XIII International PhD Workshop OWD 2011, October Three Phase DC/DC Boost Converter With High Energy Efficiency

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1 X nernaonal Ph Workshop OW, Ocober Three Phase C/C Boos Converer Wh Hgh Energy Effcency Ján Perdľak, Techncal nversy of Košce Absrac Ths paper presens a novel opology of mlphase boos converer wh hgh energy effcency. The hgh energy effcency s ensre by connecon of hree parallel legs. Approprae conrol algorhm of swches allows ake he phoovolac op energy one of hese hree parallel legs n every momen. The smlaon model has been bl and he smlaon resls obaned o verfy he heorecal properes of mlphase boos converer. The sable algorhm of swches conrol ensre ha he almos whole PV op energy from he PV panel s effecve led.. nrodcon On he presen here are more and more ncreasng demands for he energy socks and energy self-sffcen of he conres. The logcal conseqence of hs saon s ncreasng prces of non renewable sorces of energy lke for nsance ol. Ths saon can be solve by sng he renewable sorces of energy. The phoovolac has a domnan poson n sng of renewable sorces of energy n hese days. Phoovolac PV ensres he drec converson of lgh no elecrcy. The phoovolac op s n form of drec crren elecrcy. sally he varos ypes of C/C converers are sed o conver hs drec elecrcal power form one level o anoher. There exs many ypes of maerals whch are sed o make of he PV modles. The man problem of hese maerals s low converson effcency. The converson effcency s movng arond % for a- o % - % for GaAs []. To-days effcency of he sof swchng C/C converers s very well. s movng arond he 97%. B on he oher hand he energy effcency s no good n comparson wh hgh converer effcency. Ths paper propose mlphase boos converer wh hgh energy effcency. The hgh energy effcency s ensred by addng wo more parallel legs o he convenonal boos converer wh one leg. The sable algorhm of swches conrol n parclar legs ensres ha he almos whole PV op energy from he PV panel s effecve led.. Operaon prncple Fg. shows he convenonal opology of snglephase boos converer. conss from ndcor, dode, swch and one capacor C on he op of he boos converer. The proposed opology of mlphase boos converer s on fg.. The mlphase boos converer has, n comparson wh he convenonal boos converer wh one leg, wo more parallel legs wh wo ndcors,, wo recfer dodes, and wo swches,. There are also hree axlary swches, and on he converer np. The axlary swches ensre he connecon of he np volage o he load. The opology of mlphase converer s complemened by hree axlary dodes, and whch serve as freewheelng dodes. The freewheelng dodes rern he ndcor sorage energy W W back o he load afer he swches respecvely are rned off. Fg.. Convenonal opology of sngle-phase Boos converer. Ths mlphase converer allows he effecve le of energy delvered form he solar cell. Approprae conrol algorhm of swches allows ake he PV op energy one of s hree parallel legs n every momen. 6

2 Fg.. Proposed mlphase boos converer. The fncon of convenonal boos converer wh one leg s well known. When he swch s rn on he energy from he np s accmlae n form of magnec fled n he ndcor. Ths energy s delvered o he op afer swch s rn off. The average vale of he op volage OTAV n connos condcon mode s. OT AV Where dy cycle s rao beween me when he swch s rn on and he perod T, /T. Fg. shows he heorecal waveforms. Ths descrbed process can be repeaed hree mes becase hree parallel legs are presen n proposed mlphase converer whch allows effecve le of delvered energy from solar cell as was menoned above. The proposed mlphase boos converer has 6 operang cycles whn each perod. The correspondng operaon waveforms are shown on fg.. Fg.. Theorecal waveforms of proposed mlphase converer. d d The crren flow hrogh ndcor, swches and s d Fg.. Theorecal waveforms of convenonal boos converer wh one leg. Mode : The swches and leg A are rn on a me. The energy n form of magnec feld begns o accmlae n ndcor. The dode s reverse based so he whole np crren s closed n loop -. The ndcor volage lnearly ncreases The ndcor crren exponenally ncrease from nal vale o he maxmm vale max whch reach n me wh me consan τ /R. The oher swches,, and are rned on, oo, so he crren delvered o he load s ero. The crrens n legs B and C and he load crren are d 6

3 66 d 6 Mode : The swches and are rned off smlaneosly n me. The ndcor energy W s delvered hrogh decoplng dode o he load. The crren n leg C exponenally decrease. The polary of ndcor volage s reversed so he dode s n on-sae. The ndcor energy W s hrogh he freewheelng dode delvered back o he load and don rern o he sorce of np volage as s n case of sng convenonal boos converer wh one leg. The op crren s closed n loop and back o. The ndcor volage s d d 7 The crren flow hrogh ndcor and dodes and s d 8 he load crren 9 Mode : The swches and are rned on a me. Energy n he form of magnec feld begns o accmlae n ndcor leg C. The dode s reverse based. The np crren s closed n loop -. The ndcor volage s d d The ndcor crren and crrens flow hrogh swches and s d The ndcor crren exponenally ncrease wh me consan τ /R. The swches,, and are sll rned on, so he crren delvered o he load s ero. The crrens n legs A and B respecvely and he load crren are d d Mode : The swches and are rned off a me. The ndcor energy W begns o delver hrogh dode o he load. The polary of ndcor volage s reversed so he dode s n on-sae. The op crren s enclosed n he loop and back o he. The ndcor volage s d d The crren flow hrogh he ndcor, dodes, and he load crren are d 6 7 Mode : n hs me he swches and are rned on. As n he prevos cases he energy n form of magnec feld begns o accmlae n ndcor leg B. The crren s closed n loop -. The dode s reverse based. The ndcor volage s

