Lecture #2 : Impedance matching for narrowband block

Transcription

1 Lectue # : Ipedance atching f nawband blck ichad Chi-Hsi Li Telephne : (UA) Cellula phne: (C) Eail : chihsili@yah.c.cn 1. Ipedance atching indiffeent f bandwidth ne pat atching netwk Tw pats atching netwk Tw pats upwad and dwnwad ipedance tansfe Thee pats atching netwk and ipedance tansfe. e useful schees f ipedance aching Designs and tests when L is nt 50 hs Cnvesin between T and type atching netwk ats in a atching netwk Ipedance atching between pwe tansptatin units Ipedance atching f a ie 3. Questins Lectue # ichad Li, 006 1

2 1. Ipedance atching ne pat atching Netwk Figue.1 shws the ving diectin f the ipedance at pint if ne passive pat, L, C,, is added. The vaiatin f ipedance n ith Chat wuld bey the fllwing thub f ules if ne induct, ne capacit, ne esist is added t the iginal ipedance f the pt: The additin f an induct in seies, L, esults the iginal ipedance ving clckwise alng the cnstant ipedance cicle. The ved ac length depends n the value f induct; The additin f a capacit in seies, C, esults the iginal ipedance ving cunte-clckwise alng the cnstant ipedance cicle. The ved ac length depends n the value f capacit; The additin f an induct in paallel, L, esults the iginal ipedance ving cunte-clckwise alng the g cnstant adittance cicle. The ved ac length depends n the value f induct; The additin f a capacit in paallel, C, esults the iginal ipedance ving clckwise alng the g cnstant adittance cicle. The ved ac length depends n the value f capacit; The additin f a esist in seies,, esults the iginal ipedance ving alng the cnstant ac t a highe esistance cicle. The ved distance depends n the value f esist; The additin f a esist in paallel,, esults the iginal ipedance ving alng the cnstant ac t a lwe esistance cicle. The ved distance depends n the value f esist. Lectue # ichad Li, 006

3 V N L L W C C E U Figue.1 ulled diectins f ipedance by the additin f L, C, n ith Chat Lectue # ichad Li, 006 3

4 Tw pats added f atching ( type f atching) * egin 1 and n ith Chat V N j ( L ) egin 3 B C C C egin L1 egin L W C E U L L A egin 4 C D j ( C ) Figue. Tw ways t pull iginal ipedance t cente f ith Chat,, by additin f tw passive pats in egin 1 and Lectue # ichad Li, 006 4

5 * ecgnitin f egins in ith Chat egin 1 Lw esistance & high cnductance: <1, < 0.5, g>1, - <b < V egin High ipedance & lw cnductance: >1, - <<, g<1, b< 0.5 egin 3 N j L egin 1 egin egin 3 Lw esistance & lw cnductance: <1, >0, g<1, b<0 W E U j C egin 4 egin 4 Lw esistance & lw cnductance: <1, <0, g<1, b>0 Figue.3 4 egins f ipedance in the ith Chat Lectue # ichad Li, 006 5

6 * egin 1 and n ith Chat (Cntinued) V N B egin 3 C W C C L egin 1 L egin C 3 C E U 1 4 A L egin 4 L D Figue.4 Anthe tw ways t pull iginal ipedance t cente f ith Chat,, by additin f tw passive pats in egin 1 and Lectue # ichad Li, 006 6

7 egin 1 Lw esistance & high cnductance: <1, < 0.5, g>1, b- t egin High ipedance & lw cnductance: >1, - t, g<1, b< 0.5 L s 1 C h C p B < 50 h > 0 50 h C L > 50 h > 0 C p L C L C 1 L s h L A < 50 h < 0 50 h D C p > 50 h < 0 L p C L C 1 : : (In capacitive aea) (In inductive aea) 3 : 4 : (In inductive aea) (In capacitive aea) Figue.5 Ipedance atching netwk f egin 1 and in ith Chat j, Y G jb /() - j/() Lectue # ichad Li, 006 7

8 egin 1 Lw esistance & high cnductance: <1, < 0.5, g>1, b - t egin High ipedance & lw cnductance: >1, - t, g<1, b< 0.5 s h p A,B < 50 h > 0, <0, 0 50 h C,D > 50 h > 0, <0, 0 p 1 : : (In capacitive aea) (In inductive aea) 3 : 4 : (In inductive aea) (In capacitive aea) Figue.6 Ipedance atching netwk f egin 1 and in ith Chat j, Y G jb /() - j/() Lectue # ichad Li, 006 8

