Research on Measurement of Liquid Refractive Index Using Fem to Second Laser Frequency Comb
|
|
- Rosamund Townsend
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 2017 3rd International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Intellectualization (ICEITI 2017) ISBN: Research on Measurement of Liquid Refractive Index Using Fem to Second Laser Frequency Comb Han Jia, Tuo Zhao, Weiwei Yang and Guangzheng Jia ABSTRACT In this paper, we develop a method to measure the refractive index of liquid at different temperatures applying the femtosecond laser frequency comb. The measurement principle is to test the phase changes of the measuring signal caused by light traveling through the liquid, then calculating the refractive index according to the phase difference between water and air. The experiment on measuring the water refractive index at temperature from 20 o C to 60 o C was performed, and the measuring results show a satisfactory accuracy. INTRODUCTION The refractive index is an important optical characteristic of liquid, and it will change with the temperature. There are two common methods of measure the liquid refractive index. One is to measure the incident angle and reflection angle when light travels from the air to the liquid surface, and calculate the refractive index based on the laws of retraction and reflection [1]. This method is simple and convenient but hard to get a high precision. The other is to calculate the refractive index indirectly based on the principle of light interference and diffraction. This method can obtain an accurate measuring result, however, its measurement Han Jia, Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China. Tuo Zhao, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, China. Weiwei Yang, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, China. Guangzheng Jia, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, China. 429
2 process is more complex, and the result accuracy is limited by experimental conditions. To improve measuring result, a new method is presented for measuring the refractive index of liquid with temperature variation applying the femtosecond laser frequency comb [2]. Frequency comb is widely used in laser machining, dimensional measuring technology, optical spectroscopy and many other fields. A frequency comb is shown as recurrent pulses laser in time domain, also as many single wavelengths in spectral domain. According to its features in time domain and spectral domain, these wavelengths can be transformed to a radio frequency (RF) standard [3]. Thus, the frequency comb is considered as a transfer bridge between the optical frequency and the RF, which is also known as the characteristics of transmitting the time and length reference. This method combines the refraction law of light and the characteristics of frequency comb, applying the phase change of the measured light and reference light, then analyze the collected frequency spectrum signals, and calculate the refractive index of liquid. This method not only is easy to operate, but also has high precision and high sensitivity with sensing extremely tiny changes of temperature. MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLE The measurement principle is shown in Figure 1. The pulse laser is split into two parts at beam splitter (BS), the measuring beam and the reference beam. The measuring beam, after travelling through a liquid vessel, is detected by photodetector (PD1) as the measuring signal. Because the thickness of the vessel wall is far less than the width of the vessel, its influence from the thickness on the result can be neglected. And the reference beam is received by photodetector (PD2) after reflection and focusing, then considered as the reference signal. Frequency Comb BS Liquid / Air Reflector L Convex lens PD1 Reflector Convex lens PD2 Phase Detection Data Process Figure 1. The principle of measuring the refractive index of liquid. 430
3 According to reference [4], the light intensity of the single signal detected by photodetector is I 2A cos (2 frept p p 1) 2A, (1) Where frep is the repetition frequency, A is the amplitude of the beam, and φp, φp+1 are the phases of adjacent longitudinal modes. Then the total signal can be expressed by I 2A cos 2 ( j i) f t 2A, (2) 0 i 1 j [ rep j i ] Where i, j are the ordinal number of different longitudinal modes (i<j). Actually, laser source will produce a slight vibration during testing; in order to eliminate its influence on measurement results, we apply two groups of experiments to measure the difference between the phases caused by the liquid or air in vessel respectively. When the light travels through different mediums, the phase differences will also change, and the relationship between the refractive