Unit 6 Assessment PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST BOOKLET MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Compared to more developed countries, less developed countries have a higher percentage of workers in which sector of the economy? A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary E) quinary 2) Which of these industries is most dependent on low-cost labor? A) electronics B) automotive C) steel D) textile E) fabricated machinery 3) Which of the following is a reason for businesses moving their production facilities to another country? A) Faster transportation B) Lower taxes C) Cheap labor D) Fewer regulations E) All of the above 4) The attraction of the call center industry to locate in India can best be explained by A) wide use of English and the large number of working students. B) low wages and wide use of English. C) Indian students' ability to work at night and geographic situational factors. D) low wages and geographic situational factors. E) none of the above. 5) Approximately three-fourths of the world's industrial production is concentrated in four regions. Which of the following is NOT one of these four regions? A) Eastern North America B) Eastern South America C) East Asia D) Northwestern Europe E) Eastern Europe 6) The American Manufacturing Belt included each of the following states EXCEPT A) New York B) Illinois C) Pennsylvania D) Georgia E) Ohio 1
7) McDonald's uses an assembly line method in producing its fast food. In this form of production, unskilled workers operate single purpose machines to produce only the amount of food that there is expected to be a demand for on any given day, limiting the likelyhood that there will be large amounts of waste at the end of the day. Additionally, each night a delivery truck arrives to offload the supplies for the following day. This type of production would best be classified as: A) Fordist B) Post-Fordist C) Break-in-Bulk D) Offshoring E) Footloose 8) Beer bottling is an example of a A) communications-oriented industry. B) bulk-gaining industry. C) specialized industry. D) perishable industry. E) labor intensive industry. 9) Using the below data, which location would Weber say is most suitable for the location of a company's manufacturing plant? Location Transportation Labor Energy A $75 $300 $100 B $65 $250 $200 C $100 $50 $90 D $50 $100 $150 E $75 $150 $100 A) Location A B) Location B C) Location C D) Location D E) Location E 10) Eastern North America was the continent's manufacturing center in part because it had access to the continent's A) best-maintained transportation systems. B) most extensive sources of essential raw materials. C) most advantageous climate. D) largest markets. E) all of the above 11) The value of all the goods and services produced only within a country during the course of a year is referred to as A) GDP B) GNP C) GNI D) DTM E) HDI 12) Rostow's stages of development model predicts that each country's economy will progress from A) high literacy levels to low literacy levels B) low employment in tertiary activities to high employment in primary activities C) high consumption to ecological sustainability D) low per capita incomes to high per capita incomes E) high value output to low value output 2
13) A clustering of doctors' offices and pharmacies near hospitals is best explained by the benefits of A) decentralizatoin B) disenfranchisement C) deindustrialization D) locational interdependence E) intervening opportunities 14) The Industrial Revolution began in A) the late 1500s. B) the late 1700s. C) the late 1600s. D) the late 1900s. E) the late 1800s. 15) An example of a primary sector activity is A) education. B) retailing. C) manufacturing. D) mining. E) banking. 16) Which of the following groups do non-governmental organizations often target with their aid services as they attempt to promote economic development in lesser developed countries? A) children B) wealthy C) elderly D) men E) women 17) Which of the following international trade agreements reduced trade barriers between member states, resulting in an increase of trade as well as the movement of jobs from one country to another? A) OPEC B) SEATO C) NAFTA D) NATO E) All of the above 18) Because the motor vehicle assembly industry is typically described as a bulk-gaining industry, Honda's most important factor when selecting a location for a new assembly plant in the United States was A) the location of railroads. B) maximizing delivery time to customers. C) minimizing the cost of shipping inputs. D) the location of highways. E) minimizing the cost of shipping finished vehicles to its customers. 19) Research and development usually takes place in what type of country? A) semi-periphery B) underdeveloped C) developing D) periphery E) core 3
20) All of the following are considered more developed regions EXCEPT A) Europe B) North America C) Australia/Oceania D) East Asia E) North Africa. 21) The domestic or cottage industry system involved manufacturing A) cheeses and pastries. B) in the home. C) in small factories. D) of hand-made luxury goods. E) of steam engines. 22) The lowest-cost form of transporting goods very long distances is by A) truck. B) boat. C) ox cart. D) train. E) airplane. 23) The Industrial Revolution began in A) Russia. B) Great Britain. C) the Fertile Crescent. D) the United States. E) Japan. 24) During the 19th century, the transportation innovation that had the greatest impact on industry was the A) steam-powered locomotive B) jet airplane C) diesel truck D) solar-powered auto E) horse-drawn wagon 25) A company which uses more than one mode of transport will often locate near A) suburbs. B) raw materials. C) consumers. D) abundant energy supply. E) break-of-bulk points. 26) The new international division of labor reflects the growing importance of A) new infrastructure. B) outsourcing. C) vertical integration. D) just-in-time inventory management. E) access to raw materials. 27) Which of the following was NOT a factor for why the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain? A) Great Britain had numerous ports and navigatable rivers. B) Great Britain had an abundance of coal. C) Great Britain had few colonial markets. D) Great Britain had a positive flow of capital into the country. E) Great Britain had the highest wages in Europe. 4
