Shensheng Tang and Wei Li* Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Shensheng Tang and Wei Li* Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA."

Lesley McDowell
5 years ago
Views:

1 ull ex ae wa ee evewed a e dec IEEE Cuca Scey ubjec ae exe ublca e IEEE GLOBECO 5 ceedg eace Evalua Heaccal Cellula Newk w Bdecal Ovelw ad ake-back Saege ude Geeally Dbued Cell edece e Seeg ag ad We L Deae Eleccal Egeeg ad Cue Scece Uvey led led OH 4366 USA Abac: e ad gw wele evce ad ble ue dve a gea ee cellula ewk w a eaccal ucue Heaccal cellula ewk (HCN ca vde g ye caacy ece cael ulza ad ee lad-balacg caably I ae a w-laye eaccal cellula ewk w bdecal velw ad ake-back aege ude geeally dbued cell edece e cdeed A aalycal del ad a eace aaly ed ae develed ad a ube a eace eaue ae evaluaed e develed del ad aaly ed ca be ealy exeded ul-laye HCN Keywd: Heaccal cellula ewk Had Ovelw ake-bac Cell edece e Cael ccuacy e ( ( ( H ( H H ( ( ( ( ( NOENCLAUE New (ad call aval ae a ue a accell Ovelw ae w (a ue a accell (ccel ake-back ae w (a ue a ccell (accel equeed call ldg e w (a ue H edual call ldg e w (a ue a abay ec Cell edece e w (a ue a ccell (accel edual cell edece e w (a ue a ccell (accel a abay ec Cell edece e a (lw ue a ccell (accel edual cell edece e a (lw ue a ccell (accel a abay ec ( Cael ccuacy e ew (ad call w ue a ccell ( Cael ccuacy e ew (ad call a ue a accell ( Cael ccuacy e velw call w (a ue a accell (ccel ( Cael ccuacy e ake-back call w (a ue a ccell (accel ( Blckg bably ew call w (a ue a ccell (accel ( Had alue bably ad call w (a ue a ccell (accel ( Ovelw alue bably w (a ue a accell (ccel ( ake-back alue bably w (a ue accell ccell (ccell accel ( Blckg bably ew call w (a ue e HCN ( Dg bably ad call w (a ue e HCN ( Fced-ea bably a call w ue e claye (aclaye ( Fced-ea bably a call a ue e aclaye (claye X ad vaable X a ea E [X ] dey uc X ( dbu uc F X ( ad Lalace a ( X I INODUCION e ad gw wele evce ad ble ue dve a gea ee cellula ewk w a eaccal ucue e eaccal cellula ewk (HCN c dee laye I a ycal w-laye HCN all e accell e ue laye called e aclaye; all e ccell e lwe laye called e claye I geeal e aclaye ad claye ae e eeable laye a ad lw ue eque eecvely I [ ] call w dee clae ae eved a dee laye; e ew call ad ad call e lwe laye ca be velwed e ge laye we ee avalable cael e lwe laye I [3 4 5] e velw call w ue e accell ca be deced e ex ccell (ake-back a e buday we ee ae dle cael e ex ccell Hweve ee ved aege ae al udecal e a ue allwed velw aclaye claye I bvuly ua a ue I e ubalaced ac eve a call a ue a be blcked eve ug ee ae ay ee cael e claye A bdecal velw cee ed ad aalyzed [6]; e eul w a a a bee caacec balacg eleac lad bewee accell ad ccell ad u gve bee eace we caed w udecal velw cee A dawback [6] a de cde e ucceve ea velw call Obvuly e ucceul velw call uld ee wk e -eeable laye ul cle eu e eeable laye e lae cae bvuly bee ce ca bg bee euce cgua bewee dee laye ad u bg ge ye caacy ad bee qualy evce (QS al w [7] by uecal exale ug a caave udy Hweve e ad call [7] ae eaed e ae a e ew call evce deea ca be aceved eve a c dawback [6] ad [7] a e cael ccuacy e w ad a ue ae aued be exeally dbued; wle ece ude w a cell edece e (ad e cael ccuacy e ae lge exeally dbued [8 9] I ae a aalycal del HCN w bdecal velw ad ake-back aege ude geeally dbued cell edece e a well a a eace aaly ed ae develed ad a ube a eace eaue ae evaluaed Cedg au IEEE Glbec /5/$ 5 IEEE

