Universal predictions of screened modified gravity in galaxy cluster. David F. Mota

Transcription

1 Universal predictions of screened modified gravity in galaxy cluster David F. Mota

2 Universal predictions of screened modified gravity in galaxy cluster Mass of clusters inferred via lensing, kinematics and thermal observations are different! David F. Mota

3 Scalar-Tensor Theories with Chameleon or Symmetron screening mechanisms

4 Chameleon f(r)-gravity Hu & Sawicki (2007) Effective potential (Einstein frame) Free parameters f R0,n

5 Hinterbichler & Khoury (2010) The Symmetron S = Z d 4 x p g apple R 16 G 1 2 (@')2 V (') + S m ( g µ, ) Effective potential Free parameters Range Symmetry breaking Coupling strength

6 Lensing Mass measured via gravitational lensing

7 Lensing Mass measured via gravitational lensing Conformal Invariance: photons not affected by Modified Gravity

8 Lensing Mass measured via gravitational lensing Conformal Invariance: photons not affected by Modified Gravity Lensing Mass in (conformal) Modified Gravity same as GR

9 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions

10 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions M kinematic <V 2 > R = F N

11 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions <V 2 > M kinematic R = F N + F

12 Kinematical Mass: from velocity dispersions <V 2 > M kinematic R = F N + F Modified Gravity enhances kinematical mass

13 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force depends on environmental density Screened Unscreened Kinematic mass is same in GR Kinematic mass differs from GR

14 Modified Gravity with Screening Mechanisms: Fifth force depends on environmental density Screened Unscreened Kinematic mass is same in GR Kinematic mass differs from GR Kinematic Mass depends on location in a high/low dense environment (size of cluster)

15 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Kinematic Mass Lensing Mass same as in GR Kinematic Mass depends on environment M M D M L 1

16 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Kinematic Mass Lensing Mass same as in GR Kinematic Mass depends on environment GR : M =0 M M D M L 1 F (R) : M 2 [0, 1 3 ] Chameleon/Symmetron : M 2 [0, 2 2 ]

17 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass 0.5 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 M lens (M h 1 ) fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

18 0.5 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 M lens (M h 1 ) fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

19 0.5 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

20 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Unscreened Modified Gravity Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M lens (M h 1 ) fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

21 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M lens (M h 1 ) fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

22 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Kinematic Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D M lens (M h 1 ) Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M lens (M h 1 ) small coupling/large scale screening fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

23 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012)

24 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012) Mass holds hydrostatic equilibrium: dp dr = GM(r) (r) r 2

25 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012) Mass holds hydrostatic equilibrium: dp dr = GM(r) (r) r 2 +F

26 Thermal Mass: from x-ray measurements of temperature and density profiles of baryons Umetsu et al., ApJ 755, 56 (2012) Mass holds hydrostatic equilibrium: dp dr = GM(r) (r) r 2 +F Thermal mass in Modified Gravity depends on the fifth force (which is environmental dependent!)

27 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

28 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

29 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR06 MThermal MLens M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

30 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR CDM Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D 1 1 MThermal MLens MThermal MLens 0.8 M Lens (M h0 1 M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

31 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR CDM Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D 1 1 MThermal MLens MThermal MLens 0.8 M Lens (M h0 1 M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

32 Smoking gun for Screening Mechanisms Lensing Mass vs. Environmental dependent Thermal Mass Unscreened Modified Gravity Large coupling/small scale screening CDM FofR04 FofR05 FofR CDM Symmetron A Symmetron B Symmetron C Symmetron D MThermal 1 1 MLens MThermal MLens 0.8 M Lens (M h0 1 Screened Modified Gravity fofr4~24 Mpc M Lens (M h0 1 small coupling/large scale screening fofr5~7 Mpc fofr6~2 Mpc

33 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Probe for non-universal couplings Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 M lens (M h 1 )

34 Mkinetic/Mlens Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 M lens (M h 1 )

35 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 M lens (M h 1 ) Kinematic mass weakly affected by coupling to baryons

36 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 M lens (M h 1 ) Kinematic mass weakly affected by coupling to baryons Kinematic Mass probes couplings to dark matter

37 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 1 MThermal MLens CDM DM1G DMG1 DM1G1 M lens (M h 1 ) Kinematic mass weakly affected by coupling to baryons M Lens (M h0 1 Kinematic Mass probes couplings to dark matter

38 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM Mkinetic/Mlens LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 1 MThermal MLens CDM DM1G DMG1 DM1G1 M lens (M h 1 ) Kinematic mass weakly affected by coupling to baryons M Lens (M h0 1 Thermal mass weakly affected by coupling to dark matter Kinematic Mass probes couplings to dark matter

39 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 1 MThermal MLens Thermal mass strongly affected by coupling to baryons CDM DM1G DMG1 DM1G1 M lens (M h 1 ) Kinematic mass weakly affected by coupling to baryons M Lens (M h0 1 Thermal mass weakly affected by coupling to dark matter Kinematic Mass probes couplings to dark matter

40 Thermal + Lense+Kinematic Mass Mkinetic/Mlens Probe for non-universal couplings Kinematic mass strongly affected by coupling to DM LCDM200 LCDM256 DM1G1 DM1G DMG1 1 MThermal MLens Thermal mass strongly affected by coupling to baryons CDM DM1G DMG1 DM1G1 M lens (M h 1 ) Kinematic mass weakly affected by coupling to baryons M Lens (M h0 1 Thermal mass weakly affected by coupling to dark matter Kinematic Mass probes couplings to dark matter Thermal Mass probes couplings to baryons

41 Probing for non-universal couplings

42 Observational Constraints

43 Summary } The measured mass of galaxy clusters can probe equivalence principle violations } In screened modified gravity the mass inferred via lensing diferes from the mass inferred via kinematical methods and thermal methods } The differences between the observed masses are environmental dependent } Non-universally coupled models can be differentiated by combining lensing, kinematic and thermal mass } Lensing mass probes gravity } Kinematic mass probes coupling to dark matter } Thermal mass probes coupling to baryons