index and the phase differences can be expressed by Ln 2 c( jf f ) 1 0 ; rep ceo (3) Ln 2 g, 2 c( jf f ) rep ceo (4) Where n0, ng is the relative refractive index of air and liquid respectively, L is the width of vessel, and c presents the light speed in vacuum, and fceo is carrier-envelope offset. Then the refractive index can be measured via a series of optical path differences corresponding to the liquid without the knowledge of the specimen properties, and the measuring signal is finally expressed by Ln 2 Ln I 2A cos 2 ( j i) f t 2A. (5) 0 = i 1 j g 2 [ rep ] c( jfrep fceo ) c( jfrep fceo ) EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS According to the method in Section 2, we select distilled water as the liquid to test. The laser source is femtosecond laser (Menlo system Orange), its repetition 431
4 rate is 100MHz with the wavelength of 515nm, and its output signals at time domain and spectral domain are shown in Figure 2. (a) (b) Figure 2. The measurement signal at (a) time domain and (b) spectral domain. The experiment was conducted at the atmospheric pressure of kpa and the relative humidity of 50%. The length of vessel is 141.1mm. We set the recording frequency of 20kHz and the sampling time is 10 seconds. Then we obtain about groups of measuring results. After removing gross error, the average value of data is used to calculate the phase changes of measuring signal, and the calculation results are listed in Table I. Then the refractive index of water is calculated by Equation (3), and the calculation results of refractive index are compared with the standard value at different temperature of 20 o C to 60 o C [5], which are listed in Table I, and the curves are shown in Figure 3. The measuring results are similar with the standard values, and the relative error will increase with the temperature rise, but no more than 0.6%. Temperature ( o C) TABLE I. MEASURING RESULTS. Δφ n 0 Calculation (rad) results Standard value Error (%)
5 Figure 3. The curve of refractive index with different temperature. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we develop a method to measure the refractive index with femtosecond laser frequency comb. Applying a self-designed experimental system, we measure the refractive index of distilled water with different temperatures. The measuring results have a satisfactory accuracy compared with the standard value, the errors of measurement are extremely small at low temperature, but will be large with temperature increasing. These errors are mainly from the measurement error from the width for the vessel and the thermometer, which will be discussed in the future for practical application. REFERENCES 1. M. Born and E. Wolf, 1999, Principles of Optics, Cambridge University, 7th ed. 2. Zhongyi Wei, 2006, The 2005 Nobel prize in physics and optical frequency comb techniques, Physics, 35(03), S. T. Cundiff and J. Ye, 2003, Colloquium: Femtosecond optical frequency combs, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, Hanzhong Wu, Fumin Zhang, Jianshuang Li, Shiying Cao, Xiangsong Meng, and Xinghua Qu, 2015, Intensity evaluation using a femtosecond pulse laser for absolute distance measurement, Appl. Opt Yongjia Yin, 1988, Concise Handbook of Physical Chemistry, Higher Education Press,
Using dispersion-induced group delay to solve the integer ambiguity problem: a theoretical analysis
J. Eur. Opt. Soc.-Rapid 10, 15035 (2015) www.jeos.org Using dispersion-induced group delay to solve the integer ambiguity problem: a theoretical analysis D. Wei weidong@mech.nagaokaut.ac.jp Department
More informationDetecting Earth-Sized Planets with Laser Frequency Combs
Detecting Earth-Sized Planets with Laser Frequency Combs Hayley Finley Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Abstract Detection of Earth-mass
More informationP5 Revision Questions
P5 Revision Questions Part 2 Question 1 How can microwaves be used to communicate? Answer 1 Sent from transmitter, received and amplified by satellite in space, re-transmitted back to earth and picked
More informationA beam of coherent monochromatic light from a distant galaxy is used in an optics experiment on Earth.
Waves_P2 [152 marks] A beam of coherent monochromatic light from a distant galaxy is used in an optics experiment on Earth. The beam is incident normally on a double slit. The distance between the slits
More informationThe near-infrared spectra and distribution of excited states of electrodeless discharge rubidium vapour lamps
The near-infrared spectra and distribution of excited states of electrodeless discharge rubidium vapour lamps Sun Qin-Qing( ) a)b), Miao Xin-Yu( ) a), Sheng Rong-Wu( ) c), and Chen Jing-Biao( ) a)b) a)
More informationUnbalanced lensless ghost imaging with thermal light
