BRIDGE FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION

Jackson Lake Road Bridge over Mackey Creek Henry County, Georgia BRIDGE FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION PROJECT NUMBER LOCATION (See Map) 8934 Jackson Lake Road Bridge over Mackey Creek, Henry County, Georgia GENERAL INFORMATION GEOLOGIC FORMATION The site is located within the Piedmont Physiographic Province of Georgia. According to the Geologic Map of Georgia by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, dated 1976, the geology underlying the site consists of biotitc gneiss, mica schist and amphibolite. SUBSURFACE FEATURES Fills soils were encountered to Elevation 574 feet in borings B-1 and B-3. The fill was generally described as silty sand or clayey silt with trace amounts of gravel. Standard penetration resistance values ranged from 6 to 19 blows-per-foot (bpf). Alluvial soils were encountered in borings B-2 and B-3 to Elevations 560 to 569 feet, respectively. The alluvium was generally described as silty sand, with standard penetration resistance values of 8 to 9 bpf. Residual soils were encountered in boring B-3 to Elevation 558 feet. The residual soils were generally described as silty sand, with standard penetration resistances of 12 to 15 bpf. Partially Weathered Rock (PWR) was first encountered in borings B-1 and B-2 at Elevations 574 and 560 feet, and extended to Elevations 568 to 559 feet, respectively. Auger refusal materials were encountered in all of the borings at Elevations 568 to 558 feet. Rock coring was conducted at boring B-1 from Elevation 568 to 563 feet. The core sample consisted of mica schist with a recovery of 95% and RQD of 36%. MAXIMUM PILE DESIGN LOADS END BEARING = 100 % FRICTION = 0% Bents 1 2 (50 ksi loading) HP 10 X 42 = 77 Tons HP 12 X 53 = 97 Tons HP 14 X 73 = 134 Tons HP 14 X 89 = 164 Tons HP 14 X 102 = 187 Tons HP 14 X 117 = 215 Tons February 1, 2016 Page 1 of 2

Jackson Lake Road Bridge over Mackey Creek Henry County, Georgia FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS PILE BENT BENTS ( PILE TYPE ) 1 2 Steel H ELEVATIONS BENTS MINIMUM TIP ESTIMATED TIP Bent 1 572 568 Bent 2 558 558 NOTES Elevations Approximate Elevations were provided by Moffatt & Nichol. PDO Driving resistance after Minimum Tip Elevations are achieved. Waiting Period None required. Theoretical Scour Appears feasible for the material encountered. Erosion We recommend the use of 24 inches of Type I riprap and filter fabric. Points Pile points are recommended for each pile at Bents 1 and 2 to insure adequate penetration into very dense soils and PWR. As Built Foundation Information The as built foundation information should be forwarded to the Geotechnical Engineering Bureau upon completion of the foundation system. Prepared By, PE Charles J. White GA Reg. No. 31774 Reviewed By, PE Randall L. Bagwell GA Reg. No. 26477 February 1, 2016 Page 2 of 2

APPENDIX A FIGURES AND MAPS

Project Site FIGURE 1 SITE LOCATION MAP SOURCE: Google Maps and Google Earth SCALE: NTS Moffatt & Nichol Proposed Jackson Lake Road Over Mackey Creek Bridge Replacement M&N Project Number: 8934 Henry County, Georgia NOVA Project Number 2015032

Subject Site FIGURE 2 AREA TOPOGRAPHIC MAP SOURCE: http://mapserver.mytopo.com SCALE: NTS Moffatt & Nichol Proposed Jackson Lake Road Over Mackey Creek Bridge Replacement M&N Project Number: 8934 Henry County, Georgia NOVA Project Number 2015032

Project Site FIGURE 3 REGIONAL GEOLOGY SOURCE: McConnell and Abrams, 1984 SCALE: NTS Moffatt & Nichol Proposed Jackson Lake Road Over Mackey Creek Bridge Replacement M&N Project Number: 8934 Henry County, Georgia NOVA Project Number 2015032

APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF CURRENT NOVA SOIL TEST BORINGS B-1 B-2 B-3 FIGURE 4 BORING LOCATION PLAN SOURCE: Preliminary Plan, Dated November 2015, Prepared by Moffat & Nichol SCALE: As shown Moffatt & Nichol Proposed Jackson Lake Road Over Mackey Creek Bridge Replacement M&N Project Number: 8934 Henry County, Georgia NOVA Project Number 2015032

