A Review of Winter Chilling Requirements in Pecan. Eric T. Stafne Associate Extension and Research Professor Mississippi State University
|
|
- Meredith Mills
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 A Review of Winter Chilling Requirements in Pecan Eric T. Stafne Associate Extension and Research Professor Mississippi State University
2 What is Chilling? A physiologically mandated rest period Also called Dormancy Helps to regulate timing of budbreak Begins in late summer when shoot growth stops
3 Chilling Accumulation Occurs when temperatures are below 45 F but above 32 F If below 32 F, then no accumulation (too cold) If above 45 F, then no accumulation (too warm) If temperatures get too hot (above ~70 F) then chilling can be lost
4 Rest Control Rest is controlled by several factors: Exposure of buds to cold temperatures Homones such as abscissic acid Light intensity Day length
5 Quiescence A state that is temporary and of usually short duration The in-between period when chilling has been satisfied but heat accumulation not met No budbreak occurs
6 Heat Accumulation When temperatures are sufficiently warm enough to satisfy end the quiescent phase of dormancy If not enough chilling then more heat needed for budbreak
7 Budbreak Closely associated with chilling requirement Long chilling requirement = later initiation of growth Short chilling requirement = earlier initiation of growth
8 Budbreak Regulation An evolutionary survival mechanism Allows for adaptation of the species throughout a large range Varies throughout the native range
9 Deficiency of Chilling In southern areas Results in: Prolonged dormancy Delayed leafing out Increase in fruit drop Reduced yields
10 New Climate Concerns Early Spring re-initiation of growth Cold weather and damaging frosts still possible, more likely farther north Mississippi has a continental climate with wildly fluctuating winter temperatures (esp. N. MS)
11 The Role of Chilling Hours First described for pecans in 1925 by Waite A few studies done to determine chilling requirements for different pecan cultivars
12 McEachern et al Used non-terminal stem cuttings Desirable and Mahan required 500 hours of chilling Stuart required 600 hours
13 Amling and Amling 1980 Used detached cuttings Mahan, Success, Desirable, and Schley required hours Stuart required hours Rest intensity enhanced if trees have green leaves or fruit when exposed to chilling temperatures
14 Smith et al Used seedlings Found that terminal buds had lower chilling requirement than lateral buds (Kuden et al found differences between male and female flowers too) Days to budbreak declined as chilling hours increased
15 More Smith Uniformity of budbreak associated with increase in chilling hours Dodd seedling required 900 hours
16 Sparks 1993 Used own rooted Stuart Found that Stuart could break bud without any chilling
17 More Sparks Chilling decreased the number of days to budbreak 0 chilling hours = 44 days to budbreak 800 chilling hours = 22 days to budbreak
18 The Role of Heat Accumulation Heat is required for budbreak Budbreak occurs under an interaction of chilling and heating
19 Heat Accumulation Date of budbreak varies depending on the rate of heat accumulation following completion of chilling If sufficient heat is accumulated without chilling budbreak can still occur
20 Sparks 1993 Budbreak determined by interaction of low followed by high temperatures Heat requirement decreased with increased chill accumulation Budbreak could occur without chilling as long as heat accumulation met However, variability in budbreak occurred
21 Heat Requirements Sparks (1993) found that temperatures less than 36 F did not promote budbreak The most efficient temperature to base chill and heat accumulation was 39 F
22 Conclusions Budbreak is under an interaction between chilling and heat accumulation Variability among different pecan genotypes is under genetic, and not environmental, control Most pecans grown here fall between hours
23 More Conclusions Pecan genotypes are genetically programmed to have certain chilling requirements Mississippi has a wide range of chilling But, most years the chilling requirement is met
24 Home Page
25 Current Location
26 Click on Map works for any location
27 Specific Location in Mississippi
28 Enter by Zip Code
29 Just a Little Patience The calculations can take some time Complex calculations from another database (Weather underground) Let us know if you see areas that need improvement
30 Comments Most accurate measurement of chill hours is from a device within your field. Data in this application is based on actual measurements, but use as a general guideline and not as an exact value because weather varies from location to location. This app has been created to help Mississippi fruit/nut growers assess growing conditions that impact plant physiology and to help them prepare for events in the upcoming season. If you have questions or comments, please contact Eric Stafne at eric.stafne@msstate.edu
31 Computer or Mobile device 1. Type in this URL on mobile device (e.g. smartphone, tablet) also works on Desktop computers 2. It asks you to save it to your home screen 3. It creates icon like any other app 4. Done and enjoy!