886 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A / Vol. 3, No. 4 / April 04 Gao et al. Unbalanced lensless ghost imaging with thermal light Lu Gao,,3 Xiao-long Liu, hiyuan heng, and Kaige Wang, * School of Science, China University
More informationSupplementary Information for. Vibrational Spectroscopy at Electrolyte Electrode Interfaces with Graphene Gratings
Supplementary Information for Vibrational Spectroscopy at Electrolyte Electrode Interfaces with Graphene Gratings Supplementary Figure 1. Simulated from pristine graphene gratings at different Fermi energy
More informationUltrafast Lateral Photo-Dember Effect in Graphene. Induced by Nonequilibrium Hot Carrier Dynamics
1 Ultrafast Lateral Photo-Dember Effect in Graphene Induced by Nonequilibrium Hot Carrier Dynamics Chang-Hua Liu, You-Chia Chang, Seunghyun Lee, Yaozhong Zhang, Yafei Zhang, Theodore B. Norris,*,, and
More informationTerahertz Wave Guiding by Femtosecond Laser Filament in Air
Terahertz Wave Guiding by Femtosecond Laser Filament in Air THz waveforms recorded as a function of the propagation distance z are presented in Fig. 1(b), which are esarxiv:1310.5435v1 [physics.optics]
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.optics] 6 Jul 2009
v8 Measuring the Molecular Polarizability of Air M.J. Madsen, D.R. Brown, S.R. Krutz, and M.J. Milliman Department of Physics, Wabash College, Crawfordsville, IN 47933 (Dated: July 7, 2009) Abstract arxiv:0907.0782v1
More informationPhysics 30: Chapter 5 Exam Wave Nature of Light
Physics 30: Chapter 5 Exam Wave Nature of Light Name: Date: Mark: /33 Numeric Response. Place your answers to the numeric response questions, with units, in the blanks at the side of the page. (1 mark
More informationSome Topics in Optics
Some Topics in Optics The HeNe LASER The index of refraction and dispersion Interference The Michelson Interferometer Diffraction Wavemeter Fabry-Pérot Etalon and Interferometer The Helium Neon LASER A
More informationLaser Spectroscopy of HeH + 施宙聰 2011 AMO TALK 2011/9/26
Laser Spectroscopy of HeH + 施宙聰 2011 AMO TALK 2011/9/26 Outline Introduction Previous experimental results Saturation spectroscopy Conclusions and future works Diatomic Molecules Total energy=electronic
More informationElastic Constants and Microstructure of Amorphous SiO 2 Thin Films Studied by Brillouin Oscillations
1st International Symposium on Laser Ultrasonics: Science, Technology and Applications July 16-18 2008, Montreal, Canada Elastic Constants and Microstructure of Amorphous SiO 2 Thin Films Studied by Brillouin
More informationAnalysis of second-harmonic generation microscopy under refractive index mismatch
Vol 16 No 11, November 27 c 27 Chin. Phys. Soc. 19-1963/27/16(11/3285-5 Chinese Physics and IOP Publishing Ltd Analysis of second-harmonic generation microscopy under refractive index mismatch Wang Xiang-Hui(
More informationSchemes to generate entangled photon pairs via spontaneous parametric down conversion
Schemes to generate entangled photon pairs via spontaneous parametric down conversion Atsushi Yabushita Department of Electrophysics National Chiao-Tung University? Outline Introduction Optical parametric
More informationSupplementary Information. Experimental Evidence of Exciton Capture by Mid-Gap Defects in CVD. Grown Monolayer MoSe2
Supplementary Information Experimental Evidence of Exciton Capture by Mid-Gap Defects in CVD Grown Monolayer MoSe2 Ke Chen 1, Rudresh Ghosh 2,3, Xianghai Meng 1, Anupam Roy 2,3, Joon-Seok Kim 2,3, Feng
More informationCitation. J. Mod. Opt. 60(3), (2013). 1. M.-S. Kim, A. C. Assafrao, T. Scharf, C. Rockstuhl, S. F. Pereira, H. P. Urbach, H. P.
J. Mod. Opt. 60(3), 197-201 (2013). 1 Citation M.-S. Kim, A. C. Assafrao, T. Scharf, C. Rockstuhl, S. F. Pereira, H. P. Urbach, H. P. Herzig, Longitudinal-differential phase distribution near the focus
More informationNanocomposite photonic crystal devices
Nanocomposite photonic crystal devices Xiaoyong Hu, Cuicui Lu, Yulan Fu, Yu Zhu, Yingbo Zhang, Hong Yang, Qihuang Gong Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China Contents Motivation
More informationA novel scheme for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization in optically denser medium
A novel scheme for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization in optically denser medium Abstract Yu Peng School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081,
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.optics] 30 Mar 2010
Analytical vectorial structure of non-paraxial four-petal Gaussian beams in the far field Xuewen Long a,b, Keqing Lu a, Yuhong Zhang a,b, Jianbang Guo a,b, and Kehao Li a,b a State Key Laboratory of Transient
More informationDouble Slit is VERY IMPORTANT because it is evidence of waves. Only waves interfere like this.
