Complete the following statement: The standard meter is defined in terms of the speed of light because

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1 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 1 Score/ Complete the following statement: The standard meter is defined in terms of the speed of light because a) all scientists have access to sunlight. b) no agreement could be reached on a standard meter stick. c) the yard is defined in terms of the speed of sound in air. d) the normal meter is defined with respect to the circumference of the earth. e) it is a universal constant How is the standard unit of time, the second, defined in the International System of Units? a) using the frequency of the light emitted from the ideal gas krypton b) using a standard pendulum that has a length of exactly one standard meter c) using a portion of the time for a single rotation of the Earth d) using a high precision telescope to measure the light coming from the most distant objects in the Universe e) using a high precision cesium (atomic) clock Which one of the following statements concerning unit conversion is false? a) Units can be treated as algebraic quantities. b) Units have no numerical significance, so 1.00 kilogram = 1.00 slug. c) For a quantity of given dimension, the units are not unique. d) Quantities with different units can be multiplied or divided. e) Only quantities with the same units can be added or subtracted Which one of the following pairs of units may not be added together, even after the appropriate unit conversions have been made? a) feet and centimeters b) seconds and kilometers c) meters and miles d) grams and kilograms e) hours and years If one inch is equal to 2.54 cm, express 9.68 inches in meters. a) m b) m c) m d) m e) m

2 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 2 Score/ For which one of the following situations will the path length equal the magnitude of the displacement? a) An Olympic athlete is running around an oval track. b) A roller coaster car travels up and down two hills. c) A truck travels 4 miles west; and then, it stops and travels 2 miles west. d) A ball rises and falls after being thrown straight up from the earth's surface. e) A ball on the end of a string is moving in a vertical circle Which one of the following quantities is defined as the distance traveled divided by the elapsed time for the travel? a) average speed b) average velocity c) average acceleration d) instantaneous velocity e) instantaneous acceleration Which one of the following quantities is defined as an object s displacement divided by the elapsed time for the displacement? a) average speed b) average velocity c) average acceleration d) instantaneous velocity e) instantaneous acceleration Complete the following statement: The difference between speed and velocity is a) speed is an average value, but velocity is always an instantaneous measurement. b) velocity is an average, but speed is always an instantaneous measurement. c) speed has a direction, but velocity does not. d) velocity has a direction, but speed does not. e) There is no difference between speed and velocity A motorcycle travels due south covering a total distance of 80.0 kilometers in 60.0 minutes. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is necessarily true? a) The velocity of the motorcycle is constant. b) The acceleration of the motorcycle must be non-zero. c) The motorcycle traveled 40.0 kilometers during the first 30.0 minutes. d) The speed of the motorcycle must be 80.0 kilometers per hour throughout the entire trip. e) The average velocity of the motorcycle is 80.0 kilometers per hour, due south.

3 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 3 Score/ In which one of the following situations does the car have an acceleration that is directed due north? a) A car travels northward with a constant speed of 24 m/s. b) A car is traveling southward as its speed increases from 24 m/s to 33 m/s. c) A car is traveling southward as its speed decreases from 24 m/s to 18 m/s. d) A car is traveling northward as its speed decreases from 24 m/s to 18 m/s. e) A car travels southward with a constant speed of 24 m/s Which one of the following quantities can be determined from the slope of a position versus time graph for an object in motion? a) position b) velocity c) acceleration d) distance traveled e) displacement Which of the following parameters can you determine by finding the slope of a velocity versus time graph at a given time for a moving object? a) instantaneous acceleration b) instantaneous velocity c) position d) distance traveled e) average velocity Consider the position versus time and velocity versus time graphs for an object in motion. Which one of the following phrases best describes the motion of the object? a) constant position b) constant speed c) constant velocity d) constant acceleration e) none of the above A sports car starts from rest and after 10.0 s of constant acceleration the speed of the car is 25.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the car s acceleration? a) 2.50 m/s2 b) 5.00 m/s2 c) 10.0 m/s2 d) 25.0 m/s2 e) 250 m/s2

