMES Maintain a record of your progress Use the booklet to guide revision Close the Gap Contemporary record of the Topics / Learning outcomes that I
More informationRadiation Safety Talk. UC Santa Cruz Physics 133 Winter 2018
Radiation Safety Talk UC Santa Cruz Physics 133 Winter 2018 Outline Types of radiation Sources of radiation Dose limits and risks ALARA principle Safety procedures Types of radiation Radiation is energy
More informationCh. 18 Problems, Selected solutions. Sections 18.1
Sections 8. 8. (I) How many ion pairs are created in a Geiger counter by a 5.4-MeV alpha particle if 80% of its energy goes to create ion pairs and 30 ev (average in gases) is required per ion pair? Notice
More informationWhat happens during nuclear decay? During nuclear decay, atoms of one element can change into atoms of a different element altogether.
When Henri Becquerel placed uranium salts on a photographic plate and then developed the plate, he found a foggy image. The image was caused by rays that had not been observed before. For his discovery
More informationRadiation Awareness Training. Stephen Price Office of Research Safety
Radiation Awareness Training Stephen Price Office of Research Safety Purpose This training is intended for Clemson University Faculty, Staff or Students who do not work directly with radioactive materials
More informationINTRODUCTION TO IONIZING RADIATION (Attix Chapter 1 p. 1-5)
INTRODUCTION TO IONIZING RADIATION (Attix Chapter 1 p. 1-5) Ionizing radiation: Particle or electromagnetic radiation that is capable of ionizing matter. IR interacts through different types of collision
More informationUnits and Definition
RADIATION SOURCES Units and Definition Activity (Radioactivity) Definition Activity: Rate of decay (transformation or disintegration) is described by its activity Activity = number of atoms that decay
More informationRadiation Protection & Radiation Therapy
Radiation Protection & Radiation Therapy For Medical Students Professor of Medical Physics Radiation Units Activity Number disintegrations per second (Curie, Becquerel) Exposure (Roentgen, C/kg) Absorbed
More informationRadioactivity. General Physics II PHYS 111. King Saud University College of Applied Studies and Community Service Department of Natural Sciences
King Saud University College of Applied Studies and Community Service Department of Natural Sciences Radioactivity General Physics II PHYS 111 Nouf Alkathran nalkathran@ksu.edu.sa Outline Radioactive Decay
More informationAtomic Structure Summary
Atomic Structure Summary All atoms have: a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons around it Atomic nucleus consists of: positively charged protons and neutrons that have no electric
More information05/11/2013. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Ionizing radiation. Typical decay energies. Radiation with energy > 100 ev. Ionize an atom < 15eV
Nuclear Fuel Cycle 2013 Lecture 4: Interaction of Ionizing Radiation with Matter Ionizing radiation Radiation with energy > 100 ev Ionize an atom < 15eV Break a bond 1-5 ev Typical decay energies α: 4-9
More informationRadiation and Radioactivity. PHYS 0219 Radiation and Radioactivity
Radiation and Radioactivity 1 Radiation and Radioactivity This experiment has four parts: 1. Counting Statistics 2. Gamma (g) Ray Absorption Half-length and shielding 3. 137 Ba Decay Half-life 4. Dosimetry
More informationCollege Physics B - PHY2054C
College - PHY2054C Physics - Radioactivity 11/24/2014 My Office Hours: Tuesday 10:00 AM - Noon 206 Keen Building Review Question 1 Isotopes of an element A have the same number of protons and electrons,
More informationU (superscript is mass number, subscript atomic number) - radionuclides nuclei that are radioactive - radioisotopes atoms containing radionuclides
Chapter : Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactivity nucleons neutron and proton all atoms of a given element have the same number of protons, atomic number isotopes atoms with the same atomic number but different
More informationNumber of protons. 2. What is the nuclear symbol for a radioactive isotope of copper with a mass number of 60? A) Cu
Chapter 5 Nuclear Chemistry Practice Problems 1. Fill in the missing information in the chart: Medical Use Atomic Mass symbol number Heart imaging 201 Tl 81 Number of protons Number of neutrons Abdominal
More informationFundamentals of radiation protection
Fundamentals of radiation protection Kamel ABBAS European Commission, Joint Research Centre Institute for Transuranium Elements, Nuclear Security Unit Via E. Fermi, 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy tel. +39-0332-785673,
More informationUnit 6 Modern Physics
Unit 6 Modern Physics Early Booklet E.C.: + 1 Unit 6 Hwk. Pts.: / 46 Unit 6 Lab Pts.: / 16 Late, Incomplete, No Work, No Units Fees? Y / N Essential Fundamentals of Modern Physics 1. A photon s energy
More informationGeneral, Organic, and Biochemistry, 2e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice
General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 2e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity 2.1 Multiple-Choice 1) Two atoms must represent the same element if they both have the same: A) number of electron shells
More informationLECTURE 26 RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY. Instructor: Kazumi Tolich
LECTURE 26 RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY Instructor: Kazumi Tolich Lecture 26 2 30.4 Radiation and radioactivity Alpha decay Beta decay Gamma decay Decay series Nuclear radiation is a form of ionizing radiation
More information((Radiation )) أيهمدغيم. Ionizing RadiationNon-ionizing radiation. This is the last sheet for Dr. Madi s lectures & its number is ((22)).