9 F 1 : < 50 h In seies fist and in paallel secnd F 3 4 : > 50 h In paallel fist and in seies secnd Geneal fula f ipedance and adittance Geneal fula f ipedance and adittance j j j j z j 1 1 j j z jb g y g b F 1 and, s s F 3 and 4, the ipedance afte adding f 1 st pat,, in paallel [ ] j j j j j j Fist atching pat,, in seies, is t get g 1. If g 1, then, Fist atching pat,, in paallel, is t get, 1, If, 1, then, 0 ± ± ± f Lp -f Cp f Ls -f Cs When, 1, then z(,) can be pulled t by secnd pat,, When g 1, then y(g,b) can be pulled t by secnd pat,, 1 s s p b 1 1 ) ( µ [ ] Lectue # ichad Li, s ± 1 f Cp -f Lp f Ls -f Cs

10 * egin 3 and 4 n ith chat V N j ( L ) egin 3 5 B C C C C C egin 1 egin W E U A L L D j ( C ) L 6 L egin 4 Figue.7 Matching path f ipedance in egin 3 and 4 f ith Chat Lectue # ichad Li,

11 egin 3 Lw esistance & lw cnductance: <1, >0, g<1, b<0 C 5 C 5 50 h C p B < 50 h > 0 50 h C C p > 50 h > 0 C p C 5 : (In inductive aea) Figue.8 Ipedance atching f egin 3 n ith Chat j, Y G jb /( ) - j/( ) C C egin 4 Lw esistance & lw cnductance: <1, <0, g<1, b>0 L s 6 L s 6 50 h L A < 50 h < 0 50 h D L > 50 h < 0 L p L 6 : (In capacitive aea) Figue.9 Ipedance atching f egin 3 and 4 n ith Chat j, Y G jb /( ) - j/( ) L L Lectue # ichad Li,

12 egin 3 and egin 4 Lw esistance & lw cnductance: <1, >0, g<1, b<0 (igin 3) <1, <0, g<1, b>0 (egin 4) h p A,B < 50 h > 0, <0, h C,D p > 50 h > 0, <0, 0. p 5 : 6 : (In inductive aea) (In capacitive aea) Figue.10 Ipedance atching f egin 3 and 4 n ith Chat j, Y G jb /( ) - j/( ) Lectue # ichad Li, 006 1

13 F 5 6 : < 50 h In seies fist and in paallel secnd Lectue # ichad Li, j j z j 1 1 j j z jb g y g b F 1 and, s s Fist atching pat,, in seies, is t get g 1. If g 1, then, ± When g 1, then y(g,b) can be pulled t by secnd pat,, 1 s s p b ± ± 1 s Geneal fula f ipedance and adittance f egin 3, Cs - f egin 4, Ls f egin 3, Cp - f egin 4, Lp F 5 6 : < 50 h In paallel fist and in seies secnd Geneal fula f ipedance and adittance j j F 3 and 4, the ipedance afte adding f 1 st pat,, in paallel [ ] j j j j j j Fist atching pat,, in paallel, is t get, 1, If, 1, then, 0 ± 1 When, 1, then z(,) can be pulled t by secnd pat,, 1 ± f egin 4, Lp - f egin 3, Cp ) ( ± [ ] f egin 4, Ls - f egin 3, Cs

14 * Upwad ipedance tansfe : F pue esist t pue esist L s V A C p ats added in de : C p L 0 N A Figue.11 Upwad ipedance tansfe Q ( ω C ) C 1 1 L W E U L C B Q * Dwnwad ipedance tansfe : L s Figue.1 Upwad and dwnwad ipedance tansfe B C p 0 ats added in de : L C Figue.13 Dwnwad ipedance tansfe Lectue # ichad Li,