4 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 4 Score/ Which one of the following situations does the object have no acceleration? a) A ball at the end of a string is whirled in a horizontal circle at a constant speed. b) Seeing a red traffic light ahead, the driver of a minivan steps on the brake. As a result, the minivan slows from 15 m/s to stop before reaching the light. c) A boulder starts from rest and rolls down a mountain. d) An elevator in a tall skyscraper moves upward at a constant speed of 3 m/s. e) A ball is thrown upward from the surface of the earth, slows to a temporary stop at a height of 4 m, and begins to fall back toward the ground Starting from rest, a particle confined to move along a straight line is accelerated at a rate of 2 m/s2. Which one of the following statements accurately describes the motion of this particle? a) The particle travels 2 m during each second. b) The particle travels 2 m only during the first second. c) The speed of the particle increases by 2 m/s during each second. d) The acceleration of the particle increases by 2 m/s2 during each second. e) The final speed of the particle will be proportional to the distance that the particle covers A child throws a ball vertically upward at the school playground. Which one of the following quantities is (are) equal to zero at the highest point of the ball s trajectory? Assume that at the time of release t = 0, the ball is at y = 0 m. a) instantaneous velocity b) displacement c) instantaneous acceleration d) average acceleration e) both instantaneous velocity and instantaneous acceleration A rock is released from rest from a hot air balloon that is at rest with respect to the ground 9.8 meters below. If we ignore air resistance as the rock falls, which one of the following statements is true? a) The rock will take one second to reach the ground. b) The instantaneous speed of the rock just before it reaches the ground will be 9.8 m/s. c) The rock is considered a freely falling body after it is released. d) As the rock falls, its acceleration is 9.8 m/s2, directed upward. e) After the ball is released it falls at a constant speed of 9.8 m/s A heavy lead ball is dropped from rest from the top of a very tall tower. Neglecting effects due to air resistance and variation of g, which one of the following statements is false? a) The magnitude of the velocity of the ball increases by 9.8 m/s for each second that the ball falls. b). The position of the ball depends at any given time on the height of the tower. c) The ball falls 9.8 m during each second of its motion. d) The motion of the ball does not depend on its mass. e) The magnitude of the acceleration of the ball is constant.

5 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 5 Score/ Which of the following parameters, if any, is not a vector? a) acceleration b) displacement c) average velocity d) all are vectors e) none are vectors Which of the following parameters, if any, is not a scalar quantity? a) temperature b) distance c) average speed d) instantaneous velocity e) all are scalars Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false? a) In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself. b) It is possible to use vector components that are negative. c) A scalar component may be either positive or negative. d) A vector that is zero may have components other than zero. e) Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction Vector r has a magnitude of 88 km/h and is directed at 25 o relative to the x axis. Which of the following choices indicates the horizontal component r x of the vector r? a) +22 km/h b) +39 km/h c) +79 km/h d) +66 km/h e) +72 km/h Vector A has components A x = 15.0 and A y = 9.0. What is the approximate magnitude A of vector A? a) 12.0 b) 24.0 c) 10.9 d) 6.87 e) 17.5

6 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following statements concerning the displacement of an object is false? a) Displacement is a vector quantity that points from the initial position of an object to its final position. b) The magnitude of an object s displacement is always equal to the distance it traveled from its initial position to its final position. c) The magnitude of an object`s displacement is the shortest distance from its initial position to its final position. d) The direction of an object`s displacement is indicated by an arrow that begins on the initial position of the object and ends on its final position. e) The length of the arrow representing an object`s displacement is proportional to its magnitude In two-dimensional motion in the x-y plane, what is the relationship between the x part of the motion to the y part of the motion? a) The x part of the motion is independent of the y part of the motion. b) The y part of the motion goes as the square of the x part of the motion. c) The x part of the motion is linearly dependent on the y part of the motion. d) The x part of the motion goes as the square of the y part of the motion. e) If the y part of the motion is in the vertical direction, then x part of the motion is dependent on the y part At time t 1 = 0 s, the position vector of a sailboat is r 1. Later, at time t 2, the sailboat has a position vector r 2. Which of the following expressions correctly indicates the displacement of the sailboat during the time interval, t 2 t 1? a) r 2 b) r 1 c) r 2 + r 1 d) r 2 - r 1 e) r 1 - r Which one of the following quantities is the change in object s velocity divided by the elapsed time as the elapsed time becomes very small? a) average velocity b) instantaneous velocity c) average displacement d) average acceleration e) instantaneous acceleration Complete the following statement: The direction of the instantaneous velocity of a particle is a) tangent to the path of the particle. b) the same as the direction of the average velocity vector. c) perpendicular to the path of the particle. d) the same as the direction of the acceleration of the particle. e) perpendicular to the direction of the acceleration of the particle.

7 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ A football is kicked at an angle 25 0 with respect to the horizontal. Which one of the following statements best describes the acceleration of the football during this event if air resistance is neglected? a) The acceleration is zero m/s 2 at all times. b) The acceleration is zero m/s 2 when the football has reached the highest point in its trajectory. c) The acceleration is positive as the football rises, and it is negative as the football falls. d) The acceleration starts at 9.8 m/s 2 and drops to some lower value as the ball approaches the ground. e) The acceleration is 9.8 m/s2 at all times Complete the following statement: In projectile motion, a) the horizontal motion depends on the vertical motion. b) the vertical motion depends on the horizontal motion. c) the horizontal acceleration depends on the vertical acceleration. d) the horizontal motion and the vertical motion are independent of each other. e) the vertical acceleration depends on the horizontal acceleration A ball is launched with an initial velocity v 0 as shown. Which one of the following arrows best represents the direction of the velocity at point C? a) b) c) d) e) The velocity at point C is zero m/s Which graph could represent the horizontal position, x, of the ball versus time t in the previous question? An airplane is flying horizontally at a constant velocity when a package is dropped from its cargo bay. Assuming no air resistance, which one of the following statements is correct? a) The package follows a curved path that lags behind the airplane. b) The package follows a straight line path that lags behind the airplane. c) The package follows a straight line path, but it is always vertically below the airplane. d) The package follows a curved path, but it is always vertically below the airplane. e) The package follows a curved path, but moves ahead of the airplane horizontally.

