Seminar Container Securing on Container Vessels Part 1. May 11, 2012 Portoroz

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1 Seminar Container Securing on Container Vessels Part 1 University of Ljubljana May 11, 2012 Portoroz

2 Why pay keen attention to container securing?

3 Forces acting on container stack Wind load (only for wind exposed container on deck). Acceleration caused by vessel movement at sea.

4 Forces acting on container stack Wind load for exposed container on deck (acc. GL rules and regulations for container). 20 Container 40 Container. 15 kn 30 kn 2nd. tier 15 kn 30 kn 1st. tier 30 kn 60 kn

5 Forces acting on container stack Transverse acceleration bq (acc. GL rules and regulations). bq 1,00 0,95 0, ,85 0,80 0,75 0,70 0, ,60 0,55 0,50 transverse acceleration bq on weather deck GM=1,52m transverse acc. bq below weather deck GM=1,52m ,2 04 0,4 06 0,6 08 0,8 1 bq 1,00 0,95 0, ,85 0,80 0,75 0,70 0, ,60 0,55 0,50 distance from AP

6 Resulting forces applied to container Racking force A Transverse force applied to container end and door frames. => Can be reduced by using diagonal lashing elements. Lifting force B Vertical tension force applied to container corners, absorbed by Twistlocks. => Can be reduced by using diagonal / vertical lashing elements. A Post load C Vertical compression force applied to container posts. => Container weights have to be reduced. B D C Lashing load D Load in the lashing element. => Can be reduced by using additional diagonal lashing elements.

7 Forces acting on container stack

8 Permissible resulting forces on container GL LR BV ABS DNV Racking force 150 kn 150 kn 150 kn 150 kn 150 kn Lifting force Post load 250 kn 250 kn 250 kn 250 kn 250 kn 848 kn 848 kn 848 kn 848 kn 864 kn Lashing load - Long lashing - Short lashing (depends on the lashing angle) 245 kn 230 kn 245 kn 230 kn 245 kn 230 kn 245 kn 230 kn 245 kn 230 kn Red values => working load = proof load! Values valid for 20`/40` container acc. ISO , 1990.

9 Typical Container Accidents

10 Excessive racking forces Typical container damages

11 Excessive post load Typical container damages

12 Excessive lifting forces Typical container damages

13 Typical container damages

14 Certification of container securing equipment Type Approval Certificate No connection to one specific project. Available for standard products. Class batch test for 2-3 % of each product of a ship set up to defined proof load. Valid for limited period of time (4-5 years). Case by case approval For project specific equipment design. Class batch test for several peaces of each product of a ship set up to defined breaking load.

15 Cargo Securing Manual Class approved document required for all container vessels with class notation. Has to be kept on board! Vessel specific. Following class and IMO rules and regulations. Provides stowage and securing instructions for each container bay / stack: Principal stowage pattern Principal lashing pattern Vertical weight distribution Permissible stack weights Max. meta-centric height value (GM) Includes material list and class certificates for all container securing equipment on board. Contains handling and maintenance instructions for securing devices.

16 Cargo Securing Manual

17 Cargo Securing Manual

18 Calculation examples Mass shifting t 120 t 120 t Tier Approved stowage Proper deviating stowage Permissible value Improper deviating stowage overload Racking force 4 99 kn 90 kn 150 kn 166 kn X Lifting force kn 217 kn 250 kn 583 kn X Post load kn 826 kn 848 kn 1235 kn X

19 Calculation examples Wrong lashing t 120 t 120 t Tier Approved stowage Permissible value Improper deviating stowage 1 Improper deviating stowage 2 overload Racking force 4 99 kn 150 kn 99 / 154 kn (tier 1) 99 kn X / Lifting force kn 250 kn 339 kn 187 kn X / Post load kn 848 kn 847 kn 852 kn / X

20 Calculation examples Additional wind force t 120 t Tier Approved stowage Permissible value Improper deviating stowage overload Racking force 4 99 kn 150 kn 151 kn X Lifting force kn 250 kn 508 kn X Post load kn 848 kn 1148 kn X

21 Calculation examples Empty container t t Tier Approved stowage Permissible value Improper deviating stowage Racking force kn 150 kn 63 kn overload Lifting force kn 250 kn 340 kn X Post load kn 848 kn 638 kn

22 Calculation examples Additional Bridge Fittings t t t t Tier Approved stowage without t Permissible ibl Improper deviating stowage overload Bridge Fittings Value with Bridge Fittings Outmost stack Inner stack Outmost stack Inner stack Racking force kn 122 kn 150 kn 142 kn 123 kn Lifting force kn 250 kn 250 kn 224 kn 263 kn X Post load kn 840 kn 848 kn 812 kn 850 kn X

23 Inspection & maintenance Visual inspection of complete container securing equipment at fixed intervals acc. company s Safety Management Manual. Inspection and maintenance actions should be documented in the Cargo Securing Manual record-book.

24 Contact Head Office Germany, Bremen German Lashing Robert Böck GmbH Markus Theuerholz Marcusallee 9 D Bremen Germany Fon: Fax: mth@germanlashing.de Internet:

RULES FOR CLASSIFICATION Inland navigation vessels. Part 3 Structures, equipment Chapter 2 Design load principles. Edition December 2015 DNV GL AS

RULES FOR CLASSIFICATION Inland navigation vessels Edition December 2015 Part 3 Structures, equipment Chapter 2 s The content of this service document is the subject of intellectual property rights reserved