PHYSIOLOGY AND MAINTENANCE Vol. V - Phenology of Trees and Other Plants in the Boreal Zone Under Climatic Warming - Heikki Hänninen
PHENOLOGY OF TREES AND OTHER PLANTS IN THE BOREAL ZONE UNDER CLIMATIC WARMING Heikki Hänninen Department of Ecology and Systematics, University of Helsinki, Finland Keywords: Bud burst, boreal zone, climatic
More informationOperational MRCC Tools Useful and Usable by the National Weather Service
Operational MRCC Tools Useful and Usable by the National Weather Service Vegetation Impact Program (VIP): Frost / Freeze Project Beth Hall Accumulated Winter Season Severity Index (AWSSI) Steve Hilberg
More information3 Plant Development and Responses
CHAPTER 13 3 Plant Development and Responses SECTION Plant Processes 7.1.f, 7.5.a California Science Standards BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions:
More informationUnderstanding Cranberry Frost Hardiness
40 Understanding Cranberry Frost Hardiness Beth Ann A. Workmaster and Jiwan P. Palta Department of Horticulture University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 phone: (608) 262-5782 or 262-5350 email: palta@calshp.cals.wisc.edu
More informationPlant Growth and Development
1. Define plasticity. Give an example? A: Plant Growth and Development The ability of the plants to follow different pathways in response to the environment or phases of life to form different kinds of
More informationClass XI Chapter 15 Plant Growth and Development Biology
Question 1: Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, determinate growth, meristem and growth rate. (a) Growth It is an irreversible and permanent process, accomplished
More informationClass XI Chapter 15 Plant Growth and Development Biology
Question 1: Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, determinate growth, meristem and growth rate. (a) Growth It is an irreversible and permanent process, accomplished
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE. Botany. Department of. and. Plant Sciences.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE Department of Botany and Plant Sciences www.ucr.edu $Plant Growth Regulator $ Strategies and Avocado Phenology and Physiology $ $ Carol Lovatt Professor of Plant Physiology
More informationPlant. Responses and Adaptations. Plant Hormones. Plant Hormones. Auxins. Auxins. Hormones tell plants:
Plant Responses and Adaptations Plant Hormones Hormone - a substance that is produced in 1 part of an organism & affects another part of the same individual (a chemical messenger) Plant hormones are chemical
More informationIPC 24th Session, Dehradun Nov 2012
Tree species that occupy large ranges at high latitude must adapt to widely variable growing periods associated with geography and climate. Climate driven adaptive traits in phenology and ecophysiology
More informationPLANT PHYSIOLOGY. a- Photoperiodism c- Vernalization. b- Auxin precursors d- plant development.
Benha university Faculty of science Botany Department Micro&chem.. 3 th year Exam. 2013 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY Q1: Define the following:- a- Photoperiodism c- Vernalization b- Auxin precursors d- plant development.
More informationChilling and Heating Model for Pecan Budbreak Darrell Sparks 1
J. AMER. SOC. HORT. SCI. 118(1):29-35. 1993. Chilling and Heating Model for Pecan Budbreak Darrell Sparks 1 Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 Additional index words. Carya
More informationPlant Responses and Adaptations Video
Plant Responses and Adaptations Video Hormone -a substance that is produced in one part of an organism & affects another part of the same individual Plant hormones are chemical substances Control a plant
More informationEFFECTS OF CROP LOAD ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF CITRUS
EFFECTS OF CROP LOAD ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF CITRUS HOS 6545 ADVANCED CITRICULTURE I Regulation of Vegetative Growth L. GENE ALBRIGO Smith, P.F. 1976. Collapse of Murcott tangerine trees. J. Amer. Soc.