Double Slit is VERY IMPORTANT because it is evidence of waves. Only waves interfere like this. Superposition of Sinusoidal Waves Assume two waves are traveling in the same direction, with the same frequency,
More informationNo. 9 Experimental study on the chirped structure of the construct the early time spectra. [14;15] The prevailing account of the chirped struct
Vol 12 No 9, September 2003 cfl 2003 Chin. Phys. Soc. 1009-1963/2003/12(09)/0986-06 Chinese Physics and IOP Publishing Ltd Experimental study on the chirped structure of the white-light continuum generation
More informationSupplemental material for Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold
Supplemental material for Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold 1. Experimental setup The laser used in the experiments is a λ=800 nm Ti:Sapphire amplifier producing 42 fs, 10 mj
More information1 Mathematical description of ultrashort laser pulses
1 Mathematical description of ultrashort laser pulses 1.1 We first perform the Fourier transform directly on the Gaussian electric field: E(ω) = F[E(t)] = A 0 e 4 ln ( t T FWHM ) e i(ω 0t+ϕ CE ) e iωt
More informationLet us consider a typical Michelson interferometer, where a broadband source is used for illumination (Fig. 1a).
7.1. Low-Coherence Interferometry (LCI) Let us consider a typical Michelson interferometer, where a broadband source is used for illumination (Fig. 1a). The light is split by the beam splitter (BS) and
More informationComplex refractive-index measurement based on Fresnel s equations and the uses of heterodyne interferometry
Complex refractive-index measurement based on Fresnel s equations and the uses of heterodyne interferometry Ming-Horng Chiu, Ju-Yi Lee, and Der-Chin Su The phase difference between s and p polarization
More informationLight as a Transverse Wave.
Waves and Superposition (Keating Chapter 21) The ray model for light (i.e. light travels in straight lines) can be used to explain a lot of phenomena (like basic object and image formation and even aberrations)
More informationCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS FINAL EXAMINATION TRIMESTER 1, 2010/2011
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS FINAL EXAMINATION TRIMESTER 1, 2010/2011 PROGRAMME SUBJECT CODE : Foundation in Engineering : PHYF144 SUBJECT : Physics 3 DATE : October 2010 TIME VENUE : 2 hours
More informationOptical Frequency Comb Fourier Transform Spectroscopy with Resolution beyond the Path Difference Limit
Optical Frequency Comb Fourier Transform Spectroscopy with Resolution beyond the Path Difference Limit Aleksandra Foltynowicz, Alexandra C. Johansson, Amir Khodabakhsh, Lucile Rutkowski Department of Physics,
More informationEdward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. ECE426F Optical Engineering. Final Exam. Dec. 17, 2003.
Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECE426F Optical Engineering Final Exam Dec. 17, 2003 Exam Type: D (Close-book + one 2-sided aid sheet + a non-programmable calculator)
More informationStanding waves [49 marks]
Standing waves [49 marks] 1. The graph shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion (SHM). At which velocity does the displacement from the mean position
More informationMassachusetts Institute of Technology Physics 8.03 Practice Final Exam 3
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Physics 8.03 Practice Final Exam 3 Instructions Please write your solutions in the white booklets. We will not grade anything written on the exam copy. This exam is
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 16 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT Pearson Education, Inc.
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 16 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 16 Traveling Waves IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn the basic properties
More informationstabilized 10-fs lasers and their application to laser-based electron acceleration
Carrier-envelope envelope-phase-stabilized stabilized sub-10 10-fs lasers and their application to laser-based electron acceleration L. Veisz, E. Goulielmakis, A. Baltuška, and F. Krausz Vienna University
More informationNon-Destructive Testing of Concrete Based on Analysis of Velocity Dispersion of Laser Ultrasonics
ECNDT 26 - Poster 223 Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete Based on Analysis of Velocity Dispersion of Laser Ultrasonics Kenichiro TSUYUKI, Ryuta KATAMURA, Satoru MIURA, Kajima Technical Research Institute,
More informationVector diffraction theory of refraction of light by a spherical surface
S. Guha and G. D. Gillen Vol. 4, No. 1/January 007/J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1 Vector diffraction theory of refraction of light by a spherical surface Shekhar Guha and Glen D. Gillen* Materials and Manufacturing
More informationNoncontact measurement technique for wide range of viscosity of µl-order liquid sample
Noncontact measurement technique for wide range of viscosity of µl-order liquid sample K. Yabui 1, and Y. Nagasaka 2, 3 1 School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Yokohama,
More informationLecture 26. Wind Lidar (4) Direct Detection Doppler Lidar
Lecture 26. Wind Lidar (4) Direct Detection Doppler Lidar Considerations (Accuracy and Precision) for DDL Na-DEMOF DDL -- Multi-frequency edge-filter DDL New development of DDL -- DDL based on Fizeau etalon
More informationpulses. Sec. III contains the simulated results of the interaction process and their analysis, followed by conclusions in Sec. IV.
