Air quality. EU GEMS project. European air quality satellite missions. Hennie Kelder. KNMI University of Technology, Eindhoven

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1 Air quality EU GEMS project European air quality satellite missions Hennie Kelder KNMI University of Technology, Eindhoven

2 Global and regional Earth-System (atmosphere) Monitoring using Satellite and in-situ data (GEMS) T. Hollingsworth 1, O. Boucher 2, H. Eskes 3, C. Granier 4, V.H. Peuch 5, P. Rayner 6, M. Schultz 7, A. Simmons 1, C. Textor 4 1 ECMWF; 2 UK Met Office; 3 KNMI, NL; 4 Service d'aéronomie CNRS, 5 Meteo-France; 6 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l Environnement; 7 Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany

3 Integrated Project of the 6 th EC Framework Programme part of the GMES (EC&ESA) Atmosphere theme 31 consortium members 4 years (started in March 2005) coordinated by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF

4 objectives and products installation New information requirements Policy Kyoto Protocol Montreal Protocol CLRTAP GMES Service Elements users Regional Air-Quality Monitoring & Forecast Environment Agencies Air quality users Health Agencies Science Improved Earth observations Instruments: satellite in-situ air-borne Atmosphere composition dynamics Land surface biomass burning vegetation Ocean data flow GEMS system Global real-time operational assimilation and forecast capability of aerosols, greenhouse gases and reactive gases. Improved forecasts for regional air quality from an ensemble of European air quality models. delivers GEMS products Information on atmospheric composition: Greenhouse gases Reactive gases Aerosols Regional air quality Monitoring, Assessment and Prediction Current status Sources, sinks, and transport Impact of global change responds to

5 Prime Objectives Creation of an operational system for greenhouse, reactive gases, and aerosols in the troposphere and in the stratosphere on the regional and on the global scale by early Production of near-real-time and retrospective analyses of global monitoring, and medium and short range forecasts of atmospheric chemistry and dynamics. Information relevant to the Kyoto and Montreal protocols, to the UN Convention on Long-Range Trans-boundary Air Pollution.

6 GEMS themes GHG GRG AER RAQ Greenhouse Gases (GHG) Global Reactive Gases (GRG) Aerosols (AER) Regional Air Quality (RAQ) Production (PRO) & Validation (VAL)

7 GEMS Project structure Products Users GHG Three individual global model systems AER GRG 11 separate regional systems RAQ time Policy GMES PRO Implementation into the ECMWF weather forecast model Construction of assimilation systems for GHG, GRG, and AER Projects Regional Global assimilation systems implemented in the ECMWF model GHG AER GRG 11 separate regional systems RAQ Separate reanalysis Air-Quality Monitoring Boundary conditions & Forecast PRO Validation Building of pre-operational system VAL Environmen t Agencies Unified global GEMS assimilation system at ECMWF GHG Oxidants Oxidants AER GHGs Optical GRG Properties 11 separate regional systems RAQ Unified Analysis Health Agencies Boundary conditions In-situ and satellite data Operational System Science

8 Regional Air Quality

9 Regional Air Quality (RAQ) Theme coordinator: Vincent-Henri Peuch, Meteo France, F Production of regional forecasts of chemical species and air quality indices based on an ensemble of air-quality models on the European scale RAQ MeteoFrance, France MetOffice, UK MOCAGE UMAQ GEMS CNRS,INERIS, France FMI, Finland CHIMERE SILAM AER GHG GRG FMI, Finland MATCH global system DMI, Denmark CAC NKUA, Greece UAM-V ISAC, Italy BOLCHEM met.no, Norway FRIUUK, Germany EMEP EURAD regional air quality archives GEMS web site SMHI Sweden MATCH European partner institutes European Center of Medium Range Weather Forecasts

10 Forecast from three European air quality model systems RAQ daily maxima of surface ozone [ug/m3] for 20/10/2006 CHIMERE MOCAGE EURAD CHIMERE (CNRS-INSU and INERIS) MOCAGE (Météo-France) EURAD (Rhenish Institute for Environ. Research, Univ. Köln)