8 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ A satellite orbits the Earth in uniform circular motion. What is the direction of centripetal acceleration of the satellite? a) The centripetal acceleration is a scalar quantity and it doesn t have a direction. b) The centripetal acceleration vector points radially outward from the Earth. c) The centripetal acceleration vector points radially inward toward the Earth. d) The centripetal acceleration vector points in the direction of the satellite s velocity. e) The centripetal acceleration vector points in the direction opposite that of the satellite s velocity A bicycle racer is traveling at constant speed v around a circular track. The centripetal acceleration of the bicycle is a. What happens to the centripetal acceleration of the bicycle if the speed is doubled to 2v? a) The centripetal acceleration increases to 4a. b) The centripetal acceleration decreases to 0.25 a. c) The centripetal acceleration increases to 2a. d) The centripetal acceleration decreases to 0.5a. e) The centripetal acceleration does not change For an object in uniform circular motion, which of the following statements is false? a) The velocity of the object is constant. b) The magnitude of the acceleration of the object is constant. c) The acceleration is directed radially inward. d) The magnitude of the velocity is constant. e) The velocity is directed in a direction that is tangent to the circular path If an object is moving in uniform circular motion, its period is given by which one of the following quantities? a) the speed of the object b) the centripetal acceleration of the object c) the number of revolutions the object makes each second d) the time interval for the object to make one revolution e) the displacement of the object At one point during the Tour de France bicycle race, three racers are riding along a straight, level section of road. The velocity of racer A relative to racer B is V AB = +6.0 m/s ; the velocity of A relative to C is V AC = +2.0 m/s ; what is the velocity of C relative to B, V CB? a) +2.0 m/s b) +4.0 m/s c) +8.0 m/s d) m/s e) m/s

9 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following statements concerning Newtonian mechanics is false? a) Newtonian mechanics was developed by Isaac Newton. b) Newtonian mechanics can be considered a special case of either Special Relativity or Quantum Mechanics, which are more comprehensive theories. c) Newtonian mechanics can be used to describe the motion of galaxies. d) Newtonian mechanics provides an understanding of the relationship between forces and accelerations. e) Newtonian mechanics applies to all objects, regardless of their speed or acceleration Which of the following statements is true according to Newton s first law of motion? a) A net force is required to maintain an object at rest. b) A net force is required to maintain an object s constant velocity. c) A net force is required to change an object s velocity Complete the following statement: The net force that results when two or more forces act on an object is a) determined by adding the magnitudes of the individual forces. The direction of the net force is the same as the direction of motion. b) the largest force acting on the object. c) determined using vector addition of the individual forces acting on the object. d) the magnitude of the largest force acting on the object. The direction of the net force is the same as the direction of motion A net force F is required to give an object with mass m an acceleration a. If a net force 6 F is applied to an object with mass 2m, what is the acceleration on this object? a) a b) 2a c) 3a d) 4a e) 6a Which of the following is not a valid unit for force? a) kg m/s 2 b) N c) lb d) dyne e) kg m 2 /s

10 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Only two forces F 1 and F 2 act on an object A which has acceleration a. Object A also exerts a force F 3 on object B. Which of the following vectors should be drawn in a free-body diagram for A? a) F 1 and F 2 b) F 1 and F 2 and F 3 c) F 1 and F 2 and F 3 and a d) Components of F 1 and F 2 e) F 1 and F 2 and a What is the meaning of the word normal in the term normal force? a) that it is same magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity on the object b) that it is one that is encountered in everyday life c) that it is directed perpendicular to a surface d) that it is measurable e) that it has a magnitude of 1 unit A rock is suspended from a string and moves downward at constant speed. Which statement is true concerning the tension in the string if air resistance is ignored? a) The tension is less than the gravity force on the rock. b) The tension is equal to the gravity force on the rock. c) The tension is greater than the gravity force on the rock. d) The tension points downward. e) The tension is zero newtons Two forces act on a hockey puck. For which orientation of the forces will the puck acquire an acceleration with the largest magnitude? In which case will the magnitude of the normal force on the block be larger than Mg? a) case 1 only b) case 2 only c) both cases 1 and 2 d) both cases 2 and 3 e) cases 1, 2, and 3

11 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following statements concerning the static and kinetic frictional forces is correct? a) When an object is stationary, both static and kinetic frictional forces are acting on it. b) When an object is stationary, only the kinetic frictional force acts on it. c) When an object is sliding, only the static frictional force acts on it. d) The static frictional force acts on an object when it is stationary and the kinetic frictional force acts on it when it is sliding. e) Static and kinetic frictional forces act in the same direction as the normal force What is the underlying physical reason for the difference between the static and kinetic coefficients of friction of ordinary surfaces? a) The static friction coefficient is due to the presence of cold welds. b) There are fewer cold welds in the case of sliding. c) In the static case, nearly 100 % of the surfaces are in contact at the atomic level. d) When the two surfaces are stationary relative to each other, there are fewer cold welds Two identical blocks are pulled along a rough surface as suggested in the figure. Which one of the following statements is false? a) The coefficient of kinetic friction is the same in each case. b) A force of the same magnitude is needed to keep each block moving. c) The normal force exerted on the blocks by the surface is the same for both blocks. d) The magnitude of the force of kinetic friction is greater for the block on the right. e) A force of the same magnitude was required to start each block moving The drag force is not dependent on which of the following parameters? a) air density b) the drag coefficient c) the speed of the object relative to the fluid in which it`s moving d) the density of the object e) cross-sectional area Which one of the following has the largest terminal velocity? a) raindrop b) tennis ball c) ping pong ball d) parachutist with an open chute e) a shot put ball