High and uniform coherence creation in Doppler broadened double Ʌ- like atomic system by a train of femtosecond optical pulses Amarendra K. Sarma* and Pawan Kumar Department of Physics, Indian Institute
More informationPhysics Common Assessment Unit 5-8 3rd Nine Weeks
1) What is the direction of the force(s) that maintain(s) circular motion? A) one force pulls the object inward toward the radial center while another force pushes the object at a right angle to the first
More informationA 0.2 m s -1. B 10 m s -1. C 20 m s -1. D 40 m s -1
Q1. Two points on a progressive wave are one-eighth of a wavelength apart. The distance between them is 0.5 m, and the frequency of the oscillation is 10 Hz. What is the minimum speed of the wave? 0.2
More informationImpact of Magnetic Impurities on Transient Propagation of Coherent Acoustic Phonons in II-VI Ternary Semiconductors
1st International Symposium on Laser Ultrasonics: Science, Technology and Applications July 16-18 2008, Montreal, Canada Impact of Magnetic Impurities on Transient Propagation of Coherent Acoustic Phonons
More informationCarrier dynamics of rubrene single-crystals revealed by transient broadband terahertz
Supplemental Material Carrier dynamics of rubrene single-crystals revealed by transient broadband terahertz spectroscopy H. Yada 1, R. Uchida 1, H. Sekine 1, T. Terashige 1, S. Tao 1, Y. Matsui 1, N. Kida
More informationSingle-shot measurement of free-electron laser polarization at SDUV-FEL
ingle-shot measurement of free-electron laser polarization at DUV-FEL Lie Feng, Haixiao Deng*, Tong Zhang, Chao Feng, Jianhui Chen, Xingtao Wang, Taihe Lan, Lei hen Wenyan Zhang, Haifeng Yao, Xiaoqing
More informationDouble-distance propagation of Gaussian beams passing through a tilted cat-eye optical lens in a turbulent atmosphere
Double-distance propagation of Gaussian beams passing through a tilted cat-eye optical lens in a turbulent atmosphere Zhao Yan-Zhong( ), Sun Hua-Yan( ), and Song Feng-Hua( ) Department of Photoelectric
More informationMeasurement of liquid surface properties by laser-induced surface deformation spectroscopy
PHYSICAL REVIEW E, VOLUME 63, 046302 Measurement of liquid surface properties by laser-induced surface deformation spectroscopy K. Sakai, D. Mizuno, and K. Takagi Institute of Industrial Science, University
More informationECE 185 ELECTRO-OPTIC MODULATION OF LIGHT
ECE 185 ELECTRO-OPTIC MODULATION OF LIGHT I. Objective: To study the Pockels electro-optic (EO) effect, and the property of light propagation in anisotropic medium, especially polarization-rotation effects.
More informationNonlinear Optics (WiSe 2016/17) Lecture 9: December 16, 2016 Continue 9 Optical Parametric Amplifiers and Oscillators
Nonlinear Optics (WiSe 2016/17) Lecture 9: December 16, 2016 Continue 9 Optical Parametric Amplifiers and Oscillators 9.10 Passive CEP-stabilization in parametric amplifiers 9.10.1 Active versus passive
More informationLaserphysik. Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu. Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik
Laserphysik Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik Contact: yong.lei@tu-ilmenau.de; yang.xu@tu-ilmenau.de Office: Heisenbergbau V 202, Unterpörlitzer Straße
More informationStep index planar waveguide
N. Dubreuil S. Lebrun Exam without document Pocket calculator permitted Duration of the exam: 2 hours The exam takes the form of a multiple choice test. Annexes are given at the end of the text. **********************************************************************************
More informationDesign of Uniform Fiber Bragg grating using Transfer matrix method
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research Vol, 3 Issue, 5 Design of Uniform Fiber Bragg grating using Transfer matrix method Deba Kumar Mahanta Department of Electrical Engineering, Assam
More information0.4 s 0.8 s 1.5 s. 2.5 s. 2. A beam of light from a ray box spreads out as shown in the diagram and strikes a plane mirror.