More informationUseful Propagation Terms. Propagation The application of specific biological principles and concepts in the multiplication of plants.
Useful Propagation Terms Propagation The application of specific biological principles and concepts in the multiplication of plants. Adventitious Typically describes new organs such as roots that develop
More informationCONTROL SYSTEMS IN PLANTS
AP BIOLOGY PLANTS FORM & FUNCTION ACTIVITY #5 NAME DATE HOUR CONTROL SYSTEMS IN PLANTS HORMONES MECHANISM FOR HORMONE ACTION Plant Form and Function Activity #5 page 1 CONTROL OF CELL ELONGATION Plant
More informationSEED DORMANCY. Seed dormancy definitions. Seed dormancy. Seed dormancy 10/14/2013
Seed dormancy definitions SEED DORMANCY Seed dormancy is a survival mechanism by which seeds can delay germination until the right environmental conditions for seedling growth and development. Seed dormancy
More informationEVALUATION OF AVOCADO COLD HARDINESS
Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 88:496-499. 1975. EVALUATION OF AVOCADO COLD HARDINESS R. S. Scorza and W. J. Wiltbank IFAS Fruit Crops Department, Gainesville Abstract Cold hardiness of 'Gainesville' cuttings,
More information1. Bud or node: Out of this either a leaf or a fruit-bearing shoot will develop.
8 2 0 4 Bud Bud or or node: node: Out Out of of this this either either a leaf leaf or or a fruit-bearing fruit-bearing shoot shoot will will develop. develop. 2 Inflorescence: The flowers of the grapevine.
More informationWaterlogging tolerance of trees
Waterlogging tolerance of trees Tapani Repo, Metla Silviculture in Changing Environment, Nov. 24-25, 2014 Contents Motivation Background concerning waterlogging tolerance An example of dormancy waterlogging
More informationCLIMATE RESILIENCE FOR ALBERTA MUNICIPALITIES CLIMATE PROJECTIONS NORTHERN ALBERTA. Dr. Mel Reasoner Reasoner Environmental Consulting
CLIMATE RESILIENCE FOR ALBERTA MUNICIPALITIES CLIMATE PROJECTIONS NORTHERN ALBERTA Dr. Mel Reasoner Reasoner Environmental Consulting Probability of occurrence Increase in Mean Temperature & Variance Less
More informationName Class Date. In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.
Assessment Chapter Test B Plant Responses In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. 1. thigmonasty 2. auxin 3. ethylene 4. phytochrome 5. abscisic
More informationPRACTICE EXAM HORT 201 2nd EXAM from Fall 1999
PRACTICE EXAM HORT 201 2nd EXAM from Fall 1999 1) Which of the following is the naturally occurring auxin in plants? a) indolebutyric acid b) naphthaleneacetic acid c) indoleacetic acid d) zeatin e) kinetin
More informationLight. Bedding Plants
Temperature and Light on Bedding Plants Michigan State University research shows what effects temperature and light intensity have on bedding plant production. By Lee Ann Pramuk and Erik Runkle Figure
More informationUnderstanding Plant Life Cycles
Lesson C3 2 Understanding Plant Life Cycles Unit C. Plant and Soil Science Problem Area 3. Seed Germination, Growth, and Development Lesson 2. Understanding Plant Life Cycles New Mexico Content Standard:
More information2012 Growing Season. Niagara Report. Wayne Heinen
2012 Growing Season Niagara Report Wayne Heinen Overview The 2012 growing season was a phenomenal one for grapes. Vines entered bud break in good shape following a mild winter. The spring of 2012 was similar
More informationSection 1: Overhang. Sizing an Overhang
Section 1: Overhang A horizontal overhang is a straightforward method for shading solar glazing in summer. Passive heating strategies call for major glazed areas (solar glazing) in a building to be oriented
More informationGenetic Response to Rapid Climate Change
Genetic Response to Rapid Climate Change William E. Bradshaw & Christina M. Holzapfel Center for Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA Our Students & Post-Doctoral
More informationAssisted colonization of native forbs the use of climate-adjusted provenances. Sue McIntyre
Assisted colonization of native forbs the use of climate-adjusted provenances Sue McIntyre Why move grassland forbs? Grassland forbs need help populations are depleted and fragmented. Climate change likely
More informationGridded Spring Forecast Maps for Natural Resource Planning
Gridded Spring Forecast Maps for Natural Resource Planning Alyssa Rosemartin Partner and Application Specialist USA National Phenology Network National Coordinating Office What s Phenology Phenology refers
