Community Participation in Land Governance Through Citywide Community Mapping GLTN Learning Exchange, Bayview Hotel, Manila November 7, 2017

Community Participation in Land Governance Through Citywide Community Mapping GLTN Learning Exchange, Bayview Hotel, Manila November 7, 2017 Community-Led, Citywide Settlement Profiling and Mapping as Evidence-Based Approach To Land Governance: T h e C a s e O f M u n t i n l u p a C i t y, P h i l i p p i n e s

I. Project Background Metro Manila the Philippines National Capital Region (NCR) 16 cities, 1 municipality In 2010, Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) estimated that a total of 556,526 informal settler families (ISFs) 44.% of total population is urbanized (2015)* data.worldbank.org

The Informal Settlements No security of tenure Lack of basic infrastructure Limited access to capital Mostly vulnerable to natural hazards and high risk areas Oplan Likas an initiative of the government to move 104,000 ISFs from high risk areas using half a billion pesos. After three and a half years only 20,000 units were built Factors: Lack of affordable land & housing Land constraints The Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council estimated a 1.7 million housing backlog in Metro Manila in 2016 Challenge: The magnitude of the problem renders the traditional projectbased approach ineffectual. There is an urgent need to shift from project-based to programmatic approach to reach scale in a timely manner.

CITYWIDE COMMUNITY UPGRADING STRATEGY (2015) (also known as CDA or Citywide Development Approach to Informal Settlements Upgrading) A multi-stakeholder collaboration Key features: 1. Citywide in scope as it maps out all informal settlements in families in the area; 2. Community-led; 3. A partnership among city stakeholders; 4. Coordinated by the local or city government; 5. A citywide pooling of funds mobilized from various sources; and 6. An integration of solutions to land and housing problems with strategies to improve the socioeconomic status of the ISFs.

Muntinlupa City located in the southernmost part of Metro Manila and has a 11km Laguna de Bay shoreline. Accessible to Manila Central Business District in approximately one hour, it houses many commercial establishments and luxurious residential complexes nearly half of Muntinlupa s 460,000 residents belong to the urban poor sector. Based on 2007 LGU data, Muntinlupa has over 27,000 ISFsin 241 ISF communities scattered across 9 barangays. LGU prioritizes 9,000 ISF living in waterways and along the Lakeshore SUCAT BULI CUPANG ALABANG 4 BARANGAYS AS PILOT FOR CITYWIDE DEVELOPMENT APPROACH

The project deliverables include: 1. Collection of secondary data and provide analysis on housing needs and available resources; 2. Conduct of orientation and training of local government units (LGUs), communities, non-government organizations (NGOs) and people s organizations (POs) on community mapping and profiling; 3. Collection of primary data through community mapping and profiling in four (4) barangays in District II; 4. Encoding, analysis and validation gathered data; 5. Conduct of savings orientation, initiate network formation through barangay shelter development planning; 6. Consolidation of barangay shelter development plans into citywide shelter development plan; and 7. Prioritization of community housing project design and development.

Part II: Planning Approach and Framework Monitoring and Evaluation Participatory Planning Community-led Implementation PARTICIPATION Inclusion and Partnership Learning and Action Adaptation and Sustainability Participatory Assessment Community management and evaluation Capacitybuilding and Organizing

Data Collection Courtesy Calls Barangay Assembly Settlements Profiling - Visit to barangay local govt - Establish initial partnership and engagement - Formalize mapping activities with the settlements in their barangay - Orientation of the organized and non-organized communities in the barangay - Introduction and initial mapping with key leaders of the communities - This is done during the Barangay assembly - Preliminary identification of Settlements and basic information of the settlements (i.e. population, boundaries, issues, leadership status - Identify pilot communities

Data Collection Area Visits Spot Mapping Scaling and Structure Mapping - assess initial site conditions - identifying land marks - locating boundaries using GPS device - strcuture identification using base maps prepared after the ocular visit - confirmation of information like use and type of structure, no. of occupants, etc. - measuring of houses and translating them into the maps using color-coded papers -FGDs are organized for completion and validation of Settlements Profile - household level surveys

