BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ADHERENCE BETWEEN TEXTILE PRODUCTS AND WOOD

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1 BULETINUL INSTITUTULUI POLITEHNIC DIN IAŞI Publicat de Universitatea Tehnică Gheorghe Asachi din Iaşi Tomul LVI (LX), Fasc., 010 SecŃia TEXTILE. PIELĂRIE BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ADHERENCE BETWEEN TEXTILE PRODUCTS AND WOOD BY LILIANA BUHU and DORIN AVRAM Abstract. This is a study of the behaviour of biodegradable polymers on the adhesion between textiles and wood. It was analyzed the influence of polymer solution concentration and pressure on adhesion of composite made from woven fabrics and wood. Tit was determined strength, elongation, work capacity of the obtained composite and polymer consumption. Key words: biodegradable polymers, adherence, textile, wood, concentration of polymer and pressure. 1. Introduction Biodegradable polymers can be grouped into natural and synthetic polymers, as well as polymers derived from renewable and non-renewable resources and may be naturally occurring or they may be synthesized by chemical means. Depending on field of use in the building industry, composites are classified into two main groups: structural composites are defined as those who are required to carry a load in use; egg.: in housing industry these represent load bearing walls, roof systems, stairs, furniture, etc; non-structural composites are not intended to carry a load in use. These can be made from a variety of materials such as thermoplastics, textiles, and wood particles, and are used for such products as doors, windows, furniture, ceiling tiles, automotive interior parts, etc. [1]. The two most important types of bonding action are classified as mechanical and chemical interaction. The mechanical interaction is important when one of the substances is porous and other can penetrate the pores and solidify, while the chemical

2 86 Liliana Buhu and Dorin Avram interaction is obtained when chemical bond were generated by wetting the solid interface with a fluid; the two phases can interact through intermolecular forces [].. Experimental Part The samples were obtained from two fabrics of flax (10 3 cm) have been glued to a panel from wood of 6 3 cm, using a biodegradable polymer. The biodegradable polymer used is made by origin protein derived from collagen by hydrolysis. Samples were obtained by gluing a layer of fabric on each side of the wooden panel (Fig. 1). The fabric is a plain-weave woven with the following characteristics: raw material: flax; warp yarn count: Nm 5/; weft yarn count: Nm 5; weaving density of the warp yarn: 7 yarns/10 cm; weaving density of the weft yarn: 6 yarns/10 cm; specific mass of weaving: g/m. Fig. 1 Sample used to determine the adherence of the fabric and wood 1 woven fabrics from flax; wooden panel. The influence of concentration of polymer solution and pressure on the characteristics of composites materials is carried out using a two level factorial design (Table 1). In Table 1 are presented the values of technological parameters that have been considered as independent variables in codified and real form and the characteristics for adherence of materials. As dependent variables, four main characteristics of the materials have been analyzed: Y 1 strength, Y elongation, Y 3 work capacity and Y 4 polymer consumption. The experimental dates have been processed using a program of personal conception for statistical processing of dates, TEXPRO [3]. The central composite design software TEXPRO allows obtaining a statistical-mathematical model of form:

3 Bul. Inst. Polit. Iaşi, t. LVI (LX), f., (1) Y = b0 + b1x1 + bx + b1x1x + b11x1 + b X The independent parameters were as follows: X 1 the concentration of polymer solution [%]; X the pressure [bar]. Table 1 The Matrix Experimental and Characteristics of Composite Materials Work Polymer Strength Elongation No. X 1 coded X 1 real X coded X real capacity consumption [N] [mm] [J] [g/cm ] The equations of regression for the characteristics of composite materials considered as dependent variables, in order to optimize the concentration of polymer solution have been presented in Table. The coefficients of the regression equation have been tested by the Student test (the table value t =.69 for a level of significance α = 0.05 and ν = 4 degrees of freedom). Table The Equations of Regression Composite characteristics Equations of regression Strength, [N] Elongation, [mm] Work capacity, [J] Polymer consumption, [g/cm ] Y = X 7.49 X Y = X X 1 1 Y = X 0.7 X Y = X X 4 1 The mathematical model for the composite characteristics describes the curves dependency of the concentration of polymer solution and the pressure. The influence of the pressure for the strength, elongation and work capacity is not significant, while the influence of the concentration of solution for the difference of mass is significant.