More informationTREES. Functions, structure, physiology
TREES Functions, structure, physiology Trees in Agroecosystems - 1 Microclimate effects lower soil temperature alter soil moisture reduce temperature fluctuations Maintain or increase soil fertility biological
More informationPlant Growth and Development
Plant Growth and Development Concept 26.1 Plants Develop in Response to the Environment Factors involved in regulating plant growth and development: 1. Environmental cues (e.g., day length) 2. Receptors
More informationPlant hormones: a. produced in many parts of the plant b. have many functions
Plant hormones: a. produced in many parts of the plant b. have many functions Illustrated with 4 plant hormones: Gibberellins Auxin Cytokinins Ethylene Gibberellins Gibberellins illustrate how plant hormones
More informationBio 100 Guide 27.
Bio 100 Guide 27 http://www.offthemarkcartoons.com/cartoons/1994-11-09.gif http://www.cneccc.edu.hk/subjects/bio/album/chapter20/images/plant_growth.jpg http://pgjennielove.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/apical_meristem.png
More informationUnit 2 Text Worksheet # 2
Unit 2 Text Worksheet # 2 Read Pages 74-77 1. Using fig. 5.1 on page 75 identify: Climatic Region the most widespread climatic region in the low latitudes two climatic subregions with dry conditions for
More informationWEATHER AND CLIMATE SCIENCE
WEATHER AND CLIMATE SCIENCE 4-H-1023 LEVEL 1 Reference in this publication to any specific commercial product, process, or service, or the use of any trade, firm, or corporation name is for general informational
More informationThe first calibrachoas
Calibrachoa Photoperiod Requirements University of Florida research helps you determine which calibrachoa varieties are best for early spring production, hot-weather production and fall flowering. Rose
More informationUnusual Spring 2007 Weather Conditions Destroy Illinois Peach Crop
Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science received 6/14/07 (2007), Volume 100, #3&4, pp. 225-235 accepted 10/27/07 Unusual Spring 2007 Weather Conditions Destroy Illinois Peach Crop David Changnon
More informationStructures and Functions of Living Organisms
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms Date: 6.L.1 Understand the structures, processes and behaviors of plants that enable them to survive and reproduce. 6.L.1.1 Summarize the basic structures and
More informationPlant Juvenility Text Pages: 15 18,
45 Plant Juvenility Text Pages: 15 18, 613 619. Objectives: 1. Be able to describe and explain terms related to plant aging. 2. Be able to explain how a woody plant contains tissue of different ontogenetic
More informationUsing Sprinklers to Reduce Freeze Injury to Blueberries
Using Sprinklers to Reduce Freeze Injury to Blueberries Mark Longstroth Extension Small Fruit Educator Paw Paw, Michigan Cold Front Coming Types of Frost Radiation Clear skies Calm Winds Advective Cold
More informationGarden Mum Crop Scheduling October 3, 2018 Mark Smith
Garden Mum Crop Scheduling October 3, 2018 Mark Smith mark.a.smith@syngenta.com 2018 Syngenta. Some or all of the varieties may be protected under one or more of the following: Plant Variety Protection,
More informationA. Stimulus Response:
Plant Hormones A. Stimulus Response: A house plant on a windowsill grows light. If you rotate the plant, it reorients its growth until its leaves face the window again. The growth of a shoot towards light
More informationA WEB-BASED MODEL FOR ESTIMATING WINTER SURVIVAL IN CEREALS
A WEB-BASED MODEL FOR ESTIMATING WINTER SURVIVAL IN CEREALS D. B. Fowler 1 and K. Greer 2 1 Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8 2 Western Ag Innovations, Saskatoon,
More informationMODELLING FROST RISK IN APPLE TREE, IRAN. Mohammad Rahimi
WMO Regional Seminar on strategic Capacity Development of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in RA II (Opportunity and Challenges in 21th century) Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 3-4 December 2008
More informationCelebrate Spring! Vernal Equinox
Celebrate Spring! Vernal Equinox In temperate climates that is, climates which have varying temperatures and seasons spring brings lots of changes to our world. The official first day of spring is called
More informationHow Do the Great Lakes Modify the Growing Season?
