Orbital Variation of Blackbody. VIIRS Thermal Emissive Band
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1 Orbital Variation of Blackbody Thermistor Temperature for S NPP VIIRS Thermal Emissive Band Calibration i Xi Shao 1, Changyong Cao 2, Slawomir Blonski 1, Quanhua (Mark) Liu 1 1. University of Maryland, College Park, MD STAR/NESDIS/NOAA Acknowledgement: Dave Pogorzala, Raju Datla
2 Outline Background and Motivation Orbital variation of blackbody (BB) thermistor temperature before and after nadir door opening Correlation analysis of orbital variation i of BB thermistor temperature with radiometric measurements and its effect on the NEDT Summary
3 Background and Motivation The Thermal Emissive Bands (TEBs) on S NPP VIIRS are calibrated with an onboard calibrator blackbody (OBC BB) The BB temperature is controlled using heater elements and thermistors The calibration algorithm, based on the measured BB temperature, emissivity, and space view (SV) counts, computes the blackbody radiances and relates them to BB counts to determine the gain The TEB calibration can be affected by the thermal dynamics of the VIIRS instrument components and surrounding environment It is observed that two of the thermistors on the BB have an orbital temperature variation of ~30 mk This behavior reflects non uniform variations in the effective temperature of the BB radiating surface We investigated characteristics of orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature
4 Cut out View of the VIIRS Opto Mechanical Module Thermistor location
5 VIIRS Thermal Emissive Bands Emissive Bands Pre launch Performance
6 VIIRS TEB Calibration Earth Scene look:,,,,,, In plain English: Radiance (Earth view) = Calibrated FPA signal converted to radiance + Radiance from the RTA and the Ham. On Board Blackbody look:
7 VIIRS TEB Calibration
8 Orbital Variation of Blackbody Thermistor Temperature Over One Orbit Long term Variation Thermistor DN PRT 1 PRT 2 PRT 3 PRT 4 PRT 5 PRT Sep PRT PRT 2 Thermistor Temperature PRT PRT PRT 5 PRT Sep-2012 Si th i t bl kb d t t Six thermistors measure blackbody temperature PRT3 and PRT6 has the largest orbital variation with amplitude of ~30 mk
9 Effects of nadir Door Opening on the orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature Before NADIR Door Open After NADIR Door Open PRT T (k k) Zenith Ang S.D. (I1) Solar Diffuser (I1) Due to reflected light from Earth view Nov (hour) Orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature existed before nadir door opening: it is less likely to be due to reflected light from Earth view Solar Diffuser for I1 channel shows variation after nadir door was opened
10 Orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature continues after nadir door opens (Orbit ) re (k) PRT Temperatur y z x Ze enith Ang S.D. (I1) Oct-2012 (hour) Orbital variations of the thermistor temperature and solar diffuser measurements continue long after opening of the nadir door
11 Characteristics of orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature (Orbit 4500) PRT T (k) Night Side Dayside Night Side PRT Temperature Variation vs. Solar Zenith Angle Zenith Ang g Large PRT temperature variations occur at the dayside Strongly dependent on solar zenith angle Not symmetric
12 Characteristics of orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature (Over9 orbits) lar Azimut tal Ang. So Dayside Night side Solar Zenith Ang. Selected 9 orbits; Orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature occurs regularly Peak variation of BB thermistor temperature occurs around solar zenith angle = ±6.81 o ; azimuthal angle = ± o Strongly depend on solar position to satellite Peak to valley temperature variation ΔT = 37.6 ±4.1 mk
13 Correlation analysis of orbital variation of tnermistor t temperature t with radiometric measurements
14 PRT T (k) PRT 3 PRT Z enith Ang. M15 BB V M 15 S M 15 B B-SV M 16 BB M16 SV M16 BB-S V M15 BB M15 SV M15 BB SV M16 SV M16 BB SV Oct-2012 (hour) Correlation Analysis (Orbit ) PRT3 PRT6 M15 BB DN M15 SV DN M15 BB SV M16 BB DN M16 SV DN M16 BB SV M16 BB Thermistor temperature p variation is negatively correlated with space view counts After subtracting space view counts, the correlation becomes positive and is relatively high
15 M12 BB SV Multi orbit Correlation Analysis (Orbit ) 4915) M14 BB SV R PRT3 PRT6 12 BB-SV DN BB-SV DN M12 BB SV M PRT3 T. (k) 1504 M15 BB SV M PRT3 T. (k) 1629 M16 BB SV M14 BB SV M15 BB SV M15 BB-SV DN PRT3 T. (k) M16 BB-SV DN PRT3 T. (k) M16 BB SV All of TEB channel count measurements show high positive correlation with orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature
16 e (k) Tem peratur t h Ang. Zenit (k)286.5 ap vn cc c a ft vis nir fpa (k ) PRT Dayside Dayside Night side PRT 3 PRT Visible/Near IR Circuit Card Temperature Visual/Near IR FPA Temp Sep-2012 (hour) Correlation with other temperature sensors (Orbit 4500) R PRT3 PRT6 Circuit Card Temperature FPA Temperature Orbital variation of BB themristor temperature is negatively correlated with temperatures in the circuit board and non cooled FPA This indicates that it might be of the sameorigin asthe negative correlation of space view counts with BB thermistor temperature
17 rrelation with PRT T3 Cor Detector level correlation with BB Thermistor Temperature Variation Correlation with PRT3 Temperature Variation M14 M14 All detectors correlate M15 positively (correlation 0.9 M16 coefficient >0.7) with PRT temperature 0.8 M12 variation Bands M14, M15, M16 have higher correlation with PRT3 than M12 Detector M14 detectors display large detector todetector fluctuations in 8 x Relative Variation Range relative variation range 6 M14 M15 and M16 5 M12 detectors have the 4 most consistent 3 detector to detector Vvariation V ariation Percent Range Detector M12
18 NEDT Performance of VIIRS TEB Average (K) STD (K) PRT PRT NEDT performance is exceeding requirements for all Thermal Emissive Bands Average STD NEDT (BB SV DN) (BB SV DN) (K) M M M M The NEDT for TEBs due to orbital variation are within specs All NEDT of VIIRS TEBs satisfy the requirements
19 Conclusion Orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature exists regularly before and after nadir door opening (different from SD measurement) Less likely due to reflected light from Earth view Large BB thermistor temperature variations occur at the dayside and strongly dependent on solar zenith angle Orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature can be due to solar illumination on the instrument All of TEB radiometric count measurements with space view counts subtracted show high positive correlation with orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature PRT temperature variation is negatively correlated with space view counts Orbital variation of BB thermistor temperature is negatively correlated with temperatures in the circuit board and VisNIR FPA (might be of same origin) All NEDT of VIIRS TEBs satisfy the requirements on NEDT performance
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