12 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 12 A force is necessary to maintain an object in uniform circular motion because a) The object is accelerating tangential to the circle. b) It must overcome the drag force c) The object is accelerating away from the center of the circle d) Uniform motion always implies there is an acceleration e) The object is accelerating toward the center of the circle A motorcycle travels at a constant speed around a circular track. Which one of the following statements about this motorcycle is true? a) The car has a velocity vector that points along the radius of the circle. b) The car is characterized by constant velocity. c) The car is characterized by constant acceleration. d) The velocity of the car is changing. e) The car has an acceleration vector that is tangent to the circle at all times The centripetal force is best explained by which of the following statements? a) The centripetal force is the force on an object that is directed radially outward from the center of its orbit. b) The centripetal force is the force on an orbiting object that is directed along a line that is tangent to the circle. c) The centripetal force is the net force acting on an orbiting object that maintains it in uniform circular motion. d) The centripetal force is a fundamental force of nature The centripetal force that holds a car moving at constant speed around a flat curve without sliding is a) the static friction force from the tires b) the horizontal component of the normal force c) the kinetic friction force from the tires d) the horizontal component of the car's weight e) the reaction force to the car's weight Which one of the following forces holds a car on a frictionless banked curve? a) the horizontal component of the normal force b) the vertical component of the car's weight c) the vertical component of the normal force d) the horizontal component of the car's weight e) the horizontal component of the friction force

13 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following is an example of an object with a non-zero kinetic energy? a) a train is parked in a train station b) a car rests at the top of a hill c) the pendulum of a grandfather clock is still d) a boulder rests at the bottom of a cliff e) the international space station is orbiting the Earth In which of the following circumstances does the force do positive work on the object? a) The direction of the force is perpendicular to the object s displacement. b) The direction of the force is in the opposite direction to the object s displacement. c) No matter the direction of the force, positive work will be done if there is a displacement of the object. d) The direction of the force is in the same direction as the object s displacement. e) The object s displacement is zero meters as the force is applied What happens to the kinetic energy of an object of constant mass when its velocity changes from -2 m/s to + 2 m/s? a) It increases b) It decreases c) It reverses sign d) It stays the same e) Cannot answer without knowing the mass value An object is initially at height y 1. After a time interval t, the object is located at height y 2. The work done by the gravitational force on the object is dependent on which of the following quantities? a) y 2 y 1 b) y 1 + y 2 c) the time interval t taken to move from y 1 to y 2 d) choices b and c e) choices a and c What is the value of the work done by a constant force of 24 N that produces a displacement of 0.5 m in the opposite direction to the force? a) 12 J b) 24 J c) -24 J d) -12 J e) None of the above

14 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ In which of the following situations is there a variable force? a) A spring stretching b) A freely falling ball c) A block sliding on a rough surface d) A block with constant acceleration e) Both a) and d) In which situation is can the work done by a variable force always be approximated by force times distance? a) When the distance is very small b) When the force is very small c) When the force and displacement are in the same direction d) When the force and distance are very small e) None of the above The work done by a force that varies in magnitude can be obtained from which of the following choices? a) by calculating the time-averaged force and multiplying by the displacement b) by finding the area under a force versus displacement graph c) by integrating Fdx d) by either choice (b) or choice (c) e) by finding the area under a force versus velocity graph Which one of the following choices is not a unit of power? a) kg m 2 /s b) ft lb/s c) horsepower d) J/s e) W The power due to a force depends on which of the following parameters? a) the magnitude of the force and the displacement of the object b) the magnitude of the force and the velocity of the object c) the mass of the object and the velocity of the object d) the work done on the object and its displacement e) the mass of the object and the displacement of the object

15 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following choices is not a kind of potential energy? a) elastic b) gravitational c) kinetic d) all of these are potential energies What is the relationship between the gravitational potential energy of an object and the work done on the object by the gravitational force? a) The work is equal to the gravitational potential energy. b) The negative of the work is equal to the change in the gravitational potential energy. c) The negative of the work is equal to the square of the gravitational potential energy. d) The work is equal to the square of the gravitational potential energy. e) The work is equal to one-half of the gravitational potential energy Complete the following statement: A force that acts on an object moving between two points is said to be conservative if a) the work it does on the object is equal to the increase in the object's kinetic energy b) the work it does on the object is independent of the path between the points. c) it always acts in the direction of motion of the object. d) it results in a change in the object's kinetic energy. e) it obeys Newton's laws of motion A ball is constrained to follow a circular path by a conservative force. Which one of the following statements concerning the net work done during one complete revolution is true? a) The net work depends only on the time period. b) The net work depends only on the velocity of the ball. c) The net work depends only on the radius of the circle. d) The net work is equal to zero joules. e) The net work is greater than zero joules In which one of the following situations is there a decrease in gravitational potential energy? a) A large boulder rests at the bottom of a steep hill. b) A helicopter takes off from the roof of a hospital and flies due west. c) A child accidentally releases a helium-filled balloon and it flies upward into the clouds. d) A girl jumps down from a bed and lands on her feet. e) A truck drives at an average velocity of 25 m/s, due north along a level, country road.