((Radiation )) This is the last sheet for Dr. Madi s lectures & its number is ((22)). This sheet contains (Slides and recording).. So I did my best to let you not refer to slides. First of all, there is
More informationRadioactivity. General Physics II PHYS 111. King Saud University College of Applied Studies and Community Service Department of Natural Sciences
King Saud University College of Applied Studies and Community Service Department of Natural Sciences Radioactivity General Physics II PHYS 111 Nouf Alkathran nalkathran@ksu.edu.sa Outline Radioactive Decay
More informationProperties of the nucleus. 8.2 Nuclear Physics. Isotopes. Stable Nuclei. Size of the nucleus. Size of the nucleus
Properties of the nucleus 8. Nuclear Physics Properties of nuclei Binding Energy Radioactive decay Natural radioactivity Consists of protons and neutrons Z = no. of protons (Atomic number) N = no. of neutrons
More informationA Nuclear Power Plant
A Nuclear Power Plant Fallout from Chernobyl The question that all countries asked in 1986, and continue to ask to this day: Could it happen here? Radioactivity Np Pu+ 239 239 0 93 94 1 Beta decay the
More informationProduction of X-rays. Radiation Safety Training for Analytical X-Ray Devices Module 9
Module 9 This module presents information on what X-rays are and how they are produced. Introduction Module 9, Page 2 X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation. Other types of electromagnetic radiation
More informationLecture Presentation. Chapter 21. Nuclear Chemistry. James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Presentation Chapter 21, Inc. James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT Energy: Chemical vs. Chemical energy is associated with making and breaking chemical bonds. energy is enormous in comparison.
More informationRadiation Safety Basic Terms
Radiation Safety Basic Terms Radiation Radiation is energy in transit in the form of high speed particles and electromagnetic waves. We encounter electromagnetic waves every day. They make up our visible
More informationRadioactivity. Lecture 7 Dosimetry and Exposure Limits
Radioactivity Lecture 7 Dosimetry and Exposure Limits Radiation Exposure - Radiology The radiation impact on biological and genetic materials requires some protective measures! Units for scaling the decay
More informationPS-21 First Spring Institute say : Teaching Physical Science. Radioactivity
PS-21 First Spring Institute say 2012-2013: Teaching Physical Science Radioactivity What Is Radioactivity? Radioactivity is the release of tiny, highenergy particles or gamma rays from the nucleus of an
More informationChemistry 6A F2007. Dr. J.A. Mack 12/3/07. What do I need to bring? Exam 3: Friday 12/7/07 (here in lecture)
Chemistry 6A F2007 Dr. J.A. Mack Exam 3: Friday 12/7/07 (here in lecture) What will be covered on the exam? Chapter 6: 6.9-6.15 Chapter 7: All Chapter 8: All Chapter 9: 9.1-9.9 Any thing from lab as well
More informationHistorical Awareness
Historical Awareness 1895 - Wilhem Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays and in 1901 he received the first Nobel Prize for physics. 1903 - Marie Curie and Pierre Curie, along with Henri Becquerel were awarded
More informationRADIATION SAFETY. Working Safely with Radiation
RADIATION SAFETY Working Safely with Radiation 12 NOV 2015 Dr. Raed Felimban Department of Transfusion Medicine King Abdul-Aziz University E-mail: felimbanr@yahoo.com KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY How most
More informationNuclear Physics and Astrophysics
Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics PHY-302 Dr. E. Rizvi Lecture 24 Medical Imaging Effects of Radiation We now know what radiation is But what does it mean for our bodies? Radioactivity is quantified in
More informationParticles involved proton neutron electron positron gamma ray 1
TOPIC : Nuclear and radiation chemistry Nuclide - an atom with a particular mass number and atomic number Isotopes - nuclides with the same atomic number (Z) but different mass numbers (A) Notation A Element
More informationSECTION 8 Part I Typical Questions
SECTION 8 Part I Typical Questions 1. For a narrow beam of photons, the relaxation length is that thickness of absorber that will result in a reduction of in the initial beam intensity. 1. 1/10. 2. 1/2.
