The simulation of a.c. adjustable electric drive systems

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1 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) The slton of.. jstle elet ve systes IHAIL-FLOIN TAN*, ACEL IONEL**, OCTAVIAN-ACEL IONEL*** *Atots, Infots n Eletl Enneen Deptent **Eleton, Teleontons n Eneetlly Enneen Deptent Vlh Unvesty Tovste, Eletl Enneen Flty 8-4 Un Blv., 008 Tovste, OANIA *** Eletl Enneen Deptent, Polteno Tono, Coso D el Azz, 4-09 Tono, ITALY flo.stn@l.o, onel.ell@yhoo.o, onel.otvn@yhoo.o, Astt: - Detenton of the elet ve petes (elet powe, eletonet toqe, nl spee, ptlty to lost ny ontons of oe et.) eqes slton syste n fst n effent ontol ethos. PICE slton of nton hne ontolle y AC nvetes ve poves eney effeny ethos, to otn fst esponse, splty of ontol et. n pets the posslty of opetn n the eneto ee. Key-Wos: - Eney onveson, elet otos, powe eletons, elet ve systes, ontol, PICE slton. Intoton Nowys, elet ves se ffeent types of otos n they hve le to jo hnes n poessn nsty. In n nstlze onty, oe thn 60% of enete eletty s se to elet ve wth elet hnes. Appllty of eletl ves hs nese fo low powe ppltons fo sll ne of es (vos nstents, opte pephels, hne tools n nstl oots, sheholes n the ppe nsty, textle nsty, ppltons n lowes ppn sttons, et..) to ewtts powe, lnes opessos, fns fo oles, pps, wte spply, eent, shps poplson, etlly, et []- [4]. The oeln of thee-phse nton oto Fo the sty of the opeton n opte-e nlyss of nton otos fe y thee-phse AC volte se to jstle spee ontol systes s popose the follown oel of oto. It s onsee syetl thee-phse nton oto wth stto wnns spple fo syetl thee-phse volte n soe feqeny s f. [5] F.. efletve to wtn eqtons of the thee-phse nton oto It llowe these splfyn ssptons: stton net t s nelle (lne net t), stto n oto wnns e snsol ents osse wes n wnn esstnes e nepenent of tepete. Applyn the lw of eletonet nton on soe Γ ve whh osses one oto s wnn phse n lose the on lne oesponn phse volte t the tenls (Fe ) nton oto eqtons n e wtten n the fxe efeene syste [6]. Eqton estlshe n fxe to the stto efeene syste: [ ] = [ ] [ ] + [ ψ] () Eqton estlshe n fxe to the oto efeene syste: IN: IBN:

2 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) [ ] [ ] [ ] + [ ] = () Known tht etween the powe lne feqeny (se s the stto ents) ne of pole ps n nton oto synhonos spee elton s 60 f s = n p, the sttony opetn oe n e nfee (oto opeton s se on the pnple of powe onsevton) eqvlent eletl feonet oe losses ont fo hooloos phse of stto n oto of nton oto [7] (Fe ). 0= I + j ωsl I E s + σ (4) I = I I (5) whee: I - stto ent phsos n sttony ee; I - oto ent phsos epote to the stto ent phsos, n sttony ee; s = (n n)/n - slp of the nton oto t n spee. Pevos shee n not e se fo nlyss of nton oto tnsent ees. Fo the sty t s se phsos oel n sptl efeene syste otte wth nl veloty ω. All veto spes e fxe to efeene syste enelly otte t nl veloty ω to the stto (Fe ). oto szes e epote to the stto szes. F.. tey stte eqvlent t wth oe losses of nton oto The oponents of the sttony oel shee e: s esstne of stto wnn; w k wnn epote to stto wnn. w = w k esstne of oto w whee: - ne of phses of stto wnn; - ne of phses of oto wnn; w - ne of tns of phse of oto wnn; w - ne of tns of the oto phse wnn; k w, k w - wnn ftos; - oto wnn esstne; X σ = ω s L σs - espe stto etne; ω s = π f s - stto ent plston; L σ - espe stto ntne; X σ = ω s L σ - espe oto etne epote to stto; w k w Xσ = Xσ w k - espe oto w etne; L σ - espe oto ntne epote to stto; Fe - feonet oe losses esstne; X = ω s L - netzton etne. Inton oto eqtons, wtten fo one phse, n sttony ee: U = I+ j ωslσ I E () F.. Explntoy to the phsos settn of sptl efeene syste whh s otte wth ω nl spee In Fe, Aef - fxe efeene xs of spe phsos, Aef F - fxe efeene xs of the oto, Aef F - fxe efeene xs stto. To heve the syste oel eqtons () s wtten n the efeene spee ω tly otte to the stto s follows: = = + + e e jθ jθ jθ = e jω o, fo stto t n e wtten: (6) (7) = + j ω+ (8) l, fo oto: IN: IBN:

3 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) ( ω ω ) = + j + (9) Eqvlent t s pesente n Fe 4. F.4. Inton oto eqvlent t wth sptl phsos otte wth nl spee zes se n the eqvlent t e: - tto leke flx veto; - oto leke flx veto; - Coesponn stto ent spe veto; - Coesponn oto ent spe veto; - Appopte stto volte spe veto; - oto volte veto oesponn spe. Bese = + j q n + j q = sptl vetos tht oel n e eopose nto two eqvlent ts: n eqvlent t onte etly to the sttony efeene syste - the xs n fxe efeene syste n qte - xs q. Fo ω = 0 eslts eqvlent t q n Fe 5. q flows n e ese etly n the -p of nton oto n q ents n voltes o n loops fte fel oente spee ontol. Between phse voltes,, stto powe n sze s the oelton tx n q n et Pk tnsfoton: whee: 0 q 0 = 0 (0) + + = () epesents possle zeo seqene oponent (hoopol oponent) of volte. Afte poessn the xes t eslts: = () = ( ) () Volte eqtons wtten y the stto q xes: q = s + (4) = q s + q (5) Volte eqtons wtten y the oto q xes: q = + +ω q (6) = q + q ω (7) F.5. q oel of thee phse nton oto Althoh the szes eopose fo q sptl phsos y el n ny oponents see to e jst thetl szes, howeve they e physlly exstn qnttes. Lst tes n eltons (6), (7) n szes ω ψ q n ω ψ e lso lle ne eletootve foes y otton. Leke flows efne y two xes e: = Lσ + L (8) = Lσ + L (9) = Lσ + L (0) q q q IN: IBN:

4 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) = Lσ + L () q q q PICE oel of thee-phse nton oto PICE oel of thee phse nton oto ve s se on q eqvlent t. ton ntve stto phses e oele s ontolle ent soes whose ent vles e otne y the nvese Pk tnsfoton of the ent q oponents. = 0 q 0 () In the sene of zeo seqene ent oponents, ent vles thoh the thee phses e: = () = s+ qs (4) = s qs (5) ehnl eqton s: Ω J e = (6) whee: e - eletonet toqe; - lo toqe to the oto s o. The ehnl losses n e nsete nto the hne ehnl eqton v F0 y fton toqe n the vsos fton toqe: FV = F Ω, whee F s the vsos fton oeffent. The opeton of nton oto ehnl lo eqton eoes: Ω = e F F Ω (7) J 0 ehnl oto nl spee s: Ω =ω / p (8) Usn the q oponents of ent n flx eslts eletonet toqe: e e ( ) = p q q (9) = p ( L q Lq q ) (0) Nonl t of oto e ven n Tle n t petes of oto e ven n Tle. Powe P n [kw]. Cent I n [A] l 400V,6 [Ω] 5,5 pee n [p] 40 oent of net J [K ] 0,00 s [Ω] 7,5 Fe [Ω] 000 Effeny h[%] 77 Feqeny f n [Hz] L [Η] 0,505 Powe fto osϕ = 0,78 I 50 In 5,6 L σ [Η] 0,088 p Tle Volte U [V] 400 Tle L σ [Η] 0,064 p n,4 4 PICE slton po of thee-phse nton oto *PICE_NET.TAN UIC.PINT TAN I(VA)V() V(7).OPTION ETHOD=GEA ABT0L= ELTOL=.0 ITL4=000 *INCLUDE Y.LIB.UBCKT INT#0 *PAA AE GAIN= IN 0 E E C 4 U IC=0 4 EG E E6.END.UBCKT U#0 B 0V = *V() *V().END VB 0 IN VC 0 IN VQ 8 9 Q LQ IC=0 B6 9 0 V=(V()-V())/QT() LQ Q LQ VQ 0 4 QF IN: IBN:

LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) 87 0 V=l(V)**[0.064*l(VD)+0.5* I(VD)) VD 6 5 D 6 7 7.5 LD 7 8 8.8 IC=0 BB 5 0V=/*(V()-0.5*V()-0.5*V()) LD 8 0 6.4 D 0 5 5.5 LD 8 0.505 VD 0 DF 0 8 000 B9 0 V=l(V)**(0.

5 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) 87 0 V=l(V)**[0.064*l(VD)+0.5* I(VD)) VD 6 5 D LD IC=0 BB 5 0V=/*(V()-0.5*V()-0.5*V()) LD D LD VD 0 DF B9 0 V=l(V)**(0.064*l(VQ)+0.505*l(VQ)) VQ 4 VD 5 B0 7 0 V=-.5**(0.505*l(VD)*l(VQ) *l(VQ)*l(VD)) B I=I(VD) B l=-0.5*l(vd)+qt()/*l(vq) B4 l=-0.5*l(vd)-qt()/*l(vq) 0 00EG X 4 INT#0 *{K=500} V 9 F X 7 4 U#0 *{K=- K=} VTE 0 5 VA 0 IN END.END The slton eslts e pesente n next fes: F.7. Vton of eletonet toqe t the nolo nton oto sttn p F.8. Vton of stto phse ents n nl spee t the lo nton oto sttn p F.9. Vton of eletonet toqe t the lo nton oto sttn p F.6. Vton of stto phse ents n nl spee t the no-lo nton oto sttn p 5 lton of nton oto fe fo thee phse volte vto Anlyss of nton oto opeton powee y ltentn volte vtos nvolves sn the oel of the nton phse nton oto t wth the lht seqene 0 [8], [9]. To ntn onstnt otpt sze (oto spee) n to ense stle syste opeton, the onvete IN: IBN:

6 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) n e pove wth feek loop e wth spee n ent ontolles onnete n se. Cent nfoton wll e pove y ent tnsfoe n spee nfoton wll oe fo ehnl poston n spee senso. F.0. PICE oel of thee phse nton oto n feqeny onvete The slton eslts e shown n Fe. 6 Conlsons Evolton of powe nvetes n stt feqeny onvetes s key fto n the evelopent of vne ppltons. Avllty of eney soes wth jstle feqeny AC otos llowe to eh new hozon n the fel of eseh n tehnl ppltons, hozon lkely opletely ntppe toy. Howeve, the nheent vntes of jstn the feqeny of opeton n not e flly explote wthot optn pope ontol sttey, whh s essentl n htezn the pefone of syste. One eson fo vle feqeny systes ppltons ope to othe powe eleton systes s the vety of pltons tht the ontols they poe n elet ve. Contol tehnqes to ense f n effent opeton of the ve n nol opeton. Nonl t of the oto n nvete st e et n ensn tht opt oto pefone s n es of x toqe (ent n spee). Une ovelo o n the pesene of efet s pefele nste to eesn the pplton oponents to e opte vne ontol sttees. Even f one opts veto ontol sttey n otn sl ehvo of DC oto, stll en ny nesolve sses e to the ptl sttes of the oto n onvete n the lo n soe ntetons [0]. To pevent nesle sttons t ppels to the sltons sn ffeent types of softwe. Toqe plses, the exstene of hhe feqeny hons, pplton optzton, nese eney effeny, optl petes hne, the p esponse to oes qkly jst soe of the ny sses tht st e solve y PICE slton. F.. Anl spee vton of the nton oto n the stto ent phse of the t fo 0 nle ontol of vtos efeenes: [] IONEL,., TAN,.F., VÎJOGHE., E.O., Tehnqes of Inton hne Vetol Oe lton, Poeens of the 9th WEA/IAE Intentonl Confeene on Elet Powe ystes, Hh Voltes, Elet hnes, Genov, Itly, Otoe 7-9, 009, pp.0-07, IN: , IBN: ; [] IONEL,., TAN,.F., ĂLIŞTEANU I.C., IONEL,.O., Avne on tehnqes of eletl nton hnes, Poeens of the 9th WEA Intentonl Confeene on IN: IBN:

7 LATET TEND on YTE (Vole II) Powe ystes (P '09), Bpest, Hny, eptee -5, 009, pp.76-80, IN ; [].F., VÎJOGHE E.O., Cent Tens on Con, Contol, oeln n lton of the Inton hnes, Poeens of 5th IAE / WEA Intentonl Confeene of Eney & Envonent (EE 0), Ce, UK, Fey -5, 00, pp.7-76, IN: , IBN: ; [4] VLĂDECU, C., TAN,.F., IONEL,., pple eletl ves optzton fo etlll nsty, Blothe Plshn Hose, Tâovşte, 009, IBN [5] TAN,.F., VÎJOGHE, E.O., IONEL,., Eletl Enneen Tety, vol. I, Blothe Plshn Hose, Tâovşte, 005, IBN X; [6] IONEL,., TAN,.F., Eletl hnes n eletl ve syste. Eleton onvetes ons, Blothe Plshn Hose, Tâovşte, 005, IBN ; [7] IONEL,., TAN,.F., Eletl Enneen Tety, vol. II, Blothe Plshn Hose, Tâovşte, 006, IBN [8] IONEL,., TAN,.F., DOGAU, V., IONEL,.O. Posltes of Dnshn the Dstotons Intoe y peo Hons of Elet Cent, Poeens of 6th WEA Intentonl Confeene on lton, oelln n Optzton, Lson, Potl, eptee -4, 006, pp , IN ; [9] TAN,.F., IONEL,., IONEL, O.., oen tot syste fo the optzton of the eletl ves fo wokn hnes wth ehnl nhes, Poeens of 8th WEA Intentonl Confeene on thetl ethos n Copttonl Tehnqes n Eletl Enneen, Bhest, on, Otoe 6-7, 006, pp. 5-8, IN ; [0] ENECU, D., COANDA H.G., VIJOGHE E.,O. n CACIULA, I., Nel nvestton y ens of polynol eesson etho fo etenn the tepete fels n e wth phse tnston, The 8 th WEA Intentonl Confeene ystes Theoy n entf Coptton (ITAC 08), hoos, Ge, Ast 0-, 008, p.88-9, IN: , IBN: ; IN: IBN:

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