4 d 8 d The crren flow hrogh he ndcor and swches and s 6 6 d d 9 The ndcor crren exponenally ncrease wh me consan τ /R. The swches,, and are sll rned on and he crren delvered o he load s ero all hree legs are shor-crced. The crrens n legs A and C respecvely and he load crren are d d On he assmpon ha he vales of all hree ndcors,, and ressance R n all hree legs are he same hen τ τ τ R Mode 6 6: n hs las mode he swches and are rned off. The energy of ndcor W s delvered o he load hrogh dode. The op crren s enclosed n he loop - and back o he. The ndcor volage s d d The crren flow hrogh he ndcor, dodes, and he load crren are 6. mlaon resls The smlaon model of mlphase boos converer shown on fg. was creaed n programme OrCA o verfy s heorecal properes. The power MOFET s was sed as a co-operang swches. Parameers: swchng freqency - f kh, ndcance - H, np volage - V, op volage - V, dy cycle -,67. Fg.6. shows he ndcor crrens,,, and dode crrens,,,,, n parclar legs. can be seen ha afer rned-on of co-operang ranssors n gven leg he ndcor begns o accmlae energy n form of magnec feld. Ths energy s conseqenly delvered o he load ll hese coples of ranssors are rned-off. Fg.7. shows swchng-dy cycle of man ranssors M, M and M n parclar legs and he load crren. The load crren s eqal he crren of parclar leg n every nsan of me. There are hree neglecable nsan of me when he load crren s ero becase n hese hree me nervals are all hree legs shor-crced. GH Rg Rg M GH M Rg GH V_PV Vdc M {} {} Fg.. mlaon model of proposed mlphase boos converer. Fg.8. shows overall load crren a dfferen vales of np volage namely V, V, 6V, 8V, V and V pper par of fg.8.. From he deal plong lower par of fg.8. can be seen ha he load crren works n connos condcon mode for he whole range of np volages. {} M Rg GH M GH Rg M Rg GH Cf Vdc R m Vba 67

5 [A] [A] [A] [A] [A] eg C [A] [A] eg B The peak-o-peak vales of load rpple crren are 6 ma for he maxmm smlaon np volage V and ma for he mnmm smlaon np volage V, fg. 9. [A],[mA] [A] [A] [A] eg A [s] Fgre 6 waveforms of ndcor crrens,,, and dode crrens,,,,,. g[v] g[v] g[v] [A] Fgre 7 waveforms of gae volage of ranssors g, g and g and load crren. [A] [A],V [A],V [A],8V [A] [s] 9[mA] [s] Fgre 9 oad rpple crren for he maxmm np volage V lef waveform and for he mnmm np volage V rgh waveform.. Conclson The mos poplar maeral se o make he solar cell s slcm. The s also major facor n long-erm energy recovery and hgh cos of PV cells. One way o redce he long erm energy recovery and so hgh cos of PV cells s proposed mlphase boos converer. There s no reqes recperaon energy back o he sorce becase he freewheelng dodes are sed. Ths fac belongs beween one of he many advanages of hs solon. The smlaon resls confrm he heorecal assmes. The energy effcency of proposed mlphase converer s very hgh becase he op PV energy s connally delvered o he load by means of hree phases of mlphase converer. Ths new concep of proposed converer ensres of le he fll range of energy sppled from he solar cell.,6v [A],PVV [A],V [A] [s] Fgre 8 oad crren a dfferen vales of np volage. Bblography [] Fndamenal of phoovolac maerals Naonal olar Power Research nse, nc //98, p.s.. []. Kováč,. Kováčová, Paen applcaon No. - led as, Mlphase boos C/C converer. []. Kováč,. Kováčová, Paen applcaon No. - led as, Mlphase boos C/C converer wh consan slope fallng off of ndcance crren. []. Kováč,. Kováčová,, EMC Aspec as mporan Parameer of New Technologes. n: New Trends n Technologes: Conrol, Managemen, Compaonal nellgence and Nework ysems, Pblsher: cyo, November, pp., BN

6 []. Kováč,. Kováčová,, Mlphase boos Power ranssor MOFET and GBT n lovak, Košce: Elfa,996, 7 pages. [6]. Kováč,. Kováčová,, afegard crcs of power semcondcor pars. n: Aca Elecroechnca e nformaca. Vol., No., pp. -, N -8. [7]. Kováč,. Kováčová,, Modelng and measrng of he elecronc crcs. Košce: Elfa, 996, 96 pages. [8]. Kováč,. Kováčová, J. Oeer, Appled elecroncs: Rles for exercses. n lovak, Košce: Akrs,, 9 pages, BN ACKNOWEGMENT We sppor research acves n lovaka / Projec s co-fnanced from E fnds. Ths paper was developed whn he Projec "Cenrm excelennos negrovaného výskm a vyža progresívnych maerálov a echnológí v oblas aomoblovej elekronky", TM 6 69