1. ship is fitted with echo-sounding equipment. pulse of sound is sent downwards from the ship at a speed of 1500 m/s. The seabed is 600m below the ship. How long will it take the pulse of sound to return
More informationLong Path Industrial OCT High-precision Measurement and Refractive Index Estimation
Long Path Industrial OCT High-precision Measurement and Refractive Index Estimation Tatsuo Shiina Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
More informationMandatory Assignment 2013 INF-GEO4310
Mandatory Assignment 2013 INF-GEO4310 Deadline for submission: 12-Nov-2013 e-mail the answers in one pdf file to vikashp@ifi.uio.no Part I: Multiple choice questions Multiple choice geometrical optics
More informationB 2 P 2, which implies that g B should be
Enhanced Summary of G.P. Agrawal Nonlinear Fiber Optics (3rd ed) Chapter 9 on SBS Stimulated Brillouin scattering is a nonlinear three-wave interaction between a forward-going laser pump beam P, a forward-going
More informationSpectral Fraunhofer regime: time-to-frequency conversion by the action of a single time lens on an optical pulse
Spectral Fraunhofer regime: time-to-frequency conversion by the action of a single time lens on an optical pulse José Azaña, Naum K. Berger, Boris Levit, and Baruch Fischer We analyze a new regime in the
More informationBirefringence dispersion in a quartz crystal retrieved from a channelled spectrum resolved by a fibre-optic spectrometer
Birefringence dispersion in a quartz crystal retrieved from a channelled spectrum resolved by a fibre-optic spectrometer Petr Hlubina, Dalibor Ciprian Department of Physics, Technical University Ostrava,
More informationLiquid refractometer based on immersion diffractometry
Liquid refractometer based on immersion diffractometry Sheng-Hua Lu, 1 Shan-Peng Pan, Tzong-Shi Liu, and Ching-Fen Kao 3 1 Department of Photonics, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan 4074, R.O.C. Department
More informationMichelson Interferometer. crucial role in Einstein s development of the Special Theory of Relativity.
Michelson Interferometer The interferometer Michelson experiment Interferometer of Michelson and Morley played 0 a crucial role in Einstein s development of the Special Theory of Relativity. Michelson
More informationComputational Study of Amplitude-to-Phase Conversion in a Modified Unitraveling Carrier Photodetector
Computational Study of Amplitude-to-Phase Conversion in a Modified Unitraveling Carrier Photodetector Volume 9, Number 2, April 2017 Open Access Yue Hu, Student Member, IEEE Curtis R. Menyuk, Fellow, IEEE
More informationSingle-cycle THz pulses with amplitudes exceeding 1 MV/cm generated by optical rectification in LiNbO 3
Single-cycle THz pulses with amplitudes exceeding MV/cm generated by optical rectification in LiNbO 3 H. Hirori,2, A. Doi 2,3, F. Blanchard,2, and K. Tanaka,2,4 Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences,
More information-Electromagnetic. Waves - disturbance that propagates through space & time - usually with transfer of energy -Mechanical.
Waves Waves - disturbance that propagates through space & time - usually with transfer of energy -Mechanical requires a medium -Electromagnetic no medium required Mechanical waves: sound, water, seismic.
More informationHomework Book. Wave Properties. Huijia Physics Homework Book 1 Semester 2. Name: Homeroom: Physics Class:
Homework Book Wave Properties Huijia Physics Homework Book 1 Semester 2 Name: Homeroom: Physics Class: Week 1 Reflection, Refraction, wave equations 1. If the wavelength of an incident wave is 1.5cm and
More informationMeasurement of orbital angular momentum of a single photon: a noninterferrometric
Measurement of orbital angular momentum of a single photon: a noninterferrometric approach R. Dasgupta and P. K. Gupta * Biomedical Applications Section, Centre for Advanced technology, Indore, Madhya
More informationREMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES BY OPTICAL CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY AND LIDAR
REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES BY OPTICAL CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY AND LIDAR by Benjamin Thomas Grégory David, Christophe Anselmo, Alain Miffre, Jean-Pierre Cariou and Patrick Rairoux Institute
More information(Total 1 mark) IB Questionbank Physics 1
1. A transverse wave travels from left to right. The diagram below shows how, at a particular instant of time, the displacement of particles in the medium varies with position. Which arrow represents the
More informationPMT. GCE AS and A Level. Physics A. AS exams 2009 onwards A2 exams 2010 onwards. Unit 2: Approved specimen question paper. Version 1.