FIGURE 5 SUBSURFACE PROFILE SOURCE: Preliminary Plan, Dated November 2015, Prepared by Moffat & Nichol SCALE: As shown Scale: As shown Date Drawn: January 13, 2016 MOFFATT & NICHOL Proposed Jackson Lake Road Over Mackey Creek Bridge Replacement M & N Project No.: 8934 Henry County, Georgia Drawn By: CT Checked By: CW NOVA Project Number 2015032

APPENDIX B SUBSURFACE DATA

KEY TO SYMBOLS AND CLASSIFICATIONS DRILLING SYMBOLS Split Spoon Sample Undisturbed Sample (UD) Standard Penetration Resistance (ASTM D1586 67) Water Table at least 24 Hours after Drilling Water Table 1 Hour or less after Drilling 100/2 Number of Blows (100) to Drive the Spoon a Number of Inches (2) NX, NQ Core Barrel Sizes: 2⅛ and 2 Inch Diameter Rock Core, Respectively REC Percentage of Rock Core Recovered RQD Rock Quality Designation Percentage of Recovered Core Segments 4 or more Inches Long Loss of Drilling Water MC Moisture Content Test Performed CORRELATION OF PENETRATION RESISTANCE WITH RELATIVE DENSITY AND CONSISTENCY SANDS SILTS and CLAYS Number of Blows, N Approximate Relative Density 0 4 Very Loose 5 10 Loose 11 30 Medium Dense 31 50 Dense Over 50 Very Dense Number of Blows, N Approximate Consistency 0 2 Very Soft 3 4 Soft 5 8 Firm 9 15 Stiff 16 30 Very Stiff 31 50 Hard Over 50 Very Hard DRILLING PROCEDURES Soil sampling and standard penetration testing performed in accordance with ASTM D1586 67. The standard penetration resistance is the number of blows of a 140 pound hammer falling 30 inches to drive a 2 inch O.D., 1⅖inch I.D. split spoon sampler one foot. Core drilling performed in accordance with ASTM D2113 62T. The undisturbed sampling procedure is described by ASTM D1587 67. Soil and rock samples will be discarded 60 days after the date of the final report unless otherwise directed.

SOIL CLASSIFICATION CHART COARSE GRAINED SOILS FINE GRAINED SOILS HIGHLY ORGANIC SOILS GRAVELS SANDS SILTS AND CLAYS Liquid Limit less than 50 SILTS AND CLAYS Liquid Limit 50 or more Clean Gravel GW Well graded gravel less than 5% fines GP Poorly graded gravel Gravels with Fines GM Silty gravel more than 12% fines GC Clayey gravel Clean Sand SW Well graded sand less than 5% fines SP Poorly graded sand Sands with Fines SM Silty sand more than 12% fines SC Clayey sand Inorganic CL Lean clay ML Silt Organic OL Organic clay and silt Inorganic CH Fat clay MH Elastic silt Organic OH Organic clay and silt Organic matter, dark color, organic odor PT Peat PARTICLE SIZE IDENTIFICATION GRAVELS Coarse ¾ inch to 3 inches Fine No. 4 to ¾ inch SANDS Coarse No. 10 to No. 4 Medium No. 40 to No. 10 Fine No. 200 to No. 40 SILTS AND CLAYS Passing No. 200

This information pertains only to this boring and should not be interpreted as being indicative of the site. Depth (feet) 0 5 10 15 20 25 TEST BORING RECORD B-1 Elevation (ft-msl) 585 580 575 570 565 560 PROJECT: Jackson Lake Rd over Mackey Creek PROJECT NO.: 2015032 CLIENT: Moffatt & Nichol PROJECT LOCATION: Henry County, Georgia LOCATION: Jackson ELEVATION: 586 feet-msl DRILLER: Piedmont Environmental Drilling LOGGED BY: Craig Tremblay DRILLING METHOD: Hollow Stem Auger DATE: January 5, 2016 DEPTH TO - WATER> INITIAL: N/E AFTER 24 HOURS: N/M CAVING> Description ASPHALT: 5 inches FILL: Loose brown silty medium to fine SAND Medium dense to loose reddish brown micaceous silty fine SAND; trace gravel PARTIALLY WEATHERED ROCK: Sampled as very dense brown black micaceous silty coarse to fine SAND Auger Refusal at 18 feet Intensely to moderately fractured slightly weathered Mica Schist REC: 95% RQD: 36% Rock Coring Terminated at 23 ft Graphic Groundwater Sample Type N-Value 7 19 15 7 100/10" REC 95 RQD 36 Graphic Depiction BLOW COUNT NATURAL MOISTURE PLASTIC LIMIT LIQUID LIMIT 10 20 30 40 60 100 30 555 35 550 Page 1 of 1