16 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 16 Score/ / An arrow is launched straight up from the surface of the Earth. Which one of the following statementss describes the energy transformation n of the arrow as it rises? Neglect air resistance. a) The kinetic energy of the arrow increases and its potential energy decreases. b) Both the potentiall energy of the arrow and its total energy increase. c) The kinetic energy of the arrow decreases as the potential energy increases. d) Both the kinetic energy of the arrow and its potential energy remain constant. e) The total energy of the arrow increases Complete the following statement: The total mechanical energy of a system remains unchanged if a) the external forces acting on the system are nonconservative. b) the external forces acting on the system are conservative. c) the kinetic energy is constant. d) the potential energy is constant. e) there are no external forces acting on the system A ball is thrown vertically upward in the air. zero at the highest point of the ball s trajectory? a) acceleration b) net force c) potential energy d) kinetic energy e) total mechanical energy Which one of the following quantities is necessarily equal to Which one of the following situations has a point of neutral equilibrium? a) a marble on a flat tabletop b) a pendulum c) a ball on a hill d) a block on a vertical spring e) a horse is jumping over a fence with all four hooves above the ground The graph shows the potential energy as a function of distance for an object moving along the x axis. At which of the labeled points does the force acting on the object have the largest magnitude? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E

17 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ The center of mass of two non-identical point masses is located a) at the midpoint between them. b) closer to the smaller mass c) closer to the larger mass d) undefined e) at infinity Complete the following statement: The center of mass is a) the region of an object where the density has the largest value. b) the region of an object where most of the mass is located. c) the point within an object that moves as if all of the object s mass where located there. d) the point at the geometrical center of an object. e) the only point on an object at which the gravitational force acts The center of mass of a uniform solid body with a line of symmetry always lies a) somewhere off the line of symmetry b) at one end of the line of symmetry c) somewhere on the line of symmetry d) inside the body e) both c) and d) Which one of the following statements concerning the center of mass of an object is true? a) The velocity of the center of mass of a system of objects is constant when the sum of the external forces acting on the system is zero. b) The center of mass of a system of objects cannot change even if there are forces acting on the objects. c) All of an object s mass is located at its center of mass. d) The velocity of the center of mass of a system of objects is greatly affected by a collision of objects within the system. e) The center of mass of an object must be located within the object Complete the following statement: the center of mass of a system of particles has a constant velocity if a) the velocity of the center of mass is initially zero. b) the particles are distributed symmetrically around the center of mass. c) the forces exerted by the particles on each other sum to zero. d) the center of mass is at the geometric center of the system. e) the external forces acting on particles of the system sum to zero.

18 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following statements concerning the momentum of a system when the net force acting on the system is equal to zero newtons is true? a) The momentum of the system is increasing. b) The momentum of the system is decreasing. c) The momentum of the system is equal to zero kg m/s. d) The momentum of the system has a constant value. e) The momentum of the system has a negative value Which one of the following statements is true concerning momentum? a) Momentum is a force. b) Momentum is a velocity. c) Momentum is a scalar quantity. d) The momentum of an object is always positive. e) Momentum is measured in kg m/s The momentum of an object is not dependent on which one of the following quantities? a) acceleration b) inertia c) mass d) speed e) velocity Which of the following units are used for an impulse? a) kg m/s b) kg / m c) N / s d) kg / (m s) e) N kg / s Which one of the following quantities is equal to the change in momentum of an object during a collision? a) impulse b) net force c) work d) change in kinetic energy e) maximum force

19 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ A collision between two objects is elastic. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true? a) The total kinetic energy of the objects is the same before and after the collision. b) The total momentum of the objects is zero kg m/s after the collision. c) The objects stick together and move as one object after the collision. d) The kinetic energy of the objects is zero joules after the collision. e) The vector sum of the velocities of the two objects is equal to zero m/s after the collision Which one of the following provides a basis to distinguish different types of collisions? a) conservation of linear momentum b) conservation of mechanical energy c) conservation of kinetic energy d) conservation of impulse e) conservation of mass A collision between two objects is inelastic. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true? a) The vector sum of the velocities of the two objects is equal to zero m/s after the collision. b) The total momentum of the objects after the collision is less than it was before the collision. c) The objects bounce away from each other after the collision. d) The kinetic energy of the objects is zero joules after the collision. e) The total kinetic energy of the objects after the collision is less than it was before the collision A boy of mass m runs with a speed v and jumps onto a sled on an icy pond. The sled was at rest before the boy jumped onto it. After the jump, the sled and boy move at a speed v/2. What is the mass of the sled? a) m/2 b) m c) 2m d) 3m e) 4m Two objects are involved in an elastic collision. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is false? a) The total momentum is conserved. b) The magnitude of the force exerted by each object on the other object is equal. c) The kinetic energy of each object is the same before and after the collision. d) The total kinetic energy before the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision. e) The total kinetic energy is conserved.