How Do the Great Lakes Modify the Growing Season? Using agricultural product and frost maps and an infrared satellite image, students develop a hypothesis about the effect of the lakes on growing seasons.
More informationControl of Plant Height and Branching in Ornamentals. Ep Heuvelink. Horticulture and Product Physiology group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands
Control of Plant Height and Branching in Ornamentals Ep Heuvelink Horticulture and Product Physiology group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands Compact plants = desired external quality Currently often
More informationWorkshop on Drought and Extreme Temperatures: Preparedness and Management for Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery
Workshop on Drought and Extreme Temperatures: Preparedness and Management for Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery 16-17 Feb.2009, Beijing, China Modeling Apple Tree Bud burst time and frost risk
More informationCh 25 - Plant Hormones and Plant Growth
Ch 25 - Plant Hormones and Plant Growth I. Patterns of plant growth A. Plant continue to grow, even in old age. i.e. new leaves, needles, new wood, new cones, new flowers, etc. B. Meristem continues to
More informationEcology Student Edition. A. Sparrows breathe air. B. Sparrows drink water. C. Sparrows use the sun for food. D. Sparrows use plants for shelter.
Name: Date: 1. Which of the following does not give an example of how sparrows use resources in their environment to survive? A. Sparrows breathe air. B. Sparrows drink water. C. Sparrows use the sun for
More informationPart I Absorbtion and Reflection
A Colorful Picnic with Photosynthetic Pathways and RuBisCO on the Menu by David J. Grisé Oso Bay Educational Consulting, Corpus Christi, TX Part I Absorbtion and Reflection Hey Ben, this looks like a nice
More informationUnit D: Energy Flow in Global Systems. Biosphere and Climate
Unit D: Energy Flow in Global Systems Biosphere and Climate CLIMATE: the average weather conditions of a region over a long time (at least 30 years). WEATHER: conditions of temperature, air pressure,
More informationcan affect division, elongation, & differentiation of cells to another region of plant where they have an effect
Note that the following is a rudimentary outline of the class lecture; it does not contain everything discussed in class. Plant Hormones Plant Hormones compounds regulators growth or can affect division,
More informationFalling Tree Leaves: Leaf Abscission by Dr. Kim D. Coder, School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia 12/99
Falling Tree Leaves: Leaf Abscission by Dr. Kim D. Coder, School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia 12/99 Introduction Trees loose their leaves by design. When leaves become inefficient and unable
More informationFrost Management. Recommended Practices
Frost Management Cranberries, like many other temperate crops, are sensitive to below-freezing temperatures during the active growing season. This sensitivity is an important factor in cranberry management.