This information pertains only to this boring and should not be interpreted as being indicative of the site. Depth (feet) 0 5 10 15 20 25 TEST BORING RECORD B-2 Elevation (ft-msl) 585 580 575 570 565 PROJECT: Jackson Lake Rd over Mackey Creek PROJECT NO.: 2015032 CLIENT: Moffatt & Nichol PROJECT LOCATION: Henry County, Georgia LOCATION: Jackson ELEVATION: 586 feet-msl DRILLER: Piedmont Environmental Drilling LOGGED BY: Craig Tremblay DRILLING METHOD: Hollow Stem Auger DATE: January 5, 2016 DEPTH TO - WATER> INITIAL: 20 AFTER 24 HOURS: N/M CAVING> Description CONCRETE: 4.5 inches AIR ALLUVIUM: Loose brown silty coarse to fine SAND with gravel Graphic Groundwater Sample Type N-Value 8 Graphic Depiction BLOW COUNT NATURAL MOISTURE PLASTIC LIMIT LIQUID LIMIT 10 20 30 40 60 100 560 PARTIALLY WEATHERED ROCK: Sampled as very dense brown black micaceous silty medium to fine SAND Auger Refusal at 27 ft. 100/6" 30 555 35 550 Page 1 of 1

This information pertains only to this boring and should not be interpreted as being indicative of the site. Depth (feet) 0 5 10 15 20 25 TEST BORING RECORD B-3 Elevation (ft-msl) 585 580 575 570 565 560 PROJECT: Jackson Lake Rd over Mackey Creek PROJECT NO.: 2015032 CLIENT: Moffatt & Nichol PROJECT LOCATION: Henry County, Georgia LOCATION: Jackson ELEVATION: 586 feet-msl DRILLER: Piedmont Environmental Drilling LOGGED BY: Craig Tremblay DRILLING METHOD: Hollow Stem Auger DATE: January 5, 2016 DEPTH TO - WATER> INITIAL: 16 AFTER 24 HOURS: N/M CAVING> Description ASPHALT: 5 inches FILL: Loose reddish brown micaceous silty fine SAND Stiff reddish brown micaceous clayey SILT; trace gravel Loose reddish brown micaceous silty fine SAND ALLUVIUM: Loose brown silty coarse to fine SAND RESIDUUM: Medium dense yellowish brown micaceous silty fine SAND Medium dense tan brown micaceous silty medium to fine SAND Graphic Groundwater Sample Type N-Value 10 7 10 6 9 15 12 Graphic Depiction BLOW COUNT NATURAL MOISTURE PLASTIC LIMIT LIQUID LIMIT 10 20 30 40 60 100 30 555 Auger Refusal at 28 ft. 35 550 Page 1 of 1

APPENDIX C QUALIFICATIONS OF RECOMMENDATIONS

QUALIFICATIONS OF RECOMMENDATIONS The findings, conclusions and recommendations presented in this report represent our professional opinions concerning subsurface conditions at the site. The opinions presented are relative to the dates of our site work and should not be relied on to represent conditions at later dates or at locations not explored. The opinions included herein are based on information provided to us, the data obtained at specific locations during the study and our past experience. If additional information becomes available that might impact our geotechnical opinions, it will be necessary for NOVA to review the information, reassess the potential concerns, and re-evaluate our conclusions and recommendations. Regardless of the thoroughness of a geotechnical exploration, there is the possibility that conditions between borings will differ from those encountered at specific boring locations, that conditions are not as anticipated by the designers and/or the contractors, or that either natural events or the construction process have altered the subsurface conditions. These variations are an inherent risk associated with subsurface conditions in this region and the approximate methods used to obtain the data. These variations may not be apparent until construction. The professional opinions presented in this geotechnical report are not final. Field observations and foundation installation monitoring by the geotechnical engineer, as well as soil density testing and other quality assurance functions associated with site earthwork and foundation construction, are an extension of this report. Therefore, NOVA should be retained by the owner to observe all earthwork and foundation construction to document that the conditions anticipated in this study actually exist, and to finalize or amend our conclusions and recommendations. NOVA is not responsible or liable for the conclusions and recommendations presented in this report if NOVA does not perform these observation and testing services. This report is intended for the sole use of Moffat & Nichol only. The scope of work performed during this study was developed for purposes specifically intended by Moffat & Nichol and may not satisfy other user s requirements. Use of this report or the findings, conclusions or recommendations by others will be at the sole risk of the user. NOVA is not responsible or liable for the interpretation by others of the data in this report, nor their conclusions, recommendations or opinions. Our professional services have been performed, our findings obtained, our conclusions derived and our recommendations prepared in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical engineering principles and practices in the State of Georgia. This warranty is in lieu of all other statements or warranties, either expressed or implied.