More informationName Date Class NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
25 NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY SECTION 25.1 NUCLEAR RADIATION (pages 799 802) This section describes the nature of radioactivity and the process of radioactive decay. It characterizes alpha, beta, and gamma radiation
More informationBa (Z = 56) W (Z = 74) preferred target Mo (Z = 42) Pb (Z = 82) Pd (Z = 64)
Produced by accelerating electrons with high voltage and allowing them to collide with metal target (anode), e.g, Tungsten. Three Events (Two types of x-ray) a) Heat X-Ray Tube b) bremsstrahlung (braking
More informationRADIOCHEMICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS
RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 1 Early Pioneers in Radioactivity Rutherfo rd: Discoverer Alpha and Beta rays 1897 Roentge n: Discoverer of X- rays 1895 The Curies: Discoverers of Radium and Polonium
More informationChapter 11 Nuclear Chemistry
Chapter 11 Nuclear Chemistry 11.1 Nuclear Reactions Nuclear reactions involve the particles located in the nucleus of the atom: The nucleus contains: An atom is characterized by: X A Z - Z the gives the
More informationCHEMISTRY 170. Radioisotopes
CHEMISTRY 170 Radioisotopes Positron Emission Tomography or PET scans use the radioisotope 18 F to create an image of the brain. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Radioisotopes Introduction
More informationCh Radioactivity. Henry Becquerel, using U-238, discovered the radioactive nature of elements in 1896.
Ch. 10 - Radioactivity Henry Becquerel, using U-238, discovered the radioactive nature of elements in 1896. Radioactivity the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy
More informationNuclear Medicine RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
Nuclear Medicine RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY An alpha particle consists of two protons and two neutrons Common alpha-particle emitters Radon-222 gas in the environment Uranium-234 and -238) in the environment
More informationnotes Radiological Basics Transportation Emergency Preparedness Program
INTRODUCTION The reliance upon, and use of, radioactive material in agriculture, industry, and medicine continues to increase. As the manufacture, use, and disposal of radioactive material has increased,
More informationBASIC OF RADIATION; ORIGIN AND UNITS
INAYA MEDICAL COLLEGE (IMC) RAD 243 - LECTURE 2 BASIC OF RADIATION; ORIGIN AND UNITS DR. MOHAMMED MOSTAFA EMAM LECTURES & CLASS ACTIVITIES https://inayacollegedrmohammedemam.wordpress.com/ Password: drmohammedemam
More information12/1/17 OUTLINE KEY POINTS ELEMENTS WITH UNSTABLE NUCLEI Radioisotopes and Nuclear Reactions 16.2 Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation
OUTLINE 16.1 Radioisotopes and Nuclear Reactions 16.2 Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation PET scan X-ray technology CT scan 2009 W.H. Freeman KEY POINTS Radioactivity is the consequence of an unstable
More informationNuclear Medicine Intro & Physics from Medical Imaging Signals and Systems, Chapter 7, by Prince and Links
Nuclear Medicine Intro & Physics from Medical Imaging Signals and Systems, Chapter 7, by Prince and Links NM - introduction Relies on EMISSION of photons from body (versus transmission of photons through
More informationNicholas J. Giordano. Chapter 30. Nuclear Physics. Marilyn Akins, PhD Broome Community College
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 30 Nuclear Physics Marilyn Akins, PhD Broome Community College Atomic Nuclei Rutherford s discovery of the atomic nucleus caused scientists
More informationName Date Class NUCLEAR RADIATION. alpha particle beta particle gamma ray
25.1 NUCLEAR RADIATION Section Review Objectives Explain how an unstable nucleus releases energy Describe the three main types of nuclear radiation Vocabulary radioisotopes radioactivity radiation alpha
More informationUniversity Environmental Health & Safety
University Environmental Health & Safety X-rays were discovered in 1895 when William Conrad Roentgen observed that a screen coated with a barium salt fluoresced when placed near a cathode ray tube. Roentgen
More informationGy can be used for any type of radiation. Gy does not describe the biological effects of the different radiations.