2 ull ex ae wa ee evewed a e dec IEEE Cuca Scey ubjec ae exe ublca e IEEE GLOBECO 5 ceedg e eade e ae gazed a llw: ec II e e ye del ad elaed au; ec III ee e dealed eace aaly e e vau aval ae cael ccuacy e aay bable ad eace eaue; ec IV ee e uecal eul; ad ec V cclude e ae II ODEL DESCION AND ASSUIONS Cde a w-laye eaccal cellula ewk w a e accell ad ccell wee eac accell velay N ccell Aue a ee ae w clae ue bly: e lw ue ad e a ue Call a ue ad lw ue ae deced e eeable laye; I blcked ey wll be velwed e -eeable laye ee ae ay ed e leaue adle e laye elec [ ] I ae we aue a e ble u claca ble ue a bee lved e ucceul velw call ca be ake back e eeable laye cael bece avalable e akeback ce ca be execued edaely we a cael e eeable laye bece avalable execued we e velw call ce e buday a ccell Hee we ce e lae cae y delg We ue aue a e ue eed de cage gealy dug a call e (e e eed u eld ad a accell exacly cve udelyg N ccell Due e led euce wele cuca call w dee e uld be eaed deely euce allca A ad call uually gve ge y ve a ew call A le eae e a eld ew call I e ube ew call a cell exceed e eld we a ew call ave wll be blcked; ewe wll be aded e ad call blcked a cue cell ly we all cael e cell ae ued u Le u aue eac accell allcaed C cael wc C A ad C B cael ae e axu value allwed ew call ad velw call eecvely; eac ccell allcaed C cael wc C a ad C b cael ae e axu value allwed ew call ad velw call eecvely e e call ad aege eac accell ad ccell ae a llw accell: A ew call a ue ejeced ad ae velw a ccell we ee ae C A gg ew call a ue C cael ae buy e accell A ad call a ue ejeced ad ae velw a ccell we C cael ae buy A ake-back call a ue ejeced (ad ae a ad a adjace ccel we C cael ae buy (a ake-back call cdeed ave e ae y a a ad cal A velw call w ue ejeced we ee ae C B gg velw call C cael ae buy e accell ccell: A ew call w ue ejeced ad ae velw a accell we ee ae C a gg ew call w ue C cael ae buy e ccell A ad call w ue ejeced ad ae velw a accell we C cael ae buy A ake-back call w ue ejeced (ad cue exl e accell euce we C cael ae buy A velw call a ue ejeced we ee ae C b gg velw call C cael ae buy e ccell I e devele e del we duce e llwg au (ee e aalycal del Fg : ccell accell N N ccell ccell N Fg e w-laye eaccal cellula ewk del e aval cee ae cee ew call ad ad call e ea ew call ad ad call aval ae ae ad a ue ad lw ue eecvely e aval cee velw ad ake-back ac ae cee e ea aval ae velw ad ake-back call ae ad a accell ad a ccell eecvely e cell edece e all ye ue eac laye ae geeal dbu Le ad be e cell edece e w ad a ue a ccell ad accell w ea / ad / ad ad be e edual cell edece e eecvely Le ad be e cell edece e a ad lw ue a ccell ad accell w ea / ad / ad ad be e edual cell edece e eecvely e equeed call ldg e a ad lw ue ae egave exeal dbu Le H ad H be e call ldg e a ad lw ue w ea / ad / ad H ad H be e cedg edual call ldg e eecvely All accell ad ccell ae cacally decal eac laye IEEE Glbec /5/$ 5 IEEE