More informationProtecting Blueberries from Freezes in Florida 1
HS968 1 J. G. Williamson, P. M. Lyrene, and J. W. Olmstead 2 Introduction Blueberries bloom in late winter or early spring in Florida, making the flowers and young fruit highly susceptible to freeze and
More information2012 will likely be remembered for the significant cold injury damage that occurred to fruit during the spring season. Our scheduled first speaker
2012 will likely be remembered for the significant cold injury damage that occurred to fruit during the spring season. Our scheduled first speaker this afternoon was unable to attend today. Unable to secure
More informationremain on the trees all year long) Example: Beaverlodge, Alberta, Canada
Coniferous Forest Temperature: -40 C to 20 C, average summer temperature is 10 C Precipitation: 300 to 900 millimeters of rain per year Vegetation: Coniferous-evergreen trees (trees that produce cones
More informationClimates of Earth. Lesson Outline LESSON 1. A. What is climate? 1. is the long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region.
Lesson Outline LESSON 1 A. What is climate? 1. is the long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region. 2. Climate depends on how average weather conditions throughout the year. B.
More informationMajor Plant Hormones 1.Auxins 2.Cytokinins 3.Gibberelins 4.Ethylene 5.Abscisic acid
Plant Hormones Lecture 9: Control Systems in Plants What is a Plant Hormone? Compound produced by one part of an organism that is translocated to other parts where it triggers a response in target cells
More informationHigh autumn temperature delays spring bud burst in boreal trees, counterbalancing the effect of climatic warming
Tree Physiology 23, 931 936 2003 Heron Publishing Victoria, Canada High autumn temperature delays spring bud burst in boreal trees, counterbalancing the effect of climatic warming O. M. HEIDE Department
More informationName Date Class. As you read Chapter 12, which begins on page 278 of your textbook, answer the following questions.
CHAPTER 12 DIRECTED READING WORKSHEET Plant Processes As you read Chapter 12, which begins on page 278 of your textbook, answer the following questions. Strange but True! (p. 278) 1. How do wasps act as
More informationCold-Hardiness Testing of Conifer Seedlings1
Cold-Hardiness Testing of Conifer Seedlings1 Karen E. Burr, Stephen J. Wallner, and Richard W. Tinus 2 Abstract.--This paper briefly describes the results of preliminary experiments designed to test four
More informationChill Hour Assessment for the Yuma Area
Chill Hour Assessment for the Yuma Area Item Type text; Article Authors Brown, Paul W. Publisher College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Journal Deciduous Fruit and Nut: A College of
More informationRegulatory Systems in Plants (Ch 39)
Regulatory Systems in Plants (Ch 39) Plants show complex responses to environmental stimuli Problem: no nervous system (detection) & no muscular system (response) Various mechanisms for detecting stimuli
More informationCatasetum and Cycnoches Part 5 Growth Cycle
BEGINNER'S SERIES 29 Catasetum and Cycnoches Part 5 Growth Cycle STEPHEN R. BATCHELOR AUTUMN is a season of dramatic changes, both out-of-doors and in a collection of catasetums and cycnoches. After flowering,
More informationStructures and Functions of Living Organisms
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms 6.L.1 Understand the structures, processes and behaviors of plants that enable them to survive and reproduce. 6.L.1.1 Summarize the basic structures and functions
More informationCLIMATE. UNIT TWO March 2019
CLIMATE UNIT TWO March 2019 OUTCOME 9.2.1Demonstrate an understanding of the basic features of Canada s landscape and climate. identify and locate major climatic regions of Canada explain the characteristics
More informationadaptations: structures or behaviors in organisms that help them survive in their environment
Giraffes are unique animals because they have such long necks. The neck of a modern day giraffe is much longer than the neck of an ancient giraffe that lived long ago. How and why did the giraffe change
More informationASSOCIATED PRESS-WEATHER UNDERGROUND WEATHER SURVEY CONDUCTED BY KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS January 28, 2011
1350 Willow Rd, Suite 102 Menlo Park, CA 94025 www.knowledgenetworks.com Interview dates: January 21 January 26, 2011 Interviews: 1,125 adults Sampling margin of error for a 50% statistic with 95% confidence
More informationIt is never so good as expected and never so bad as feared.