20 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ How many degrees are there in one radian? a) b) 1.57 c) 3.14 d) 16.3 e) The SI unit for angular displacement is the radian. In calculations, what is the effect of using the radian? a) Any angular quantities involving the radian must first be converted to degrees. b) The result of the calculation will always have the radian among the units. c) Since the radian is a dimensionless quantity, any units multiplied or divided by the radian will be equal to one. d) Since the radian is a dimensionless quantity, the number of radians of angular displacement plays no role in the calculation. e) Since the radian is a dimensionless quantity, there is no effect on other units when multiplying of dividing by the radian The hand on a certain stopwatch makes one complete revolution every three seconds. Express the magnitude of the angular velocity of this hand in radians per second. a) 0.33 rad/s b) 0.66 rad/s c) 2.1 rad/s d) 6.0 rad/s e) 19 rad/s Which one of the following choices is the SI unit for angular velocity? a) revolutions per minute (rpm) b) meters per second (m/s) c) degrees per minute ( /min) d) radians per second (rad/s) e) tychos per second (ty/s) The wheels of a bicycle roll without slipping on a horizontal road. The bicycle is moving due east at a constant velocity. What is the direction of the angular velocity of the wheels? a) down b) west c) east d) north e) south

21 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ A deep space probe is rotating about a fixed axis with a constant angular acceleration. Which one of the following statements concerning the tangential acceleration component of any point on the probe is true? a) The probe s tangential acceleration component is constant in both magnitude and direction. b) The magnitude of the probe s tangential acceleration component is zero m/s 2. c) The tangential acceleration component depends on the angular velocity of the probe. d) The tangential acceleration component is to equal the radial acceleration of the probe. e) The tangential acceleration component depends on the change in the probe s angular velocity Two points are located on a rigid wheel that is rotating with a decreasing angular velocity about a fixed axis. Point A is located on the rim of the wheel and point B is halfway between the rim and the axis. Which one of the following statements is true concerning this situation? a) Both points have the same radial acceleration component. b) Both points have the same instantaneous angular velocity. c) Both points have the same tangential acceleration component. d) Each second, point A turns through a greater angle than point B. e) The angular velocity at point A is greater than that of point B Which one of the following statements correctly relates the radial acceleration component and the angular velocity? a) The radial acceleration component is the square of the angular velocity divided by the radius. b) The radial acceleration component is the product of the radius and the square of the angular velocity. c) The radial acceleration component is the product of the radius and the angular velocity. d) The radial acceleration component is the angular velocity divided by the radius. e) The radial acceleration component is independent of the angular velocity Which one of the following statements provides the best definition of rotational inertia? a) Rotational inertia is the momentum of a rotating object. b) Rotational inertia is the same as the mass of a rotating object. c) Rotational inertia is the resistance of an object to a change in its angular velocity. d) Rotational inertia is the resistance of an object to a change in its linear velocity. e) Rotational inertia is the resistance of an object to a change in its angular acceleration Two solid spheres have the same mass, but one is made from lead and the other from pine wood. How do the rotational inertias of the two spheres compare? a) The rotational inertia of the lead sphere is greater than that of the one made of wood. b) The rotational inertia of the wood sphere is greater than that of the one made of lead. c) The rotational inertia of the wood sphere is the same as that of the one made of lead. d) There is no way to compare the spheres.

22 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Vector A is directed due north. Vector B is directed due east. Determine the direction of the vector product, A x B. a) due south b) due west c) vertically downward d) vertically upward e) 45 north of east An object, which is considered a rigid body, is not in equilibrium. Which one of the following expressions must be true concerning the angular acceleration and translational acceleration a of the object? a) = 0 rad/s 2 and a = 0 m/s 2 b) > 0 rad/s 2 and a = 0 m/s 2 c) a > 0 m/s 2 and = 0 rad/s 2 d) > 0 rad/s 2 and a > 0 m/s 2 e) Either > 0 rad/s 2 or a > 0 m/s The units of torque are which of the following? a) newtons (N) b) N m c) kg/s 2 d) kg m 2 e) angular newtons Complete the following statement: When determining the net torque on a rigid body, only the torques due to a) internal forces are considered. b) external forces are considered. c) forces that are either parallel or perpendicular to the lever arms are considered. d) forces that form action-reaction pairs, as in applying Newton s third law of motion, are considered. e) internal and external forces are considered To increase the torque when pushing open a door you should a) Push higher up the door b) Push nearer the hinges c) Push further from the hinges d) Push lower down the door e) It makes no difference where you push