3 ull ex ae wa ee evewed a e dec IEEE Cuca Scey ubjec ae exe ublca e IEEE GLOBECO 5 ceedg Scly eakg e ad ad velw aval cee ay be exacly cee becaue cela aculaly velw ac ycally ae buy ad uually deled a a eued ce (I [] a akv dulaed ce ( [] a eewal ce [4] Hweve acably e velw ce al ly axaed a a ce e leaue [6 7] III EFOANCE ANALYSIS A e Vau Aval ae Cde e accell: e al aval ae e accell e u e aval ae ew call ad call ad ake-back call a ue a well a e velw call w ue Ne a ad eque a ue u a accell ay clude e llwg ee cae: a ew call blcked ae ad; b ad call ded ae ad; c e ucceul ake-back call a ue ae ad By balacg e cg ad ugg ad ae eady ae we ave ( + ( + ( ( 3 wee ( e bably a a ew call a ue aed a accell ae ad; ( e bably a a ad call a ue ae ad; 3 ( e bably a a ake-back call a ue ae ad Ne a a ake-back call a aleady dwelled e ed e e accell ug e udelyg ccell bee ge back aclaye ca be calculaed by e Lalace a aac: [ ( H ( τ ( dτd e la equa wa baed by e ac a ( ( F ( wee ( e bably dey uc (d F ( e cuulave dbu uc (cd Slaly ad 3 ca be deeed a ( 3 wee ( ( ued abve equa due e H H eyle ey e exeal dbu e ake-back eque a ue ay ce : a velwed ew call; b velwed ad call; c e akeback call a ue ucceeded a evu ae (ce e ake-back ea ca be execued a e buday evey ccel u e llwg equa uld ld eady ae: ( 4 + ( 5 + ( 6 wee 4 ( e bably a a velwed ew call a ue a ccell ae a ake-back ea a e buday e ccell 5 ( e bably a a velwed ad call ae a ake-back ea 6 ( e bably a a ake-back call a ue ( ucceeded a evu ae cue a ake-back ea Ug e Lalace a aac ee bable ca be deeed a [ ( ( F equa ( ad ( we ca lve {( ( 6 + ( ( 3 4} { [ ( ]( 4 + ( ( 5} wee [ ( ]( 6 ( ( 3 5 e aval ae e velw call w ue e accell deeed by N( + (3 Cde e ccell: e al aval ae a ccell e u ad By ug e la aaly we ave { (4 ( ( 3 + ( ( 3} (5 { [ ( ]( + ( ( } [ ( ]( 3 ( ( 3 ( e bably a a ew call w wee ad ue aed a ccell ae ad; ( e bably a a ad call w ue ae ad; 3 ( e bably a a ake-back call w ue ae ad (e e deece bewee e ccell ad accell cae ee bable ca be ealy calculaed by e Lalace a aac: [ ( 3 ( e aval ae e velw call a ue a ccell (aue e velw call e accell ae dbued e N ccell aveage ( + (6 N B e Cael Occuacy e e a dee e vaable ae led eclaue e cael ccuacy e ca be aalyzed IEEE Glbec /5/$ 5 IEEE

4 ull ex ae wa ee evewed a e dec IEEE Cuca Scey ubjec ae exe ublca e IEEE GLOBECO 5 ceedg by Lalace a aac Due eg la we ly gve e eul ee I e ccell e e vaable ad e ea ae { H } { H } { H }; [ ] [ E ( [ ] [ ] [ (7 E E ( Le be e cael ccuacy e e velw call a ue a ccell; le ad be e cael ccuacy e velwed ew call ad velwed ad call a ue a ccell eecvely e we ca deee e llwg eul by e Lalace a { H } { H } ; [ ( + ( + + ( + ( + ( ( q ( + ( q ( wee q eee e ac velwed ew call all e velwed eque a ue ad gve by q e we ba e ea + E[ (8 ( ] ( + I e accell e cedg eul ae gve a { H } { H } { H }; E E [ ] [ ] E [ ( [ ] [ ( (9 E[ ] [ ( ( C e Saay bable F e del dec we kw a e al aval cee eac laye ae cee ad e cael ccuacy e a ad vaable we dbu ay deed e ye e call ( cue eed queueg ewk we ca del e ccell ad accell a aay yec queue [3] ad decbe e a l ye w ul-eve (cael kd ye kw ave a evy ey e e aay bably deed e evce dbu ly ug ea [3] F a accell le π ( dee e j aay bably a e ube ew call a ue j e ube ad call a ue k e ube ake-back call a ue ad l e ube velw call w ue eecvely F e ey l ye [4 3 4] we ave j k ( [ ]( [ ] ( [ ] ( [ ] E E E E π ( G (! wee ( Ψ { CA j C k C l CB + j + k + l C } ad G e alza ca ad gve by G ( k l Ψ j k ( E[ ]( E[ ] ( E[ ] ( E[ ]! Slaly a ccell le π ( dee e j aay bably a e ube ew call j e ube ad call k e ube ake-back call lw ue ad l e ube velw call a ue eecvely e we ave j k ( [ ] ( [ ] ( [ ] ( [ ] E E E E π ( G (! wee ( Ω { Ca j C k C l Cb + j + k + l C} ad G e alza ca ad gve by G ( k Ω j k ( E[ ] ( E[ ] ( E[ ] ( E[ ]! D e Bac eace eaue Ae geg e aay bable eay calculae ay eace eaue We ju l e a llw F e accell: e ew call blckg bably ad e ad alue bably a ue a accell ae π ( ; π ( (3 C A + k + l C + k + l C Obvuly C A C we ave bece e -zed ad cee e accell Sce e ake-back call ave e ae y a e ad call Hece e ake-back alue bably e velw alue bably w ue π ( (4 l C B + j + k + l C F e ccell: e cedg bable ae π ( ; π ( ; Ca + k + l C l Cb + k + l C π ( ; (5 + k + l C F e ewk: by e ASA ( aval ee e aveage ey e al ew call blckg ad ad dg bable a ad lw ue e HCN ae eecvely ; ; ; (6 E e Fced-ea bable Nw we ae eeed e bably a cedea call ad eaae e ble e llwg ve a IEEE Glbec /5/$ 5 IEEE