Data Analysis Consolidation of Primary and Secondary Data - Encoding and digitization of all primary and secondary data using Windows Excel, Google Earth, AutoCAD and STDM - Information collected was categorized into base data, demographic, social and organizational data, and spatial and physical data Presentation and Validation of Data - The consolidated and digitized data are now then presented and validated in an activity participated by the Barangay LGU, the communities, etc. - Using the Situational Analysis and Quadrant Categorizing System, the communities assess their situation based on an agreed set criteria to better provide corresponding strategies and interventions for settlements development

Categories of Data Base Data Demographic and Social Data Spatial and Physical - includes image data of the position or location of the structures or dwellings, as well as key infrastructures - this is the information coming from the surveys conducted using the settlements profile form and the household survey form these are data showing the constraints of the physical environment that may largely factor in the type of development to be undertaken in a particular area

Participatory Planning Barangay Shelter Planning - This refers to the actual barangay and city level planning using the analyzed and digitized data by the community. - Community networks are formed - Based on the data, priority communities were identified for Project Development to be presented and proposed to City LGU and Housing Agencies

Inclusive application and implementation of the Social Tenure Domain Model to enhance community development initiatives (2016) STDM Project is anchored on the original people-centered process of the previous project (CDA or CCUS Continuation of mapping, data processing and planning in the remaining 4 barangays in District 1 Conduct of STDM capacity building sessions in Muntinlupa City, Davao City and Talisay City

Part III: Outcomes and Impacts The communities have gained greater awareness of their own situation through their active participation in the mapping process; They were able to determine long term community needs (such as land acquisition or housing) as well as short term priorities (small upgrading, community organizing) Many communities that have been oriented on the community savings program have already started to implement it; The local governments, especially in Barangay Sucat, appreciated the data and maps generated by the mapping activity which they can use in their development programs. in a way, the information has helped authorities set their budget based on real needs of communities and is seen to serve as aid in developing their barangay shelter plans Related to this, the local government with the communities can formulate adaptation strategies either for in-city or off-city relocation Establishment of a Project Development Technical Working Group in Barangay Sucat that includes the Socialized Housing Finance Corporation (SHFC), City s Urban Poor Affairs Office, City Engineering Office and City Assessor s for the development of 5 priority communities

Part III: Outcomes and Impacts The CDA project created a venue or platform wherein all stakeholders can collaborate in the planning of the city; The platform served as means to influence the creation of the city s land-use plan The STDM Project enabled the linkage with several institutions such as the Geodetic Engineers of the Philippines National Capital Region (GEP-NCR) and University of the Philippines Department of Geodetic Engineering (UPDGE) The CCUS and STDM Projects together generated a citywide data for Muntinlupa City Other Philippine cities such as in Talisay in Cebu and Davao in Mindanao became interested and sought to adopt the people-centered approach to mapping and upgrading Opened up the doors to the ongoing activities of the Homeless People s Federation of the Philippines (HPFPI) and the Philippine Alliance under GLTN CSO urban cluster funding Heritage and Community Mapping Workshop in Talisay City

Part III: Outcomes and Impacts Formation and launching of active Technical Working Groups in each of the 8 barangays composed of community representatives and local executives from the barangay Launching and establishment of the Muntinlupa City STDM learning hub which hopes to facilitate the processing of community data gathered to be included in the City Shelter Plan

Mapping Core Team with Mayor Community Network formed as a result of Mapping

Part IV: Ways Forward Strengthening of community network of leaders (technical working groups) in the city through continuous capacity building in mapping related activities and savings implementation Consolidation of District 1 and 2 mapping information via the learning hub to come up with a citywide profile of informal settlement communities for Muntinlupa and present this to the city local housing board for incorporation to the city shelter plan and for project development Continuous training of the mapping team in the use of tools or strategies to help improve analysis of data generated (e.g to lessen data discrepancies or inconsistencies)

Part IV: Conclusion The mapping activities in Muntinlupa City have demonstrated that without accurate and comprehensive community information, neither communities nor governments will be able to overcome the challenges they face and work towards the eradication of poverty in the country. The results of community-led mapping and settlements profiling enabled the initiation of community formation of technical working groups among mapped ISF communities which capacitated them in: asserting their right towards land security; created a venue for close collaboration among various stakeholders in settlements development which further formed connections locally and internationally; paved the way for the LGU to recognize the potentials of CDA in addressing issues on land and poverty the introduction and use of collaborative land information tool such as STDM is seen to boost participation from communities, as they readily see outcomes in the form of maps that relate their individual information to their location or the land they live in.

Thank you!