Absorbed Dose Dose is a measure of the amount of energy from an ionizing radiation deposited in a mass of some material. SI unit used to measure absorbed dose is the gray (Gy). 1J 1 Gy kg Gy can be used
More informationChapter 18: Radioactivity And Nuclear Transformation. Presented by Mingxiong Huang, Ph.D.,
Chapter 18: Radioactivity And Nuclear Transformation Presented by Mingxiong Huang, Ph.D., mxhuang@ucsd.edu 18.1 Radionuclide Decay Terms and Relationships Activity Decay Constant Physical Half-Life Fundamental
More informationChapter 20 Nuclear Chemistry. 1. Nuclear Reactions and Their Characteristics
Chapter 2 Nuclear Chemistry 1. Nuclear Reactions and Their Characteristics Nuclear reactions involve the particles located in the nucleus of the atom: nucleons:. An atom is characterized by its atomic
More informationDosimetry. Sanja Dolanski Babić May, 2018.
Dosimetry Sanja Dolanski Babić May, 2018. What s the difference between radiation and radioactivity? Radiation - the process of emitting energy as waves or particles, and the radiated energy Radioactivity
More informationRadioactivity Karolina H. Czarnecka, PhD Department of Molecular Bases of Medicine
Radioactivity Karolina H. Czarnecka, PhD Department of Molecular Bases of Medicine karolina.czarnecka@umed.lodz.pl The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their
More informationChapter 21
Chapter 21 http://youtu.be/kwasz59f8ga Nuclear reactions involve the nucleus The nucleus opens, and protons and neutrons are rearranged. The opening of the nucleus releases a tremendous amount of energy
More informationUALR Radiation Safety Office
UALR Radiation Safety Office ETAS-329 501-569 8210 Graduate Institute of Technology University of Arkansas at Little Rock Regulatory Authority Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) EPA, DoE, DoT, OSHA Agreement
More informationUNCORRECTED PROOF. Table of Contents
00-Stabin-Prelims SNY001-Stabin (Typeset by spi publisher services, Delhi) vii of xvi June 1, 2007 17:15 Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Chapter 1. Introduction to Health Physics 1 1.1 Definition of Health
More informationINAYA MEDICAL COLLEGE (IMC) RAD LECTURE 1 RADIATION PHYSICS DR. MOHAMMED MOSTAFA EMAM
INAYA MEDICAL COLLEGE (IMC) RAD 232 - LECTURE 1 RADIATION PHYSICS DR. MOHAMMED MOSTAFA EMAM Radiation: It is defined as the process by which energy is emitted from a source and propagated through the surrounding
More informationNuclide Safety Data Sheet Hydrogen-3 [Tritium]
3 H Hydrogen-3 [Tritium] 3 H Radiation: Beta (100% abundance) Energy: Max.: 18.6 kev; Average: 5.7 kev Half-Life [T ½ ] : Physical T ½ : 12.3 years Biological T ½ : 10-12 days Effective T ½ : 10-12 days*
More informationResearch Physicist Field of Nuclear physics and Detector physics. Developing detector for radiation fields around particle accelerators using:
Christopher Cassell Research Physicist Field of Nuclear physics and Detector physics Developing detector for radiation fields around particle accelerators using: Experimental data Geant4 Monte Carlo Simulations
More informationBasic physics of nuclear medicine
Basic physics of nuclear medicine Nuclear structure Atomic number (Z): the number of protons in a nucleus; defines the position of an element in the periodic table. Mass number (A) is the number of nucleons
More informationRadiation Terminology
Radiation Terminology This section discusses the terms and concepts which are necessary for a meaningful discussion of radiation, its sources, and its risks. USNRC Technical Training Center 5-1 0703 Energy
More informationYear 12 Notes Radioactivity 1/5
Year Notes Radioactivity /5 Radioactivity Stable and Unstable Nuclei Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration of certain nuclei, a random process in which particles and/or high-energy photons are
More informationProperties of the nucleus. 9.1 Nuclear Physics. Isotopes. Stable Nuclei. Size of the nucleus. Size of the nucleus
Properties of the nucleus 9. Nuclear Physics Properties of nuclei Binding Energy Radioactive decay Natural radioactivity Consists of protons and neutrons Z = no. of protons (tomic number) N = no. of neutrons
More informationMichael G. Stabin. Radiation Protection and Dosimetry. An Introduction to Health Physics. 4) Springer
Michael G. Stabin Radiation Protection and Dosimetry An Introduction to Health Physics 4) Springer Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Introduction to Health Physics 1 1.1 Definition of
More informationRadiation Glossary. Radioactive material dispersed in the air in the form of dusts, fumes, particulates, mists, vapors, or gases.