GCE AS and A Level Physics A AS exams 2009 onwards A2 exams 2010 onwards Unit 2: Approved specimen question paper Version 1.1 Surname Other Names Leave blank Centre Number Candidate Number Candidate Signature
More informationResearch of a novel fiber Bragg grating underwater acoustic sensor
Sensors and Actuators A 138 (2007) 76 80 Research of a novel fiber Bragg grating underwater acoustic sensor Xingjie Ni, Yong Zhao, Jian Yang Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,
More informationLECTURE 11 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES & POLARIZATION. Instructor: Kazumi Tolich
LECTURE 11 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES & POLARIZATION Instructor: Kazumi Tolich Lecture 11 2 25.5 Electromagnetic waves Induced fields Properties of electromagnetic waves Polarization Energy of electromagnetic
More informationOverview of high power THz sources from laser-plasma interaction
Lecture at the 5th ASS&S SIOM-CAS, Shanghai August 16-20, 2010 Overview of high power THz sources from laser-plasma interaction Z.M. Sheng Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University / Institute
More informationSupplementary Information
1 Supplementary Information 3 Supplementary Figures 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Supplementary Figure 1. Absorbing material placed between two dielectric media The incident electromagnetic wave propagates in stratified
More informationUltrafast Laser Physics
Ultrafast Laser Physics Ursula Keller / Lukas Gallmann ETH Zurich, Physics Department, Switzerland www.ulp.ethz.ch Chapter 7: Active modelocking Ultrafast Laser Physics ETH Zurich Mode locking by forcing
More informationNaser M. Ahmed *, Zaliman Sauli, Uda Hashim, Yarub Al-Douri. Abstract
Int. J. Nanoelectronics and Materials (009) 89-95 Investigation of the absorption coefficient, refractive index, energy band gap, and film thickness for Al 0. Ga 0.89 N, Al 0.03 Ga 0.97 N, and GaN by optical
More informationUNIT-5 EM WAVES UNIT-6 RAY OPTICS
UNIT-5 EM WAVES 2 Marks Question 1. To which regions of electromagnetic spectrum do the following wavelengths belong: (a) 250 nm (b) 1500 nm 2. State any one property which is common to all electromagnetic
More informationglass Calculate the magnitude of the Young modulus for glass. State your answer to (a) in terms of SI fundamental units.
Q1.The term ultrasound refers to vibrations in a material that occur at frequencies too high to be detected by a human ear. When ultrasound waves move through a solid, both longitudinal and transverse
More informationCh Guided Reading Sound and Light
Name Date Hour Chapter 15 Answer Key Ch.15-18 Guided Reading Sound and Light 1. Compare the speed of sound as it travels within a liquid, a solid, and a gas. Why does the speed of sound differ? Sound travels
More informationTime-resolved pump-probe system based on a nonlinear imaging technique with phase object
Time-resolved pump-probe system based on a noinear imaging technique with phase object Yunbo Li, 1 Guangfei Pan, 1 Kun Yang, 1 Xueru Zhang, 1 Yuxiao Wang, 1 Tai-huei Wei, 1 Yinglin Song 1,,* 1 Department
More informationHefei
2017 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Mechanical Automation (CSMA 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-506-3 Experimental Study of Broadening Coefficients for the v3 Band of CO by Tunable Diode
More informationSpeed Measurement by Optical Techniques. Lucas Thoennes
Speed Measurement by Optical Techniques Lucas Thoennes Published 2-22-2018 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 lthoennes@unm.edu
More informationTime resolved optical spectroscopy methods for organic photovoltaics. Enrico Da Como. Department of Physics, University of Bath
Time resolved optical spectroscopy methods for organic photovoltaics Enrico Da Como Department of Physics, University of Bath Outline Introduction Why do we need time resolved spectroscopy in OPV? Short
More informationFabrication of fibre-bragg-gratings in various high birefringent optical fibres for advanced FBG sensing applications
1.3 Fabrication of fibre-bragg-gratings in various high birefringent optical fibres for advanced FBG sensing applications F. Jülich 1), A.W. Koch 2) and J. Roths 1) 1) Hochschule München, Lothstr. 34,
More information1. Introduction. 2. New approaches
New Approaches To An Indium Ion Optical Frequency Standard Kazuhiro HAYASAKA National Institute of Information and Communications Technology(NICT) e-mail:hayasaka@nict.go.jp ECTI200 . Introduction Outline
More informationNAT 5 - Waves and Radiation Powerpoint Answers
NAT 5 - Waves and Radiation Powerpoint Answers 1. Light is a form of energy. 2. Angle of incidence = 60º. Angle of reflection = 60º. 3. Refraction is the change in the speed of light when moving from one