2018 General: The weather conditions in the Baltics and Scandinavia have not been perfect - not enough rain and high temperatures after drilling. As Scandinavia and Baltics was the area where there was
More informationSTOLLER ENTERPRISES, INC. World leader in crop nutrition
A new paradigm for crop production - Page 1 of 6 A NEW PARADIGM FOR CROP PRODUCTION Most agronomists are taught about the chemical process of manufacturing photosynthates (PS). The plants breathe in carbon
More informationWeatherManager Weekly
Issue 222 March 26, 2015 Welcome to this week s WeatherManager, your weekly journal for ideas and developments in the weather risk market, brought to you by eweatherrisk. Articles talk about the expanding
More informationImpacts of Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate on Wild Plants and Animals. Camille Parmesan Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin
Impacts of Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate on Wild Plants and Animals Camille Parmesan Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Species Level: Climate extremes determine species distributions
More informationCAMBIUM, meristem, heartwood, and lenticel are
Examining the Structures of a Tree CAMBIUM, meristem, heartwood, and lenticel are some terms that may be new to you. These terms are used to describe various tree structures. Not surprisingly, many terms
More information15. PHOTOPERIODISM. 1. Short day plants
15. PHOTOPERIODISM Photoperiodism is the phenomenon of physiological changes that occur in plants in response to relative length of day and night (i.e. photoperiod). The response of the plants to the photoperiod,
More informationTransport in Plant (IGCSE Biology Syllabus )
Transport in Plant (IGCSE Biology Syllabus 2016-2018) Plants have transport systems to move food, water and minerals around. These systems use continuous tubes called xylem and phloem: - Xylem vessels
More informationDesert Plant Adaptations
Desert Plant Adaptations California Deserts Limiting Factors Water Cold Winter Temperatures Cold Winter Temperatures Are Common In The Mojave Desert The Joshua Tree is the indicator species of the Mojave
More informationFlower-Bud Formation of Cryptomeria under. Hiroshi MIYAJIMA and San-Keun CRON
Flower-Bud Formation of Cryptomeria under Controlled Environment* Hiroshi MIYAJIMA and San-Keun CRON Summary In order to elucidate the correlation of temperature and the effect of gibberellin spray on
More information16. TRANSMISSION OF STIMULUS - THEORIES OF FLOWERING.
16. TRANSMISSION OF STIMULUS - THEORIES OF FLOWERING. Photoperiodic Induction The influence of the length of day and night on the initiation of flowering is called photoperiodic induction or photo induction.
More informationLandscape Plants and Climate Change. Dr. Laura G. Jull Dept. of Horticulture, UW-Madison
Landscape Plants and Climate Change Dr. Laura G. Jull Dept. of Horticulture, UW-Madison Talk Outline What is climate change? Cold hardiness and climate change Provenance and seedling variability Dormancy
More informationWeather Data for Citrus Irrigation Management 1
HS950 Weather Data for Citrus Irrigation Management 1 Larry Parsons and Howard Beck 2 Weather is one of the most important factors that affects citrus growth and production. Citrus can be grown in a variety
More informationWhat are plant growth regulators (PGRs)? Agrichemicals with plant hormones, or hormone like compounds, as active ingredients
Plant growth regulators to control grape berry abscission Matthew Fidelibus Viticulture & Enology UC Davis & KARE What are plant growth regulators (PGRs)? Agrichemicals with plant hormones, or hormone
More information2015 Update Mtg: Weed Biology Affects Weed Management
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Cranberry Station Extension meetings Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities 1-2015 2015 Update Mtg: Weed Biology Affects
More informationPlant Growth & Development. Growth Processes Photosynthesis. Plant Growth & Development
Plant Growth & Development Growth Processes Growth Requirements Types of Growth & Development Factors Growth Processes Photosynthesis Creating carbohydrates (stored energy) from CO 2 + water + sunlight
More informationEXAM I HORT 326 FEBRUARY 15, Indicate the most correct answer in the left hand column (2 pts./question = 34 pts.).