23 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ The entrance door to a video store is pivoted about the hinges on the left side of the door. When you begin to push on the right side of the door to enter the store, what is the direction of the torque on the door? a) into the store b) out of the store c) upward d) downward e) none of the above If the magnitude of position vector r and force vector F are r and F respectively, under what conditions does the torque vector τ = r F? a) This occurs when the two vectors are perpendicular to one another. b) This occurs when the two vectors have the same magnitude. c) This situation never occurs. d) This occurs when the two vectors are parallel to one another. e) This always occurs, regardless of the particular vectors involved Which one of the following expressions allows one to calculate the angular momentum for a rigid body about a fixed axis? a) (1/2) I 2 b) (1/2) MR 2 c) 2I d) I e) (1/2) MRv What happens when a spinning ice skater draws in her outstretched arms? a) Her moment of inertia decreases causing her to slow down. b) Her angular momentum decreases. c) The torque that she exerts increases her moment of inertia. d) Her angular momentum increases. e) Her moment of inertia decreases causing her to speed up Why do long jumpers rotate their arms while airborne? a) To increase their total angular momentum b) To produce uplift against the air c) To look good for the cameras d) To create extra torque during the jump e) To maintain body orientation by transferring angular momentum

24 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 24 Score/ / A block is sliding down a ramp at a constant velocity. Which one of the following statements is true? a) The block is not in equilibrium because the net forces on the block are not equal to zero newtons. b) The block is in static equilibrium. c) The block is not in equilibrium because the net torque on the block is not equal to zero N m. d) The block is in equilibrium, but it is not in static equilibrium. e) The block is not in equilibrium because the linear momentum of the block is not equal to zero kg m/s Which of the following actions will take place if an object in unstable equilibrium is slightly displaced? a) The object will move in the direction opposite that of the displacement. b) The object will stop moving as soon as it reaches a place of stable equilibrium. c) The kinetic energy will decrease. d) The potential energy will decrease Complete the following statement: When determining the net torque on a rigid body, only the torques due to a) internal forces are considered. b) external forces are considered. c) forces that are either parallel or perpendicular to the lever armss are considered. d) forces that form action-reaction pairs as in applying Newton s third law of motion are considered. e) internal and external forces are considered Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the center of gravity of an object? a) It is the point where gravity acts on the object. b) It is the point on the object where all the weight is concentrated. c) It is the point from which the torque produced by the weight of the object can be calculated. d) It must be experimentally determined for all objects. e) It is the point where all the mass is concentrated Consider the four situations shown below. A cube-shapedd object is on a plank that is supported by one or more fulcrums, represented as triangles. An upward force, represented by thee arrow, is applied at the locations shown. In which of these situations is the cube-shaped object most likely to be in static equilibrium?

25 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Complete the following statement: Near the surface of the earth, the weight of an object a) is the same as the mass of the object. b) is the gravitational force of the earth on the object. c) has the same value regardless of the altitude above the surface of the earth. d) has the same value regardless of the mass of the object The magnitude of the gravitational force is related to the distance between two objects. Which of the following choices gives the correct relationship between the distance r and the gravitational force? a) r b) r 2 c) 1/r d) 1/r 2 e) r 1/ Which one of the following statements concerning the two "gravitational constants" G, the universal gravitational constant, and g the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity is true? a) The values of g and G depend on location. b) The values of g and G do not depend on location. c) The value of g is the same everywhere in the universe, but the value of G is not. d) The values of g and G are equal on the surface of any planet, but in general, vary with location in the universe. e) The value of G is the same everywhere in the universe, but the value of g is not Given a collection of particles, through what process would one determine the net gravitational force on one of the particles due to the others? a) If the number of particles is odd, then the net force on the particle will be zero since every other particle is paired with another particle. b) The gravitational force of the particle nearest the particle will exert the greatest force and the others are negligible. c) Calculate the gravitational force of each particle on the given particle and add them together as vectors to find the net force. d) Calculate the gravitational force of each particle on the given particle and use the vector cross product to find the net force. e) Multiply the mass of the particle by 9.8 m/s Hypothetically speaking, if an object were located at the center of the Earth, the gravitational force on that object of due to the surrounding Earth, assuming matter is uniformly distributed, would have which of the following values? a) The force would be approximately the same value as if the object were on the surface of the Earth. b) The force would be much greater than the value if the object were on the surface of the Earth. c) The force would be somewhat less than the value if the object was on the surface of the Earth, but it would be greater than zero newtons. d) The force would be zero newtons.