15 Key pints in the case f tw pats added n ith chat * The 1 st cpnent is t bing the ipedance t the cicle with efeence esistance efeence adittance. * The nd cpnent is t bing the ipedance t the cente f ith Chat, that is, t the pint f the efeence esistance and ze eactance * Matching netwk in egin 1 is an upwad ipedance tansfe. - It can tansfe the ipedance f lw t high (50 h hee). - Usually it is the case f pwe aplifie design. * Matching netwk in egin is a dwnwad ipedance tansfe. - It can tansfe the ipedance f high t lw (50 h hee). - Usually it is the case f LNA, ie etc.with CM pcessing. * Matching netwk in egin 3 and 4 is an siple atching unit with nly ne type f pats. - In egin 3 it can be atched nly by capacits. ne is in seies and anthe ne in paallel. It desn t atte t the de f these tw capacits. - In egin 4 it can be atched nly by inducts. ne is in seies and anthe ne in paallel. It desn t atte t the de f these tw capacits. Lectue # ichad Li,

16 Thee pats added f atching * Liitatin by tw pats schee Ipedance n ith Chat can be ved t anywhee by thee pats * Me fleible The values f thee pats ae adjustable Lectue # ichad Li,

17 * Tplgy liitatin by tw pats atching Eclusive f each the between tplgy A and C s 50 h C 1 V N L A Tplgy A W egin 3 C C L 3 egin 1 egin E U 1 C L A egin 4 s 50 h C 3 C L Tplgy C Figue.14 Tplgy liitatin by tw pats atching Eclusive f each the between tplgy A and C Lectue # ichad Li,

18 * Tplgy liitatin by tw pats atching Eclusive f each the between tplgy B and D V N L s s 50 h 4 egin 3 D C p L s s 50 h W B L C egin 1 egin 4 C E U Tplgy D C p B L egin 4 D Tplgy B Figue.15 Tplgy liitatin by tw pats atching Eclusive f each the between tplgy B and D Lectue # ichad Li,

19 atching netwk : * 8 tplgies Lwest cst egin s liitatin v s C p1 C s C p v s L p1 C s C p Lw cst (a) C p1 -C -C p (e) L p1 -C -C p Lw cst DC sht-cicuited v s C p1 C s L p v s L p1 C s L p Mediu cst DC sht-cicuited (b) C p1 -C -L p (f) L p1 -C -L p Lw cst DC un-blcked v s C p1 L s C p v s L p1 L s C p Mediu cst DC un-blcked (c) C p1 -L -C p (g) L p1 -L -C p Mediu cst DC un-blcked DC sht-cicuited v s C p1 L s L p v s L p1 L s L p Highest cst DC sht-cicuited DC un-blcked (d) C p1 -L -L p (h) L p1 -L -L p Figue.16 Diffeent tplgies f a type atching netwk Lectue # ichad Li,

20 Table.1 Advantages and disadvantages f diffeent tplgies in a type atching netwk Tplgy Induct nube advantages disadvantages (a) C p1 -C -C p 0 Lwest cst egin s liitatin (b) C p1 -C -L p 1 Lw cst DC sht-cicuited (c) C p1 -L -C p 1 Lw cst DC un-blcked (d) C p1 -L -L p Mediu cst DC un-blcked DC sht-cicuited (e) L p1 -C -C p 1 Lw cst (f) L p1 -C -L p Mediu cst DC sht-cicuited (g) L p1 -L -C p Mediu cst DC un-blcked (h) L p1 -L -L p 3 Highest cst DC sht-cicuited DC un-blcked Lectue # ichad Li, 006 0

21 * Infinitive chices f pats values - The altenative chice will disappea if anthe design estictive cnditin, f instance, the Q value f the atching netwk, is set up. V N egin 3 C 1 W egin 1 egin E U L C egin 4 Figue.17 ssible ving paths f ipedance f the tplgy C p1 -L -C n the ith Chat. Lectue # ichad Li, 006 1

22 T atching netwk * 8 tplgies C s1 C s L s1 C s Lwest cst egin s liitatin C p C p Lw cst v s v s (a) C s1 -C p -C s (e) L s1 -C p -C s C s1 L s L s1 L s Lw cst v s C p v s C p Mediu cst DC un-blcked (b) C s1 -C p -L s (f) L s1 -C p -L s C s1 C s L s1 C s Lw cst v s L p v s L p Mediu cst (c) C s1 -L p -C s (g) L s1 -L p -C s C s1 L s L s1 L s Mediu cst DC sht-cicuited v s L p v s L p Highest cst DC sht-cicuited DC un-blcked (d) C s1 -L p -L s (h) L s1 -L p -L s Figue.18 Diffeent tplgies f a type atching netwk Lectue # ichad Li, 006