4 88 Liliana Buhu and Dorin Avram.1. Strength Fig. shows the variation of the strength as a function of the independent parameters selected. It is shown that the strength has a maximum value corresponding to a concentration of solution between 65 and 76%, regardless of the pressure. Fig. Graphical 3D representation the model describing the strength... Elongation In Fig. 3 is shown the variation of elongation as a function of the independent parameters selected and is observed that the elongation has a maximum value corresponding to a concentration of about 70%). The influence of the pressure is not significant. Fig. 3 Graphical 3D representation the model describing the elongation.

5 Bul. Inst. Polit. Iaşi, t. LVI (LX), f., Work Capacity Fig. 5 shows the variation of the work capacity as a function of the independent parameters selected. It is shown that the work capacity has a maximum value corresponding to a concentration of about 74%, regardless of the pressure. Fig. 4 Graphical 3D representation the model describing the work capacity. The model for the work capacity is presented in Fig. 5 and was obtained at the testing for the concentration 65% and pressure 3 bars. Fig. 5 Model for work capacity.

6 90 Liliana Buhu and Dorin Avram.4. Polymer Consumption Polymer consumption was analyzed by weighing samples of fabric and wood plate before and after paste. Fig. 6 presents the variation of the polymer consumption and shows that the difference of mass increases at the same time as increase of concentration of solution from to , i.e. real values from 50% to 80%. The maximum value for the polymer consumption was obtained at pressure of 3 bar. Fig. 6 Graphical 3D representation the model describing the polymer consumption. 3. Conclusions Conclusions stemming from this paper are: Concentration of polymer solution is one of the factors that significantly influence adherence woven - wood using as a biodegradable polymer. Concentration of polymer influences positive the strength, elongation and work capacity in the 50 to 65% and negative in the 65 to 80%. Polymer consumption increases linearly with concentration. Pressure is not a significant factor in determining adherence, for the strength, elongation and work capacity. Polymer consumption increases for pressure from.3 to 3 bar and decreases by 3 to 4 bar. Thus, the minimum pressure can be used to obtain such evidence. Optimum zone for strength, elongation and work capacity is for concentration of polymer solution in the 70 74% and minimum pressure, while optimum polymer consumption is minimum for minimum concentration and minimum pressure or for mean concentration (65%) and maximum pressure (4 bar). Received: September 15, 009 Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iaşi, Department of Technology and Design of Textile Products davram@tex.tuiasi.ro

7 Bul. Inst. Polit. Iaşi, t. LVI (LX), f., R E F E R E N C E S 1. Kolybaba M., Tabil L.G., Panigrahi S., Crerar W.J., Powell T., Wang B., Biodegradable Polymers: Past, Present and Future. ASAE meeting presentation, Fargo, S.U.A, 3 4 octombrie (003).. Rowell R.M., A New Generation of Composite Materials from Agro-Based Fiber, Polymers and Other Advanced Materials: Emerging Technologies and Business Opportunities. Proceedings of the 3d international conference on frontiers of polymers and advanced materials; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, (1995). 3. Piroi C., Ciubotaru G., Modelare matematică procese tehnologice ( variabile) TexPro (005). POLIMERI BIODEGRADABILI ŞI INFLUENłA LOR ASUPRA ADERENłEI DINTRE PRODUSE TEXTILE ŞI LEMN (Rezumat) Acesta este un studiu despre comportarea polimerilor biodegradabili cu privire la aderenńa între produsele textile şi lemn. A fost analizată influenńa concentrańiei soluńiei de polimer şi a presiunii asupra aderenńei compozitului obńinut din Ńesătură şi lemn. S-a urmărit rezistenńa, alungirea, lucrul mecanic al materialului compozit obńinut, precum şi consumul de polimer.