Geography (Specification B) 40352F & 40352H INSERT. General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier and Higher Tier January 2013

Transcription

1 A General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier and Higher Tier January 2013 Geography (Specification B) Unit 2 Hostile World 40352F & 40352H Friday 25 January am to am INSERT [Turn over]

2 2 FIGURE 1 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 1 Arctic Ocean North American Plate Eurasian Plate Tropic of Cancer Atlantic Ocean African Plate Equator Pacific Ocean Tropic of Capricorn Pacific Plate Nazca Plate Antarctic Plate South American Plate Indo Australian Plate KEY Plate boundary Tropical storm track Earthquake zone Some significant wildfires ( ) Pacific Plate Pacific Ocean

3 3 W 3 E 6 E 6 E 9 E 9 E 12 E 12 E 15 E 15 E 18 E 9 N 0 [Turn over] KEY 9 S 18 W C 9 S 18 E 6 S 6 W 3 E 6 S 9 W 3 S 12 W 3 W 3 S 15 W 6 W 3 N 9 W 3 N 12 W 6 N 15 W 6 N 18 W 9 N FIGURE 2 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 1 3

4 4 FIGURE 3 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 2 (a) N San Francisco Pacific Ocean California Los Angeles km San Diego Mexico KEY Major city State boundary County boundary Area of countryside (including forest) where housing could be built in the future. Large area Medium area Small area The larger the area of countryside in which housing could be built, the greater the possibility of wildfires in the future. Many of the homes already built in the countryside areas are log cabins. There is an increasing demand for second homes.

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6 6 FIGURE 5 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 3 (a) FOUNDATION TIER Figure 5, which shows information about a tropical storm (Cyclone Sidr) and Bangladesh, is not reproduced here due to third-party copyright constraints.

7 7 FIGURE 5 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 3 (a) HIGHER TIER Figure 5, which shows information about a tropical storm (Cyclone Sidr) and Bangladesh, is not reproduced here due to third-party copyright constraints. [Turn over]

8 8 FIGURE 7 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 4 In January 2010 an earthquake of strength 7.0 on the Richter scale happened in Haiti. About people died and 1.2 million were made homeless. The effects of the earthquake were twice as bad as any previous earthquake of the same strength in Haiti. Population and levels of shaking in some major cities in Haiti Earthquakes are not common in Haiti POPULATION KEY Light Level of shaking KEY G = Gressier C = Carrefour L = Leogane P = Port-au-Prince CITY Moderate Strong G C L D = Delmas M = Miragoane V = Verettes P D Very strong Severe M Violent V The earthquake epicentre was near to the surface. Earthquake building codes are not used in Haiti. We cannot predict when and where an earthquake will happen. Sometimes even reinforced buildings can collapse. HAITI FACT FILE 80% of the population lives on less than US$2 a day. Only 10% of people have internet access. Haiti has no army, navy or air force. Port-au-Prince is one of the most densely populated cities in the world. It took days for expert help to reach Haiti.

9 9 FIGURE 8 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 5 Tropic of Cancer Equator Tropic of Capricorn KEY Hot desert Tropical rainforest Tundra Polar [Turn over]

10 9 W D B 6 W 3 W 3 W C 3 E 3 E +4 6 E 6 E 9 E 9 E 12 E 12 E 15 E 15 E 18 E 9 N KEY W +3 C 9 S 18 E 6 S 6 S 9 S 18 W 3 S 3 S 3 N 12 W 9 W 3 N 15 W 12 W 6 N A 15 W 6 N 18 W 9 N FIGURE 9 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 5 10

11 11 FIGURE 10 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 6 Figure 10, which shows a map of Spain containing information about the risk of desertification in Spain, is not reproduced here due to third-party copyright constraints. SPAIN WARNS DESERT IS SPREADING Large areas of Spain are at risk of being turned into a desert. The population along the Mediterranean coast of Spain continues to increase and more holiday homes and other tourist developments are built each year. This is putting pressure on water resources. [Turn over]

12 12 FIGURE 12 FOR USE WITH QUESTION 7 Figure 12, which shows information about deforested areas of the Amazon region in Brazil in 2006 and in 2030 (estimate), is not reproduced here due to third-party copyright constraints.

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14 14 BLANK PAGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT-HOLDERS AND PUBLISHERS Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements in future papers if notified. Figures 2 and 9: Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, The Met. Office Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence V1.0 Figures 7 and 8: Copyright 2013 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. G/K /Jan13/40352F&H 2/2/2