Activity The rate of disintegration (transformation) or decay of radioactive material. The units of activity are Curie (Ci) and the Becquerel (Bq). Agreement State Any state with which the U.S. Nuclear
More informationWHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION
WHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION Margarita Saraví National Atomic Energy Commission - Argentina Workshop on Ionizing Radiation SIM Buenos Aires 10 November 2011 What is ionizing radiation? What is ionizing radiation?
More informationRadioactivity. Ernest Rutherford, A New Zealand physicist proved in the early 1900s a new model of the atom.
Radioactivity In 1896 Henri Becquerel on developing some photographic plates he found that the uranium emitted radiation. Becquerel had discovered radioactivity. Models of the Atom Ernest Rutherford, A
More informationRadiation Quantities and Units
Radiation Quantities and Units George Starkschall, Ph.D. Lecture Objectives Define and identify units for the following: Exposure Kerma Absorbed dose Dose equivalent Relative biological effectiveness Activity
More informationName Date Class NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics
28 NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Conceptual Curriculum Concrete concepts More abstract concepts or math/problem-solving Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics Honors Curriculum Core honors content Options
More informationNuclear Chemistry Unit
Nuclear Chemistry Unit January 28th HW Due Thurs. 1/30 Read pages 284 291 Define: Radioactivity Nuclear Radiation Alpha Particle Beta Particle Gamma Ray Half-Life Answer: -Questions 1-3 -Write the symbols
More information11 Gamma Ray Energy and Absorption
11 Gamma Ray Energy and Absorption Before starting this laboratory, we must review the physiological effects and the proper use of the radioactive samples you will be using during the experiment. Physiological
More informationCHAPTER 12 TEST REVIEW
IB PHYSICS Name: Period: Date: # Marks: 76 Raw Score: IB Curve: DEVIL PHYSICS BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS CHAPTER 12 TEST REVIEW 1. An alpha particle is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv.
More informationIsotopes. An isotope is an atom of the same element (same number of protons) that varies in the number of neutrons.
Nuclear Chemistry Isotopes An isotope is an atom of the same element (same number of protons) that varies in the number of neutrons. Most elements have several isotopes Some are unstable and emit radiation
More informationIsotopes. An isotope is an atoms of the same element (same number of protons) that vary in the number of neutrons.
Nuclear Chemistry Isotopes An isotope is an atoms of the same element (same number of protons) that vary in the number of neutrons. Most elements have several isotopes Some are unstable and emit radiation
More informationSelected Topics from Modern Physics
Selected Topics from Modern Physics 1. According to the special theory of relativity, if a 30-year old astronaut sent on a space mission is accelerated to speeds close to that of light, and then returns
More informationHALF LIFE. NJSP HMRU June 10, Student Handout CBRNE AWARENESS Module 4 1. Objectives. Student will
June 10, 2004 Radiological/Nuclear Overview 1 Student will demonstrate a knowledge of self protection techniques identify types of radiation and their associated hazards demonstrate a knowledge of terminology
More information1. Module Details RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY. 2. Module Purpose To provide learners with knowledge of the principles of industrial
1. Module Details Module name Nominal duration RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY 1 modules It is anticipated that a learner holding the prescribed entry level skills will achieve the module purpose in 35
More information