1 How many valence electrons do the following atoms have? C, a. Conduct electricity poorly or not at all. b. Electrons are shared between atoms

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1 3 Types of Bonds Homework How many valence electrons do the following atoms have? a. F -7 d. P ÿÿ g. Mg S. b. Na / e. Si!/. h. B ÿ; c. Ca f. S (fÿ i. N 2 What is the oxidation number for the following elements when they form ions? a. CI -I d. N-3 g. K ll b. Ca 4-2 e. Se -ÿ- h. O " "J c. I -I f. Ba i. F! 3 Indicate! for ionic and C for covalent properties. C, a. Conduct electricity poorly or not at all (' b. Electrons are shared between atoms (ÿi, c. A bond between two nonmetals / d. The representative particle is the formula unit / e. Very high melting point P " f. Can be solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature I g. Electrons are transferred from one atom to another I h. A bond between a metal and a nonmetal / i. Very soluble in water / j. Form crystalline solids " k. Examples include water, oxygen, and glucose Bonding "/0 cincochem,pbworks.com 3

2 . Tÿ:F! Homework 12,1 3 Types of Bonds 4 What is a cation? -ÿ # 5 What is an anion? /ÿ',p. i()ÿ'ÿ n 6 } Label the below statements as TRUE or FALSE. a. :[-ÿ'm:', Metals (like steel) are made of ONLY periodic table metals, with no non-metals present. b. )ÿcÿlse, Valence electrons in a metal are stuck to the atom and do not move. c. -\ÿÿc The cations in a metal form a unique crystal pattern called a "sphere"? What gives metals the ability to be drawn into wire or hammered into shapes? :[ÿ:)c Vnl:::ÿ( :'. ÿ./:( /y:.ÿ/:/ :,/ / j : lj,1 What holds the cations in a metal together? --ÿ1:ÿ(: :-ÿ:,:-/:,1. C:-ÿ-l-i ()rqÿ I } :,1 9 List four unique properties of metals: "ÿ' ': ' (" ÿ,) ": t.ÿ: ÿ"ÿq ::(I' b, (,()', ÿ ÿ,:,, ÿ\.0":'ÿ,, 10 Give two examples of a metal alloy (' 4 ÿ cincochem.pbworks.com Bonding

3 3 Types of Bonds Homework12,1 11 Draw Lewis Structures for the following ELEMENTS O Strontium Boron Silicon Bromine 1 2 Draw the Lewis Structures for the following CATIONS kl}i,' Calcium ion Potassium ion Barium ion Lithium ion 13 Draw the Lewis Structures for the following ANIONS i ÿiÿ iy ÿii Oxide ion Chloride ion Selenide ion Phosphide ion Bonding ÿ cincochem.pbworks.com 5

4 Homework 12,2 Lewis Structures Draw the Lewis Structures for these IONIC COMPOUNDS Lithium bromide Potassium oxide i_,t,.ii / 7,. i l {J< {t' '< ): i {L I :; _-! formula l,/h Barium chloride formula IK2 ('[) Calcium phosphide " ÿ i ' ) i,lÿ- t ' \ o<;ÿ': 1 I formula!tÿ(), (,!7. formu,a Oÿ+S 2 How many total electrons do two atoms in a double bond ÿ-_: share? z.l. (2 ÿ'. tÿ't ("ÿ.ÿ( ]1 ÿ{ r,,ÿ,kÿl :3 How many total electrons do two atoms in a triple bond... share? {,ÿ). C iÿÿt ÿ'ÿz'ÿ 4 UNDERLINE the central atom in the following covalent compounds a. PF3 e. NH3 b, H20 f, C02 c. CH4 g, BBF3 d. HCN h. SiCI4 6 ÿ cincochem.pbworks.com Bonding

5 Lewis Structures Homework 12,2 1'1 / Draw the Lewis structure of each of the following MOLECULES. F2 HCl 2 I!> [) # " cu oÿ # va ence electrons i "/ Nitrogen triiodide 7. O!V, / " t'i" 1 -- #valence electrons q Water Y I I,: :7 'I o # valence electrons )(f) I.ÿ- H,' ':iÿ IS HCN # valence eleclrons....hl- BBr3 () #valence electrons }ÿ_) # valence electrons, } i; ÿi / M {ÿ v-j... 'Jir,YJ) Silicon tetrachloride ;,l,ÿ, Ctq Silicon dioxide '-/-v 17-xu,) Jÿ< Oi G. ( I i "ÿ +L+ÿ, # valence electrons < ÿ'" # valence electronsÿ Bonding ÿ'ÿ cincochem.pbworks.com 7

6 Homework 12,2 Lewis Structures 6 Draw Lewis structure of each of the followinq POLYATOMIC IONS... "ÿ ÿ 03_1 (,.ÿ! -I.\/ # valence electrons ' # valence electrons 2-0 "3( -- 5 Phosphate ion >I ÿ.')'1 Sulfite ion ;.L - ÿ) :s ÿ I?ÿ '. ÿ->.. '". I.o - OI L -? \! b ' I # valence electrons.--)" # valence electrons ÿ,? tfÿ "ÿppbr.ÿang nate ion I'i\ÿ('),i>Y H003-.!..' -/"&ÿ,i flÿ,)', ÿ 7_./" - L., '...;-/,fi;b:; I;)./ :6;!-- i!/.. I! 1,' I / / ] ÿ> # valence electrons ÿ- -Valence electrons.2! / J,ÿ /' 7--o: <ÿu 0-- i/-'-f: 0 8,rÿ cincochem.pbworks,com Bonding

7 AsCI3 BHÿ H2Se SISÿ - Or; rtÿ 7ÿ (! Iÿ,ÿ-- < t ;<!", d) o_ --?,)! Cÿ () K' Iÿ iÿ!l "no qÿ 0

8 VSEPR Homework 12,3 1. Com)lete the following table:,m {i '1,{, tt I i :I tt ).! #, \ 03 U 1) <r. /, ',i uÿ U m u 0 :::3 E t- 0 0 ro 0 E tÿ -.J L/ÿ Bonding ÿÿ cincochem.pbworks.com 9

9 Homework 12.3 Octet Exceptions 2, The central atom in ClF5 (chlorine pentafluoride) forms an expanded octet. a. b. C. What is the central atom? How many bondin rou s surround it? Draw the molecule: i, it,. Beryllium and aluminum are metals that can form covalent bonds due to their small size and relatively high electronegativity. Berylllium, is most stable when surrounded by only 4 electrons. Aluminum is most stable with 6 valence electrons a. Drawthe compound beryllium dichloride ÿ' ÿ ',/t' Iÿ/ 4ÿ Boron is a metalloid which forms covalent bonds. It form molecules on which the central atom only has 6 electrons, yet is stable. a. Drawthe compound boron trichloride ÿ,"", ')!I If, i-j 10 ÿi cincochem.pbworks.com Bonding