5 ull ex ae wa ee evewed a e dec IEEE Cuca Scey ubjec ae exe ublca e IEEE GLOBECO 5 ceedg a e ced-ea bably a call w ue e claye e e bably a a call w ue ced eae e ye a e k- ad (e a e call ceced w bably ad e ake k- ucceul ad w bably k ( ad ced eae a e k- ad w bably Le cde e g daga a ced-ea call Fg ad ae e cell edece e ad edual cell edece e a call lw ue ccell eecvely; e cell edece e a call w ue ccell ( e call ae ee cell eec call ldg e cell cell cell k cell k+ equeed call ldg e H ee cell k ced eae a cell k+ Fg e g daga a ced-ea call Accdg evu au k ae deede ad decally dbued ad vaable wc ave e ae d ( ad cd F ( w ea / e eecve call ldg e e ua ( e k e we ave e Lalace a e d k k ( ( [ ( [ ( By ug all e bable k < e bably deeed a k k k ( ( ( + + ( ( k k + ( k H k+ H ( τ dτd ( [ ( (7 [ ( ( e llwg eaue ca be deeed by e ae ed (e deal ae ed due eg la b e ced-ea bably a call a ue e aclaye ( [ ( (8 [ ( ( c e ced-ea bably a call w ue e aclaye A [ ( (9 [ A ( wee A x ( A ( x ad a velw call lw ue aued ae x aled ake-back ea bee eacg e buday e accell ad ae x aled ake-back ea e llwg k- accell ad ally be ced eae a e k- accell d e ced-ea bably a call a ue e claye B [ ( ( [ B ( wee B ( B ( e Ae bag e abve u bable e al ced-ea bably e HCN ca be ealy calculaed by N( N + ( al N( ( Ne a e eace eaue ae elaed e vau aval ae ad cael ccuacy e wc ae al uc e eace eaue Hece we eed a ecuve ed cue e xed- equa ee ae ay eave alg e leaue exale [4 5] a ca be elyed ble IV NUEICAL ESULS I ec we ee uecal eul udy e HCN eace Due eg la we ly ee e ced-ea bably a ee Aue e cell edece e ave ye-elag dbu ce e ye-elag del w vde a uveal axa ay geeal dbu egave ad vaable [6] e d a ye-elag ad vaable ad Lalace a ae gve a V v v V ( vθ vθ ( α e ad ( ( v! V vθ α + vθ wee α α θ V > ( V Seccally e aaee ae ce a V α α v v θ 5 ad θ 4 lw ue a ccell (ea 8 ad α α v v θ 35 ad θ 45 a ue a accell (ea 86 ad α α 3 v 3 v θ 75 ad θ 95 a ue a ccell (ea 37 ad α α v 4 v θ 5 ad θ 5 w ue a accell (ea 944 e call ldg e exeally dbued w ea 857 a ue ad 857 w ue e e ye aaee ae ce a llw: C 3 C A C B C C a 8 C b 5 Le Λ dee e al aval ae ew call ad γ dee e bly a e e ac ew call w ue e we ave γλ N ad / v IEEE Glbec /5/$ 5 IEEE

