The Effects of Refuge on Escape Responses of Two Caribbean Goby Species
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1 University of Rhode Island Senior Honors Projects Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island 2013 The Effects of Refuge on Escape Responses of Two Caribbean Goby Species Russell P. Dauksis University of Rhode Island, Follow this and additional works at: Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Dauksis, Russell P., "The Effects of Refuge on Escape Responses of Two Caribbean Goby Species" (2013). Senior Honors Projects. Paper This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island at It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of For more information, please contact
2 The Effects of Refuge on Escape Responses of Two Caribbean Goby Species Russell Dauksis Mentored by Dr. Graham Forrester and Dr. Cheryl Wilga
3 IntroducDon - Ecology Benthic Caribbean species Small permanent home ranges (2-3 m 2 in area) Basically 2 dimensionality in escapes Density dependent mortality Goldspot Goby Gnatholepis thompsoni Bridled Goby Coryphopterus glaucofraenum Photo by Graham Forrester
4 C Start - Fish Escape Response hlp:// feature=player_detailpage&v=yjsf6ystwgs (Tytell and Lauder 2008 ) initial S2 end S1 end COM (Domenici, 2010)
5 Why study this? Predators have strong effects of the distribudon and abundance of prey SelecDve mortality - > evolved behavioral responses or strategies site.org
6 Research QuesDons Does escape latency increase as the distance from the model predator sdmulus increases? Will the gobies have higher escape velocides when they are farther away from the nearest refuge? Will the inidal orientadon of the goby (reladve to the nearest refuge) affect the direcdonality of their escape?
7 Holding Tank (with JAIL!)
8 Experimental Tank
9 Experimental Tank
10 Care and Maintenance Ordered from Florida Keys Marine Life fish collector Fed 1-2 Dmes per day Mix of live brine shrimp with frozen brine shrimp and blood worms Water nitrate and salinity checked weekly Both tanks kept between F
11 Methods Filmed individually at 500 frames per second with Phototron Fastcam high- speed camera Acclimated for 30 minutes each Video analyzed with ImageJ somware (NIH) Will fix some gobies in alcohol amer experiment to ensure species idendty
12
13 Realized Refuges
14 Distances Measured
15 Angles Measured
16 Results Escape Behavior Amount Percentage Escaped at all? 16/20 80% Escaped to closest refuge? 14/ % Moving while sdmulus happened? 4/16 25% Escaped away from sdmulus? 12/16 75% * All trials between both species were combined together since ecologically similar and not large sample size of escapes to analyze (n=12 for C. glaucofraenum and n=4 for G. thompsoni)
17 Effect of Predator Distance on Escape Latency No significant correladon (p- value = 0.622) y = x R² = Escape latency (ms) Distance from s;mulus (cm)
18 Effect of Refuge Vicinity on Escape Velocity Significant correladon (p- value = 0.002) y = x R² = Velocity (cm/s) Distance from nearest refuge (cm)
19 Orienta;on to Nearest Refuge Impacts the Escape Direc;on Direction of Escape (deg) y = 3.97x x x R 2 = Orientation to Refuge (deg)
20 Discussion Distance to predator sdmulus does not seem to effect escape latency (not significant value) Increased distance from the nearest refuge correlates with increased velocity of escape Gobies facing away from the nearest refuge omen exhibit greatest direcdonal turning before escaping
21 Future Research DirecDons Build a circular arena to eliminate corner refuge use Order live predators to compare to model predator sdmulus (Magurran et al, 1992 showed that model was not stadsdcally different from real predators in guppies) Vary the number of refuges and number of gobies HELP! Photo by Mark Steele
22 Thank you to the Stan Cobb FoundaDon and the URI Research Division for funding my project! Thank you to both of my mentors Dr. Graham Forrester and Dr. Wilga for her excellent aquaria assistance! QUESTIONS ANYONE?
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