Universal predictions of screened modified gravity in galaxy clusters. David F. Mota

Transcription

1 Universal predictions of screened modified gravity in galaxy clusters David F. Mota

2 Universal predictions of screened modified gravity in galaxy clusters Mass of clusters inferred via lensing, kinematics and thermal observations are different! David F. Mota

3 Modified Gravity: Universe Acceleration

4 Extending General Relativity extra degree of freedom driving acceleration

5 Extending General Relativity extra degree of freedom driving acceleration

6 Extending General Relativity extra degree of freedom driving acceleration

7 Tight constraints on Modified Gravity but all in very small or large scales/regimes! how strongly the field is changing through space how deep the gravitational well is

8 Tight constraints on Modified Gravity but all in very small or large scales/regimes! how strongly the field is changing through space Untested region (Cluster of galaxies lie here) how deep the gravitational well is

9 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force short ranged and disappears in high density Range ~ Mpc

10 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force short ranged and disappears in high density Range ~ Mpc Low density => deviations from GR High Density => GR recovered

11 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force short ranged and disappears in high density Range ~ Mpc Low density => deviations from GR High Density => GR recovered Looking for smoking guns of screening mechanisms? Search in Clusters!

12 Chameleon f(r)-gravity Hu & Sawicki (2007) d x 4 g [ f ( R) + L ] matter Effective potential (Einstein frame) Free parameters f R0,n

13 Hinterbichler & Khoury (2010) The Symmetron S = Z d 4 x p g apple R 16 G 1 2 (@')2 V (') + S m ( g µ, ) Effective potential

14 Lensing Mass measured via gravitational lensing

15 Lensing Mass measured via gravitational lensing Conformal Invariance: photons not affected by Modified Gravity

16 Lensing Mass measured via gravitational lensing Conformal Invariance: photons not affected by Modified Gravity Lensing Mass in (conformal) Modified Gravity same as GR

17 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions

18 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions M kinematic <V 2 > R = F N

19 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions <V 2 > M kinematic R = F N + F

20 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions <V 2 > M kinematic R = F N + F Modified Gravity enhances kinematical mass

21 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force depends on environmental density Screened Kinematic mass is same in GR Unscreened Kinematic mass differs from GR

22 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force depends on environmental density Screened Kinematic mass is same in GR Unscreened Kinematic mass differs from GR Kinematic Mass depends on location in a high/low dense environment (size of cluster)

23 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Kinematic Mass Lensing Mass same as in GR Kinematic Mass depends on environment M M D M L 1

24 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Kinematic Mass Lensing Mass same as in GR Kinematic Mass depends on environment GR : M =0 M M D M L 1 F (R) : M 2 [0, 1 3 ] Chameleon/Symmetron : M 2 [0, 2 2 ]

25 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR M lens (M h 1 ) fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

26 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR M lens (M h 1 ) fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

27 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

28 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Unscreened Modified Gravity Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M lens (M h 1 ) fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

29 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M lens (M h 1 ) fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

30 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M lens (M h 1 ) small coupling/large scale screening fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

31 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012)

32 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012) dp Mass holds hydrostatic equilibrium: = dr GM (r) (r) r2

33 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012) dp Mass holds hydrostatic equilibrium: = dr GM (r) (r) +F r2

34 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012) dp Mass holds hydrostatic equilibrium: = dr GM (r) (r) +F r2 Thermal mass in Modified Gravity depends on the fifth force (which is environmental dependent!)

35 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

36 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

37 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

38 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR CDM Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D 1 1 MThermal MLens MThermal MLens M Lens (M h M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

39 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR CDM Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D 1 1 MThermal MLens MThermal MLens M Lens (M h M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

40 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR CDM Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D MThermal 1 1 MLens MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M Lens (M h0 1 small coupling/large scale screening fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

41 Thermal + Lense + Kinematic Mass Probe non-universal couplings Kinematic Mass probes couplings to dark matter Thermal Mass probes couplings to baryons

42 Observational Constraints

43 Summary } Measuring the mass of galaxy clusters can probe equivalence principle violations } In modified gravity the mass inferred via lensing differs from the mass inferred via kinematical methods and thermal methods } The differences between the observed masses are environmental dependent } Non-universally coupled models can be differentiated by combining lensing, kinematic and thermal mass } Lensing mass probes gravity } Kinematic mass probes coupling to dark matter } Thermal mass probes coupling to baryons