6 ull ex ae wa ee evewed a e dec IEEE Cuca Scey ubjec ae exe ublca e IEEE GLOBECO 5 ceedg ( γ Λ wee N e ube ccell cveed by a accell ( N 7 Fg 3(a-( w w e ced-ea bably deed e cage bly a γ ad al aval ae ew call Λ A Λ ceae eac ced-ea bably ceae uve ce e ube cael e A γ ceae (e ceae ad deceae ced-ea bable vay egulaly We ca exla by ug Fg 3(a a a exale We γ ceae e ad e call a ue wll deceae leadg e deceae ; e e ad e call lw ue wll ceae ad e velw call w ue wll ee e aclaye ced w a ue leadg e ceae Hece ee a ade bewee γ ad C B e aclaye (al bewee γ ad C b e claye I ee a ee ae bvu eul Fg 3 Hweve we cae Fg 3(a ad (b Fg 3(c ad (d eecvely bvu a a alle a ad eve eglgble by cag w valdae a e ed bdecal velw ad ake-back aegy de caue uacceable ced-ea call eve e advaage aegy ae que bvu uc a bg bee euce cgua bewee dee laye ad bg ge ye caacy ad bee QS V CONCLUSIONS We ave develed a aalycal del ad a eace aaly ed a w-laye HCN w bdecal velw ad ake-back aege ude geeally dbued cell edece e e call eque (cludg ew ad ad call a ad lw ue ae eeably aged e aclaye ad claye eecvely A call a ue wll be velwed claye ee cael avalable e ucceul velw call ca be ake back aclaye a e buday ccell a cael bece avalable e la cedue aled call w ue We ave al deled e cell edece e by geeal dbu ada e lexble bly eve e vau aval ae cael ccuacy e ad elaed eace eaue ae deved by exlc lu Sce e eace aaly de by eaaely cdeg e accell cae ad ccell cae e develed del ad aaly ed ca be ealy exeded ul-laye HCN wu uc cuaal e ACKNOWLEDGEEN: e au wuld lke ak eeee e caeul eadg e gal auc e ce ad ugge ave led a uc bee eea e ae e ecd au wuld al lke ackwledge a wk aally ued by e Naal Scece Fuda US w ga N 5563 ad aally ued by e Naal Naual Scece Fuda Ca w cac N EFEENCES [] L Hu ad SS aa eal Cuca Sye Ug ulle Heaccal Cellula Ovelay IEEE J Seleced Aea C vl ay 995 [] A aa G Gella agle ad e eace Aaly Heaccal Cellula Newk w Geeally Dbued Call Hldg e ad Dwell e IEEE a Wele C Vl 3 Iue: Ja 4 [3] SH We JS Jag BC S ad DH C Had Aaly e Heaccal Cellula Sye IEEE a Vec ec vl Se [4] K Ye ad C-H Ju delg ad aaly eaccal cellula ewk w geeal dbu call ad cell edece e IEEE a Vec ec vl Nv [5] G Bgga ad Caada eleac Aaly Heaccal Cellula Cuca Newk IEEE a Vec ec vl July 3 [6] W Sa Fa Y a eace Evalua a Heaccal Cellula Sye w ble Velcy-Baed Bdecal Ovelw Scee IEEE a aallel Db Sy 4(: 7-83 Ja 3 [7] B Jabba ad W F Fua eleac delg ad aaly lexble eaccal cellula ewk w eed-eve ad aegy IEEE J Sel Aea C vl Oc 997 [8] V Olk ad S S aa A del eleac eace ad cael ldg e caaceza wele cellula cuca w geeal e ad dwell e dbu IEEE J Selec Aea Cu vl Jue 998 [9] Y Fag ad I Claac eleac aaly ad bly delg CS ewk IEEE a C vl July 999 [] Bevee Cell elec w-e ccellula/accellula ye c IEEE GLOBECO vl Nv 995 [] K Su ad C Sug Fuzzy Laye Selec ed Heaccal Cellula Sye IEEE a Vec ec vl Nv 999 [] Y u ad B Jabba eace delg ad aaly eaccal wele cuca ewk w velw ad akeback ac c IEEE IC vl [3] F Kelly evebly ad Scac Newk Wley 979 [4] S ag ad W L delg ad Evalua e 3G ble Newk w H- WLAN Ieaal Jual Wele ad ble Cug (IJWC Idecece uble ( aea 5 [5] Y B L S a ad A Neel Queueg y cael age aege ad ad al acce a CS ewk IEEE a Ve ec vl Aug 994 [6] Y Fag Hye-Elag dbu ad alca wele ad ble ewk Wele Newk 7(3-9 ay 5 5 γ4 γ5 γ6 3 4 (a γ4 γ5 γ6 3 4 (c γ4 γ5 γ x γ4 γ5 γ6 (b 3 4 (d Fg 3 e ced-ea bable w eec γ IEEE Glbec /5/$ 5 IEEE

Copyright Birkin Cars (Pty) Ltd

Copyright Birkin Cars (Pty) Ltd E GROU TWO STEERING AND EDAS - R.H.D Aemble clue : K360 043AD STEERING OUMN I u: - : K360 04A STEERING RAK :3 K360 045A EDA OX K360043AD STEERING O UMN Tl eque f embl f u: - mm Alle Ke 3mm Se 6mm Alle