28) A copper concentration mill tends to locate near a copper mine because it is a A) perishable industry. B) bulk-gaining industry. C) bulk-reducing industry. D) fabrication concentration point. E) specialized manufacturer. 29) Of the following, which is the best example of a footloose industry? A) furniture manufacturing B) steel production C) wine making D) computer chip manufacturing E) tuna canning 30) The "Four Economic Tigers" of East and Southeast Asia include A) China, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand B) China, Indonesia, Japan and Taiwan C) Hong, Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan D) Hong Kong, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam E) Japan, Philippines, South Korea, and Vietnam 31) The high tech firms of Silicon Valley and Bangalore are clustered together to take advantage of A) economies of scale B) cheap labor C) high-speed transportation D) agglomeration effects E) access to markets 32) Measurements of social welfare would include each of the following EXCEPT A) per capita income B) availability of sanitation services C) level of eductation D) quality of drinking water E) access to healthcare 33) In Sub-Saharan Africa, which of the following acts as a barrier to economic development? A) Widespread cases of malaria and AIDS. B) Poor education systems. C) Corrupt government officials. D) Political conflict between ethnic groups. E) All of the above. 34) The large percentage of population involved in agriculture in China indicates that A) factory production cannot expand. B) most people consume an inadequate amount of calories. C) few people are unemployed. D) most people must produce food for their own survival. E) the country imports most of its food. 5
35) Country X has a per capita GDP of $45,000, an average education of 12 years and a life expectancy of 82. Which country below would be the best match for Country X? A) India B) Japan C) Uganda D) Russia E) Peru 36) Kenya's leader has convinced his people to invest heavily in the areas of education and healthcare with the promise that these will eventually bring greater development. This country could be said to be in which stage of the Ladder of Development? A) Traditional B) Preconditions to Takeoff C) Takeoff D) Drive to Maturity E) High Mass Consumption 37) Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding Losch's locational theory? A) Businesses outside the zone of profitability are likely to fail in the long run. B) Profits decreases as one moves from the center of the zone of profitability. C) Businesses try to located in an area that promises some form of profit. D) New businesses do little to alter the location of the zone of profitability. E) Businesses should avoid the margins, even though a profit can still be made 38) People are more productive in more developed countries because they A) work harder. B) are better educated. C) have access to more technology. D) have a higher value added per person. E) understand their jobs better than workers in less developed countries. 39) In 2008, the per capita GDP in Sudan was about $1,500; this indicates that it is a A) has evenly distributed wealth. B) more developed country. C) petroleum exporting state. D) country with a high gross domestic product. E) less developed country. 40) According to this geographer, countries are part of an economic system whereby one group of countries provide cheap resources and labor to other group of countries, who then convert these into higher value goods that they sell back to the other group. This would accurately describe the viewpoints of which geographer? A) Rostow B) Wallerstein C) Hotelling D) McKinder E) Ravenstein 41) Compared to more developed countries, less developed countries typically have all but which of the following characteristics? A) higher crude birth rates B) higher rates of literacy C) lower percentage of elderly D) lower dependency ratios E) higher percentage of children under age fifteen 6
42) According to the global division of labor, in which tier of country would research and development likely take place? A) Semi-Periphery B) Periphery and Semi-Periphery C) Core D) Periphery E) Core and Periphery 43) Development refers to A) value of a product compared to the needed labor B) division of jobs into different sectors C) decrease in CO2 emissons D) value of the input of goods and services E) improvement in material conditions 44) Which of the following would NOT be one of the benefits of business locating next to one another? A) Businesses can keep an eye on their competition. B) Businesses can each garner a slice of the market on any given day. C) Businesses can share the same costs for things like transportation and labor. D) Businesses can avoid having to directly compete against one another. E) Businesses can draw greater numbers of customers to a single location. 45) The location theory that stresses the interdependence of like businesses/industries is that of A) Losch B) Hotelling C) Weber D) Rostow E) von Thunen 46) Which of the following is NOT an indicator of a country's level of development? A) age structure B) literacy rate C) natural increase rate D) crude death rate E) infant mortality rate 47) According to Rostow's development model, the process of development begins when A) take-off industries achieve technical advances. B) workers become more skilled and specialized. C) a high percentage of national wealth is allocated to nonproductive activities. D) banking institutions are sufficiently mature. E) an elite group initiates innovative activities. 48) is an example of a secondary sector activity. A) Education B) Mining C) Farming D) Manufacturing E) Banking 7
49) China's economy is booming. Modernization is spreading from only a few industries to many different industries. In which stage of Rostow's development model is China? A) Traditional B) Preconditions for Takeoff C) Takeoff D) Drive to Maturity E) High Mass Consumption 50) The biggest problem faced by less developed countries in financing development is A) identifying unique economic assets. B) promoting self-sufficiency. C) confrontation with more developed countries. D) inability to repay loans. E) currency inflation. 8