Important Information about This Geotechnical-Engineering Report Subsurface problems are a principal cause of construction delays, cost overruns, claims, and disputes. While you cannot eliminate all such risks, you can manage them. The following information is provided to help. Geotechnical Services Are Performed for Specific Purposes, Persons, and Projects Geotechnical engineers structure their services to meet the specific needs of their clients. A geotechnical-engineering study conducted for a civil engineer may not fulfill the needs of a constructor a construction contractor or even another civil engineer. Because each geotechnical- engineering study is unique, each geotechnical-engineering report is unique, prepared solely for the client. No one except you should rely on this geotechnical-engineering report without first conferring with the geotechnical engineer who prepared it. And no one not even you should apply this report for any purpose or project except the one originally contemplated. Read the Full Report Serious problems have occurred because those relying on a geotechnical-engineering report did not read it all. Do not rely on an executive summary. Do not read selected elements only. Geotechnical Engineers Base Each Report on a Unique Set of Project-Specific Factors Geotechnical engineers consider many unique, project-specific factors when establishing the scope of a study. Typical factors include: the client s goals, objectives, and risk-management preferences; the general nature of the structure involved, its size, and configuration; the location of the structure on the site; and other planned or existing site improvements, such as access roads, parking lots, and underground utilities. Unless the geotechnical engineer who conducted the study specifically indicates otherwise, do not rely on a geotechnical-engineering report that was: not prepared for you; not prepared for your project; not prepared for the specific site explored; or completed before important project changes were made. Typical changes that can erode the reliability of an existing geotechnical-engineering report include those that affect: the function of the proposed structure, as when it s changed from a parking garage to an office building, or from a lightindustrial plant to a refrigerated warehouse; the elevation, configuration, location, orientation, or weight of the proposed structure; the composition of the design team; or project ownership. As a general rule, always inform your geotechnical engineer of project changes even minor ones and request an assessment of their impact. Geotechnical engineers cannot accept responsibility or liability for problems that occur because their reports do not consider developments of which they were not informed. Subsurface Conditions Can Change A geotechnical-engineering report is based on conditions that existed at the time the geotechnical engineer performed the study. Do not rely on a geotechnical-engineering report whose adequacy may have been affected by: the passage of time; man-made events, such as construction on or adjacent to the site; or natural events, such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, or groundwater fluctuations. Contact the geotechnical engineer before applying this report to determine if it is still reliable. A minor amount of additional testing or analysis could prevent major problems. Most Geotechnical Findings Are Professional Opinions Site exploration identifies subsurface conditions only at those points where subsurface tests are conducted or samples are taken. Geotechnical engineers review field and laboratory data and then apply their professional judgment to render an opinion about subsurface conditions throughout the site. Actual subsurface conditions may differ sometimes significantly from those indicated in your report. Retaining the geotechnical engineer who developed your report to provide geotechnical-construction observation is the most effective method of managing the risks associated with unanticipated conditions. A Report s Recommendations Are Not Final Do not overrely on the confirmation-dependent recommendations included in your report. Confirmationdependent recommendations are not final, because geotechnical engineers develop them principally from judgment and opinion. Geotechnical engineers can finalize their recommendations only by observing actual subsurface conditions revealed during construction. The geotechnical engineer who developed your report cannot assume responsibility or liability for the report s confirmation-dependent recommendations if that engineer does not perform the geotechnical-construction observation required to confirm the recommendations applicability. A Geotechnical-Engineering Report Is Subject to Misinterpretation Other design-team members misinterpretation of geotechnical-engineering reports has resulted in costly