More informationNonlinear optical absorption in Bi 3 TiNbO 9 thin films using Z-scan technique
Appl Phys A (2009) 96: 1017 1021 DOI 10.1007/s00339-009-5136-z Nonlinear optical absorption in Bi 3 TiNbO 9 thin films using Z-scan technique Bin Yang Hengzhi Chen Mingfu Zhang Feiyan Wang Kokwai Cheah
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.optics] 8 Oct 2014
The second-order interference of two independent single-mode He-Ne lasers Jianbin Liu, 1, Minglan Le, 1 Bin Bai, 1 Wentao Wang, 1 Hui Chen, 1 Yu Zhou, 2 Fu-Li Li, 2 and Zhuo Xu 1 1 Electronic Materials
More informationλ Fig. 2 Name: y direction. In what c) in the + y direction d) in the y direction e) in the x direction
Name: Exam #3 D#: Physics 140 Section #: hoose the best answer for each of Questions 1-19 below. Mark your answer on your scantron form using a # pencil. (5.6 pts each) 1. At a certain instant in time,
More informationXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX. First Pre-Board Examination, Physics
Series SSO Code No. 55/1/B Roll No. Candidates must write the code on the title page of the answer book General Instructions: Please check that this question paper contains 6 printed pages. Code number
More informationAP Waves/Optics ~ Learning Guide
AP Waves/Optics ~ Learning Guide Name: Instructions: Using a pencil, answer the following questions. The guide is marked based on effort, completeness, thoughtfulness, and neatness (not accuracy). Do your
More informationElectricity & Optics
Physics 24100 Electricity & Optics Lecture 26 Chapter 33 sec. 1-4 Fall 2017 Semester Professor Koltick Interference of Light Interference phenomena are a consequence of the wave-like nature of light Electric
More informationHighly Efficient and Anomalous Charge Transfer in van der Waals Trilayer Semiconductors
Highly Efficient and Anomalous Charge Transfer in van der Waals Trilayer Semiconductors Frank Ceballos 1, Ming-Gang Ju 2 Samuel D. Lane 1, Xiao Cheng Zeng 2 & Hui Zhao 1 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy,
More informationAFM-IR: Technology and applications in nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and chemical imaging
Supporting Information AFM-IR: Technology and applications in nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and chemical imaging Alexandre Dazzi 1 * and Craig B. Prater 2 1 Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Univ. Paris-Sud,
More informationModeling microlenses by use of vectorial field rays and diffraction integrals
Modeling microlenses by use of vectorial field rays and diffraction integrals Miguel A. Alvarez-Cabanillas, Fang Xu, and Yeshaiahu Fainman A nonparaxial vector-field method is used to describe the behavior
More informationE-JUST s Sample Entrance Exam Faculty of Engineering
E-JUST s Sample Entrance Exam Faculty of Engineering PHYSICS Time: 1 hr Choose the right answer: 1. Three equal resistors connected in series across a source e.m.f. together dissipate 10 watt. If the same
More informationMicrowave and optical spectroscopy in r.f. traps Application to atomic clocks
Microwave and optical spectroscopy in r.f. traps Application to atomic clocks Microwave spectroscopy for hyperfine structure t measurements Energy of a hyperfine state Hyperfine coupling constants: A:
More informationLaser Speckle and Applications in Optics
Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics M. FRANCON Optics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences University of Paris Paris, France Translated by HENRI H. ARSENAULT Department of Physics Laval University Quebec,
More informationInterference- Michelson Interferometer. Interference lecture by Dr. T.Vishwam
Interference- Michelson Interferometer Interference lecture by Dr. T.Vishwam * Measurement of the coherence length of a spectral line * Measurement of thickness of thin transparent flakes * Measurement
More informationAttosecond laser systems and applications
Attosecond laser systems and applications Adrian N. Pfeiffer Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 8th Annual Laser Safety Officer Workshop September
More informationOptical Frequency Combs
Optical Frequency Combs Ronald Holzwarth Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics Garching, Germany And Menlo Systems GmbH Martinsried, Germany Engelberg, March 6th. 2007 The Team Team MPQ MenloSystems
More informationABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION
Laser Speckle Suppression by the Phase Modulation of Input Beam in a Multimode Fiber Cong Yang* 1,2,3, Jian Han 1,2, Yuanjie Wu 1,2,3, Huiqi Ye 1,2, Dong Xiao 1,2 1.National Astronomical Observatories
More information