AEGIS Antihydrogen Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy
AEGIS experiment - Importance of anti-matter research We observe a matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe We expect there to be produced equal amounts of matter and antimatter in the big bang but today we only observe matter We search for the origin of this asymmetry Quantum theory (CPT) violations? Gravitation asymmetries? Other possibilities? Anti-matter experiments probing gravitation AEGIS GBAR ALPHA Main goal of AEGIS is to test the Weak Equivalence Principle stating that all bodies fall with the same acceleration independent of mass and composition and to perform spectroscopy measurements with anti-hydrogen
AEGIS experiment - Principle Pulsed! Positronium excitation Ps(n = 1) + Laser fields Ps(n 30) Charge exchange at low energies: Ps(n 30) + H H (n) + e Manipulation and acceleration of excited anti-hydrogen Rydberg atoms in time depend. fields Deecitation H (n) H (n = 1) Annihilation of ground state anti hydrogen in the detector
AEGIS experiment - at AD at CERN
AEGIS experiment - apparatus The AEGIS Experiment proposal (Antimatter Experiment, Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy) Very first production of a pulsed cold beam of anti-hydrogen (T~ 100 mk) Measurement of the beam deflection with a Moire reflectometer (grating pitch ~ 40 um) g measurement with 1% accuracy on anti-hydrogen
AEGIS experiment - AD hall
AEGIS collaboration - about 80 authors
Norwegian Contributions to AEGIS - Research Overview 1. Antiproton annihilation studies 2. Development of annihilation detectors 3. Software and simulations 4. Novel beamline GRACE 5. Positronium research 6. Common tasks (e.g. testbeam) 7. Local infrastructure in Norway
Norwegian contribution - Example results 1. Antiproton annihilation studies MIMOTERA: First (successful) measurement of antiproton annihilation directly on a segmented silicon sensor. Silicon strip: Observation of effects due to space plasma ( volcano effect) at lower bias voltage, sensitivity to different annihilation products can be tuned through the thickness ATLAS 3D: Thicker sensor allows observation of secondary prongs, pions distringuisable from heavier fragments, - production saturation Thanks to MIMOTERA and ATLAS and others N. Pacifico et al. NIM A - DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2014.06.036 etc. 9
Norwegian contribution - Example results Antiproton tagging and vertex fitting in a Timepix3 detector S. Aghion et al 2018 JINST 13 P06004 3. Software and Simulations - Studies of annihilation in a Timepix3 detector Thanks to TIMEPIX et al.
Norwegian contribution - Example results 2. Development of annihilation detector - Novel strip detector Building a position sensitive strip detector to measure the annihilation of anti-hydrogen Initial requirements : - ~ 10 µm precision (25 µm pitch) - < 77 K operation - 1ms time resolution - 20 x 20 cm 2 area Additional new requirements : max 50 um thickness to avoid scattering vacuum separation window (UHV - UV) 10 x 8 cm 2 area Thanks to Chloe and Tim
AEGIS experiment - Example result 4. Novel beamline GRACE 250 200 500 400 Energy [kev] 150 300 100 200 50 100 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 One electrode bends the low energy antiprotons and the high energy particles, heavy fragments (background) goes straight Two Einzel lenses for focussing 300 um Timepix3 detector First measurements with this new setup last week, test-beam ongoing Result: single anti-protons at kev energies
AEGIS experiment - Example result 5. Positronium Research
Norwegian Contributions to AEGIS - Collaboration PhDs: Helga Holmestad (UiO), 2014-2018 (Stapnes/Sandaker/Røhne) Angela Gligorova (UiB), 2012-2015 (Sandaker/Pacifico/Doser) Postdoctor: Lillian Smestad (CERN), 2015-2018 Researchers: Torkjell Huuse (UiO), 2012-2015 Nicola Pacifico (UiB), 2012-2015 University staff: UiO: Ole Dorholt, David Bang (ELAB), UiO: Ole Røhne, Heidi Sandaker (High Energy Physics) UiB: Jan Petter Hansen (Atomic physics) UiB: Heidi Sandaker (Subatomic Physics), end 2018 Industrial partners: SINTEF: Ozhan Koybasi et al. IDEAS: Gunnar Mæhlum et al.
Norwegian Contributions to AEGIS - Funding 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 RCN: CERN related research project: ~2 MNOK RCN: Personal postdoctor grant (Smestad): ~2.4 MNOK RCN/UiB: FRINATEK Research project ~10.2 MNOK BRF/UiB: Bergen Research Foundation grant UiB: PhD Quota Scholarship PhD student finished
AEGIS experiment - Future plans Previous project Physics Run April 2018 Refurbishing of lab Project period Contributions to Testbeam Building 2nd generation detectors Test of 2nd generation detectors (sources) Future of AEGIS Norway meeting Final results for current project
Education and Outreach Slide from L. Smestad
Backup
AEGIS experiment - Current plans 3. Improved infrastructure in Oslo New clean room, thanks to the UiO MN faculty and the FI Currently refurbishing the new laboratory for better detector development Novel bonding machine arrived, the first in a series of new equipment, which is important for the current work on AEGIS Next step: We have material to build more silicon strip sensors, 2nd generation UiO FI Cleanroom - will be used for ATLAS upgrade as well as AEGIS etc.