problems. Confront that risk by having your geo technical engineer confer with appropriate members of the design team after submitting the report. Also retain your geotechnical engineer to review pertinent elements of the design team s plans and specifications. Constructors can also misinterpret a geotechnical-engineering report. Confront that risk by having your geotechnical engineer participate in prebid and preconstruction conferences, and by providing geotechnical construction observation. Do Not Redraw the Engineer s Logs Geotechnical engineers prepare final boring and testing logs based upon their interpretation of field logs and laboratory data. To prevent errors or omissions, the logs included in a geotechnical-engineering report should never be redrawn for inclusion in architectural or other design drawings. Only photographic or electronic reproduction is acceptable, but recognize that separating logs from the report can elevate risk. Give Constructors a Complete Report and Guidance Some owners and design professionals mistakenly believe they can make constructors liable for unanticipated subsurface conditions by limiting what they provide for bid preparation. To help prevent costly problems, give constructors the complete geotechnical-engineering report, but preface it with a clearly written letter of transmittal. In that letter, advise constructors that the report was not prepared for purposes of bid development and that the report s accuracy is limited; encourage them to confer with the geotechnical engineer who prepared the report (a modest fee may be required) and/ or to conduct additional study to obtain the specific types of information they need or prefer. A prebid conference can also be valuable. Be sure constructors have sufficient time to perform additional study. Only then might you be in a position to give constructors the best information available to you, while requiring them to at least share some of the financial responsibilities stemming from unanticipated conditions. Read Responsibility Provisions Closely Some clients, design professionals, and constructors fail to recognize that geotechnical engineering is far less exact than other engineering disciplines. This lack of understanding has created unrealistic expectations that have led to disappointments, claims, and disputes. To help reduce the risk of such outcomes, geotechnical engineers commonly include a variety of explanatory provisions in their reports. Sometimes labeled limitations, many of these provisions indicate where geotechnical engineers responsibilities begin and end, to help others recognize their own responsibilities and risks. Read these provisions closely. Ask questions. Your geotechnical engineer should respond fully and frankly. Environmental Concerns Are Not Covered The equipment, techniques, and personnel used to perform an environmental study differ significantly from those used to perform a geotechnical study. For that reason, a geotechnicalengineering report does not usually relate any environmental findings, conclusions, or recommendations; e.g., about the likelihood of encountering underground storage tanks or regulated contaminants. Unanticipated environmental problems have led to numerous project failures. If you have not yet obtained your own environmental information, ask your geotechnical consultant for risk-management guidance. Do not rely on an environmental report prepared for someone else. Obtain Professional Assistance To Deal with Mold Diverse strategies can be applied during building design, construction, operation, and maintenance to prevent significant amounts of mold from growing on indoor surfaces. To be effective, all such strategies should be devised for the express purpose of mold prevention, integrated into a comprehensive plan, and executed with diligent oversight by a professional mold-prevention consultant. Because just a small amount of water or moisture can lead to the development of severe mold infestations, many mold- prevention strategies focus on keeping building surfaces dry. While groundwater, water infiltration, and similar issues may have been addressed as part of the geotechnical- engineering study whose findings are conveyed in this report, the geotechnical engineer in charge of this project is not a mold prevention consultant; none of the services performed in connection with the geotechnical engineer s study were designed or conducted for the purpose of mold prevention. Proper implementation of the recommendations conveyed in this report will not of itself be sufficient to prevent mold from growing in or on the structure involved. Rely, on Your GBC-Member Geotechnical Engineer for Additional Assistance Membership in the Geotechnical Business Council of the Geoprofessional Business Association exposes geotechnical engineers to a wide array of risk-confrontation techniques that can be of genuine benefit for everyone involved with a construction project. Confer with you GBC-Member geotechnical engineer for more information. 8811 Colesville Road/Suite G106, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Telephone: 301/565-2733 Facsimile: 301/589-2017 e-mail: info@geoprofessional.org www.geoprofessional.org Copyright 2015 by Geoprofessional Business Association (GBA). Duplication, reproduction, or copying of this document, or its contents, in whole or in part, by any means whatsoever, is strictly prohibited, except with GBA s specific written permission. Excerpting, quoting, or otherwise extracting wording from this document is permitted only with the express written permission of GBA, and only for purposes of scholarly research or book review. Only members of GBA may use this document as a complement to or as an element of a geotechnical-engineering report. Any other firm, individual, or other entity that so uses this document without being a GBA member could be commiting negligent or intentional (fraudulent) misrepresentation.