23 Table. Advantages and disadvantages f diffeent tplgies in a T type atching netwk Tplgy Induct nube advantages disadvantages (a) C 1 -C -C 0 Lwest cst egin s liitatin (b) C 1 -C -L 1 Lw cst (c) C 1 -L -C 1 Lw cst (d) C 1 -L -L Mediu cst DC sht-cicuited (e) L 1 -C -C 1 Lw cst (f) L 1 -C -L Mediu cst DC un-blcked (g) L 1 -L -C Mediu cst (h) L 1 -L -L 3 Highest cst DC sht-cicuited DC un-blcked Lectue # ichad Li, 006 3

24 * Infinitive chices f pats values - The altenative chice will disappea if anthe design estictive cnditin is set up. V N B W E U A Figue.19 T type f atching netwk with tplgy C 1, L, and C. Lectue # ichad Li, 006 4

25 . e useful atching schees Design and test when L is nt 50 h Design Blck ut ut * Match Netwk ut t L v L, L L * L L (a) Designed blck is atched t L v L, L v L, L Design Blck ut ut * Match Netwk ut t L L * L Match Netwk L t Netwk Analyze (b) Test in 50 syste Match Netwk 50 t L L L Match Netwk L t (c) Test f atch netwk ( Nte: - L ) Design Blck ut ut * Match Netwk ut t Netwk Analyze (d) Denstatin in 50 syste Figue.0 Design and test when L is nt 50 Ω Lectue # ichad Li, 006 5

26 Type f atching netwk : T? T1 T T3 1 3 Figue.1 T and type f ipedance atching netwk * Type T is bette than type if the DC blcking t the net blck is cncened. * Type is bette than type T if the spay eactance in the input f net blck is cncened. Lectue # ichad Li, 006 6

27 * And netwks T1 T 1 3 T3 Figue. * and type f ipedance atching netwk Lectue # ichad Li, 006 7

28 T * tansfatin T1 T T3 1 3 Figue.3 Tansfatin between T and type f ipedance T1 ( 1 ) / ( 1 3 ) ; T ( 3 ) / ( 1 3 ) ; T3 ( 3 1 ) / ( 1 3 ) ; 1 T3 T1 T3 T1 / T ; T1 T T1 T / T3 ; 3 T T3 T T3 / T1. Lectue # ichad Li, 006 8

29 T blck tansfatin * at saving * The value f pat ight bece e easnable. T1 T T1 T T3 1 3 T3 1 3 T T1 T T1 T 1T 3T 1 3 T3 T3 T T1 T T 1T T 3 T3 T3 T1 T 1 T T 1T T1 T3 3 T T 11 T T11 T33 T Figue.4 Tansfatin and cbinatin f tw T and type f ipedance atching netwks (Cntinued) Lectue # ichad Li, 006 9

30 3. Questins ats t be applied int atching netwk : C L? Ty t use capacits as any as pssible; Ty t use inducts as less as pssible, because * The cst f capacit is uch less than that f inducts in the Cicuit build by the discete pats; * In the IC design, usually the aea f the capacit is uch less than that f induct. Theefe, its cst f capacit is cheape than that f induct * In the IC design, the Q value f an induct is uch lwe than that f a capacit. Hw any pats ust be put in a atching netwk? * F cst view pint, ty t use less pats as pssible : t 3 * It is enugh t design a blck with its elative bandwidth is less than 15%. * In de t cve enugh bandwidth, e than tw pats ae necessay t be added t the atching netwk. Lectue # ichad Li,

31 pecial teatent f ie * Matching f L pt fist * Matching f F ptin secnd * epeat the tw steps abve until vaiatin between steps is negligible * Finally, atching f IF ptin * hift f IF t f IF - f ( f << f IF ) Ipedance atching between pwe tansptatin units : * Ipedance is nt necessay t be atched f pat t pat * Ipedance ust be atched between pwe tansptatin units. Lectue # ichad Li,

32 Un-necessay Matched F blck : VC * Ipedance is negative at scillat s input/utput. * The lighte lad t an scillat, the bette pefance f an scillat. Theefe, a buffe added t a VC is necessay and ust be equied. Lectue # ichad Li, 006 3