11 WP-RAQ1 Two release test cases have been completed,

12 Data assimilation experiments at high resolution have started for a range of observation types, including satellite, profiles and surface observations. Surface NO 2 no assimilation 3D-var assimilation headlines: black: integration red: assimilation state (left) 2003/07/20-22

13 Schedule for GEMS, Q1-2 Q2-3 Q3-4 Q1 Q2-4 global Q1-2 regional Q2 Reanalyse with Greenhouse gas system Reanalyse with Aerosol system Reanalyse with Reactive Gas system Prepare integrated GEMS system Reanalyse as much as possible of with the unified system Start near-real time running of the global GEMS system and the 12 regional systems Transition the research system to operations Learn how to use OCO & GOSAT Reanalyse the Kyoto commitment period using all available satellite & in-situ data 2007 Submission new proposal to EU together with more European partners with stronger user involvement 2008 start new project

14 Sensing the troposphere from spac ongoing activities and plans in Euro

15 European effort for remote sensing of the air quality OMI SCIAMACHY METOP GOME-2, IASI Post-EPS Air quality/climate monitoring : Red = present or planned missions with air quality data Black = atmospheric composition missions not optimal for air quality

16 User requirements and plans for air quality missions ESA Capacity study, Sentinel 4 and 5, GEO and LEO respectively, operational monitoring atmospheric chemistry based on user requirements, European consortium, ESA Earth Explorer missions, TRAQ AIR QUALITY mission, process studies and monitoring, if selected 2016 Gapfiller, Nadir looking UV/VIS/NIR/SWIR instrument on small platform. National initiatives: Partners, NL, Fi, Belgium etc Eumetsat Post-EPS: Air quality monitoring, user requirements and specifications *

17 TROPOMI: TRAQ Payload Backscatter instrument (trop) columns of O 3, NO 2, SO 2, HCHO, aerosols & CO and CH 4. Swath 2600, 10 x 10 km2 Heritage: Aura-OMI, Envisat-Sciamachy SIFTI (FTIR): O 3, CO, CH 4 : trop columns and profiles with intelligent pointing for cloud free pixels. Swath 2000 km, 10 x 10 km2 Heritage: IASI OCAPI: POLDER type of instrument: AOD, single scattering albedo (ω( 0 ), Air quality index (AQI), aerosol sizes and aerosol type. Swath 2000 km, 5 x 5 km2 Heritage: POLDER, PARASOL

18 Thank you for your attention!

19 Model evaluation of O 3 with surface networks GRG O 3 : model vs. GAW & EMEP, monthly mean for August 2003 ppbv color shading: MOZART model symbols on top: station data Observed O 3 concentration generally matched by the MOZART model, but not during heat wave in August 2003.

20 WP-RAQ6 PM10 (ug/m3) Mean PM10 England Total deaths Poly. (Total deaths) /01/ /03/ /05/ /06/ /08/ /10/ /12/2003 Date Total deaths Total daily deaths in England and Wales against the average daily mean PM 10 from all monitoring sites in England (2003) Daily mean temperature from London Heathrow Against total daily deaths for England & Wales (2003) Temperature deg. C Temperature Total deaths 1800 Poly. (Total deaths) /01/ /03/ /05/ /06/ /08/ /10/ /12/2003 Date Total deaths

21 Model evaluation of tropospheric NO 2 column GRG Satellite: SCIAMACHY Model: MOZART with ECMWF meteorology MOZART Model agrees reasonably well with satellites. time: summer 2003 (months 5-8) unit: [10 15 molecules/cm 2 ] model not filtered to satellite overpass

22 Model evaluation of CO and O 3 with airborne observations from MOZAIC GRG Vertical profiles ~55 flights (before heatwave) Time series (850 hpa) MOZAIC measured Ozone MOZART modelled MOZAIC measured MOZART modelled CO Ozone heatwave measured modelled O 3 (ppb) height [m] CO measured modelled CO (ppb) O 3 (ppb) CO (ppb) July August over Frankfurt, summer 2003 Peak of 2003 heat wave unsuccessful!