UNCLASSIFIED AD DEFENSE DOCUMENTATION CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION CAMERON STATION, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA UNCLASSIFIED

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1 UNCLASSIFIED AD DEFENSE DOCUMENTATION CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION CAMERON STATION, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA UNCLASSIFIED

2 NOTICE: When government or other drawings, specifications or other data are used for any purpose other than in connection with a definitely related government procurement operation, the U. S. Government thereby incurs no responsibility, nor any obligation whatsoever; and the fact that the Government may have formulated, furnished, or in any way supplied the said drawings, specifications, or other data is not to be regarded by implication or otherwise as in any manner licensing the holder or any other person or corporation, or conveying any rights or permission to manufacture, use or sell any patented invention that may in any way be related thereto.

3 THE RESISTIVITY OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE I RELEASED TO DDC BY THE NAVAL ORDNANCE LABORATORY o-wi -h out restrictions E For Release to Military and Government E*.:.< " 1 by NCOL required for release to cc-tractors. A Ao-;, rlr by BuVeps required for all NOL 3 MARCH 1964 UNITED STATES NAVAL ORDNANCE LABORATORY, WHITE OAK, MARYLAND C"' o 'r

4 THE RESISTIVITY OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE Martin B. by: Kraichman ABSTRACT: Resistivity measurements were made of various aq'ieous solutions of sodium chloride using a calibrated conductivity cell with silver-silver chloride electrodes. Results in the form of curves are presented for salt concentrations from 1 to 26% in the temperature range from 5 0 C to 30 0 C. PUBLISHED MAY 1964 Physics Research Department U.S. NAVAL ORDNANCE LABORATORY WHITE OAK, MARYLAND i

5 I NOLTR March 1964 The work reported herein was done in 1954 in the Electricity and Magnetism Division, Physics Research Department and is intended for information only. The author wishes to acknowledge the collaboration of S. P. Haddad, who was a member of the Electricity and Magnetism Division at that time. R. E. ODENING Captain, USN Commander Z. I. SLAWSKY By direction ii

6 CONTENTS Purpose...1 Page Measurement Procedure...1 Results...2 FIGURES Figure Title 1 Conductivity Cell Resistivity vs. Percent NaCl Temperature vs. Resistivity Temperature vs. Percent NaCl... 6

7 THE RESISTIVITY OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE Purpose Whereas the resistivity of weak aqueous solutions of sodium chloride are readily available in many physical and chemical tables, the values of the resistivity of concentrated solutions as a function of temperature and percentage salt are not easily found. It is the purpose of this report to supply such information for various sodium chloride concentrations ranging from 1% to the saturation value of 26% in the temperature range from 5*C to 30 0 C. While only engineering accuracy is claimed for these results, they should be sufficiently good for many purposes such as the modeling of dissipative media for electromagnetic studies. Measurement Procedure The resistivity measurements were made using chemically pure, aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and a calibrated conductivity cell with silver-silver chloride electrodes. Figure 1 shows the construction of the cell. The outside diameter of the cell is about 3 inches and the length is about 22 inches. The silver-silver chloride disc electrodes are 2-1/2 inches in diameter and are separated by approximately 10 inches. Before each measurement, the cell was carefully flushed by repeated immersion in the solution to be measured so as to remove any previous solution from between the electrodes. The resistance of the cell was then measured with a Wheatstone bridge. The measurement was repeated with the polarity of the cell reversed, and an average of the two readings was taken.. 1

8 Results The resistivity P in ohm-cm. was calculated from the formula e = 0.69 (R ), in which R is the measured value of the cell resistance in ohms, tie factor 0.69 represents the cell constant in centimeters and the quantity 0.32 is the resistance of the lead wires in ohms. The results are presented in Figures 2, 3, and 4 in which the experimental points are indicated by small circles. 2

9 z 0MI 0 0 CD 0~0 (IIt o ti LL 00 zi CLw 00 Ld(

10 00 Ii 0 N ui CL QI L0 - - Lo W o L 100 N to 4

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12 NOLTR IZI~ CL C-) LIi 0 c C-, 1+) 0 (D0~ fd~j~0 6

13 DISTRIBUTION Copies Chief, Bureau of Naval Weapons Washington, D. C Attn: Library, DLI-3 M. H. Schefer (RU 222) 2 C. Holstrom (RUDC-4) 2 Office of Naval Research Washington, D. C Attn: Dr. A. Shostak 1 B. Bingham 1 Office of Chief of Naval Operations Operations Evaluation Group (OPO3EG) Washington, D. C office of Technical Services Department of Commerce Washington, D. C Defense Documentation Center Cameron Station Alexandria, Virginia 20 Commanding Officer U. S. Naval Air Development Center Johnsville, Pennsylvania W. S. Lee 2 Chief, Bureau of Ships Washington 25, D. C. F. James 1 Code Commanding Officer & Director Naval Research Laboratory Washington 25, D. C. 1 J. Barry 1

14 Commanding Officer & Director U. S. Navy Electronics Laboratory San Diego 52, California Copies Commanding Officer and Director U. S. Navy Mine Defense Laboratory Panama City, Florida Dr. E. A. Hogge National Bureau of Standards Central Radio Propagation Laboratory Boulder, Colorado 1 Commanding Officer and Director U. S. Underwaier Sound Laboratory Fort Trumbull, Conn. 2

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