EXAM I HORT 326 FEBRUARY 15, 2005 Indicate the most correct answer in the left hand column (2 pts./question = 34 pts.). 1. 2. 3. 4. In apomixis the development of the embryo from the megaspore mother cell
More informationHow Plants Grow HOME GARDENING OSHER LIFELONG LEARNING SPRING 2015
How Plants Grow HOME GARDENING OSHER LIFELONG LEARNING SPRING 2015 What is a plant? 1.bp.blogspot.com What is a plant? Living organism that, unlike an animal, cannot move voluntarily, manufactures food
More informationSeptember 2018 Weather Summary West Central Research and Outreach Center Morris, MN
September 2018 Weather Summary The mean temperature for September was 60.6 F, which is 1.5 F above the average of 59.1 F (1886-2017). The high temperature for the month was 94 F on September 16 th. The
More informationBee Colony Activities Throughout The Year
Bee Colony Activities Throughout The Year Written by Khalil Hamdan Apeldoorn The Netherlands A honeybee gathering nectar from a flower. Photo source: forestwander.com Bee collecting pollen. Photo source:
More informationLet light motivate your flowers
Let light motivate your flowers LightDec Horticulture Light recipes from LEDIG are the best in this market. Their recommendations increased my profits in year one by 23% LED Solutions from LEDIG LED Industrial
More informationAbiotic Stress in Crop Plants
1 Abiotic Stress in Crop Plants Mirza Hasanuzzaman, PhD Professor Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University E-mail: mhzsauag@yahoo.com Stress Stress is usually defined as an external
More informationTrees are: woody complex, large, long-lived self-feeding shedding generating systems compartmented, self optimizing
BASIC TREE BIOLOGY Trees are: woody complex, large, long-lived self-feeding shedding generating systems compartmented, self optimizing Roots: absorb water and minerals store energy support and anchor
More informationTemperature and light as ecological factors for plants
PLB/EVE 117 Plant Ecology Fall 2005 1 Temperature and light as ecological factors for plants I. Temperature as an environmental factor A. The influence of temperature as an environmental factor is pervasive
More informationAgWeatherNet A Tool for Making Decisions Based on Weather
AgWeatherNet A Tool for Making Decisions Based on Weather Gerrit Hoogenboom Director, AgWeatherNet & Professor of Agrometeorology Washington State University Prosser, Washington November 14, 2013 Washington
More informationSCI-4 BNES 4.4 Summative Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions
SCI-4 BNES 4.4 Summative Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions [Exam ID:1LEHLS 1 Which seed is carried by the wind? A B C D 2 Which section of the plant is the roots? A Section 3 B Section 1 C
More informationTHE most important obstacle to introduction of a wide variety of forest and
ARNOLDIA II A continuation of the BULLETIN OF POPULAR INFORMATION of the Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University VOLUME 27 % MARCH 24, 1967 NUMBERS 1-2 SEASONAL RHYTHM OF DEVELOPMENT OF WOODY PLANTS AND ITS
More informationTORO SENTINEL APPLICATION NOTE AN01: ET-BASED PROGRAMMING
TORO SENTINEL APPLICATION NOTE AN01: ET-BASED PROGRAMMING Version: 12-17-2010 ET-BASED IRRIGATION IN SENTINEL Irrigating by ET: In order to irrigate by ET in Sentinel, the user has to perform a number
More informationDirected Reading A. Section: Structures of Seed Plants ROOTS. Skills Worksheet
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading A Section: Structures of Seed Plants Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided. 1. What supplies a seed plant with the things it needs to survive? a.
More informationFOSS California Structures of Life Module Glossary 2007 Edition
FOSS California Structures of Life Module Glossary 2007 Edition Adaptation: Any structure or behavior of an organism that improves its chances for survival. Adult: A fully-grown organism. The last stage
More information