26 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 26 Score/ / The magnitude of the gravitational potential energy is related to the distance from a mass. Which of the following choices gives the correct relationship between the distance r and the gravitational potential energy? a) -1/r b) r 2 c) r d) 1/rr 2 e) 1/r Consider the objects of various masses and separations indicated below. In which of these situations is the gravitational potential energy of the two objects the largest (i.e. the least negative)? a) #1 b) #2 c) #3 d) #2 and #3 e) #1,, #2, and # Which one of the following statements concerning Kepler s Law of Orbits is true? a) All planets move in i elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus. b) Alll planets move in i circular orbits, with the Sun at the center. c) All planets move in i elliptical orbits, with the planet at one focus. d) All planets move in i circular orbits around the center of mass of the solar system. e) All planets move in i helical orbits, with the Sun at one end of the helix Each of the orbits shown has the same length semi-major axis, but differs in the eccentricities, which are given. In which of these orbits is the distance between the center of the orbit and the focus at M largest? a) e = 0.9 b) e = 0.8 c) e = 0.5 d) e = 0 e) All of the orbits have the same distance center to focus Which one of the following statements represents the Laww of Periods? a) The orbital period of a satellite in orbit of a planet is inversely y proportional to its mass. b) The period of a planet in its orbit about the Sun is directly proportional to the radius of its orbit. c) The rotational period of the Sun equals the sum of the rotational periods of the planets. d) Every planet sweeps out the same area in a one Earth year period, making one complete orbit about the Sun. e) The square of the period of any planet is proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its orbit.

27 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 27 Score/ / Which one of the following statements best describes fluids? a) Fluids are liquids. b) Fluids are gases. c) Fluids are transparent. d) Fluids are gases or liquids. e) Fluids are opaque The density of mercury is kg/m 3. What is the mass of a m 3 sample of mercury? a) 6.29 kg b) 5.44 kg c) 2.94 kg d) kg e) kg Which of the following choices is equivalent to the SI unitt of pressure, the pascal? a) N/ m b) N/ /m s 2 c) kg/ /m s 2 d) N/ /s e) kg m/s Consider the drawing of the liquid within the U-shaped tube that has both sides open at the top. Is this fluid in equilibrium? a) Yes, the fluid must be in equilibrium. b) No, side A should be lower than side B. c) No, side B should be lower than side A d) No, both sides should be at the same height. e) The answer may be yes or no, depending on the density of thee fluid Which one of the following statements concerning the buoyant force on an object submerged in a liquid is true? a) The buoyant force will increase with depth if the liquid is incompressible. b) The buoyant force depends on the volume of the liquid displaced. c) The buoyant force depends on the weight of the object. d) The buoyant force depends on the mass of the object. e) The buoyant force is independent of the density of the liquid.

28 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 28 Score/ / Which one of the following statements best describes laminar flow in fluids. a) At a given point in the moving fluid, the fluid velocity is constant. b) At all points in the moving fluid, the fluid velocity is constant. c) Fluid particles only move along streamlines within the fluid. Particles not on a streamline do not move. d) All particles within the fluid follow straight lines called streamlines and their velocity is constant. e) At a given point on a streamline, the fluid velocity is varying, but the average velocity along the streamline is constant Which law, principle, or equation specifies that the mass flow rate of a fluid at two positions along a tube must be constant? a) Archimedes' principle b) Pascal's principle c) Poiseuille's law d) equation of continuity e) Bernoulli's equation Complete the following statement: Bernoulli's principle iss a statement off a) momentum conservation in dynamic fluids. b) energy conservation in dynamic fluids. c) mechanical equilibrium in fluids. d) thermal equilibrium in fluids. e) hydrostatic equilibrium Which one of the following statements is false concerning the derivation or usage of Bernoulli s equation? a) Streamline flow is assumed. b) The fluid must be incompressible. c) The fluid must be non-viscous. d) The work-energy theorem is used to derive Bernoulli s equation. e) Vertical distances are always measured relative to the lowest point within the fluid Oil is flowing through a tube that has two different cross-sectional areas as shown in the drawing. At position A where the radius of the tube is 7.0 cm, the mass flow rate of the oil iss kg/s. What is the mass flow rate at position B where the radius of the tube is 3.5 cm? a) kg/s b) kg/s c) kg/s d) kg/s e) kg/s

29 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 29 Score/ / A block is hung vertically at the end of a spring. When thee block is displaced and released, it moves in simple harmonic motion. Which one of the following statementss is true concerning the block? a) The maximum acceleration of the block occurs when its velocity is zero. b) The velocity of the block is never zero m/s. c) If the velocity of the block is zero m/s, it acceleration is zero m/s 2. d) The maximum velocity occurs when the maximum accelerationn occurs Consider the graph shown for the position of a ball attached to a spring as it oscillates in simple harmonic motion. At which of the following times does the ball have its greatest speed? a) 1 s b) 2 s c) 4 s d) 6 s e) both 2 s and 6 s Which one of the following statements concerning simple harmonic motion is false? a) The displacement versus time graph for an object in simple harmonic motion resembles the sine or cosine function. b) A restoring force acts on an object in simple harmonic motionn that is directedd in the same direction as the object s displacement. c) The amplitude of the object in simple harmonic motion is the maximum distance the object moves from its equilibrium position. d) During simple harmonic motion, the net force on the object iss zero newtons when it is at its equilibrium position. e) A restoring force acts on the object that is proportional to the object s displacement from its equilibrium position Which one of the following statements concerning the elastic potential energy of a ball attached to a spring is true when the ball is moving in simple harmonic motion? a) The elastic potential energy is at its minimum when the spring is in its equilibrium position. b) The elastic potential energy is smaller when the ball is at x than when it is att +x. c) The elastic potential energy can be expressed in units of watts.. d) The elastic potential energy is at its maximum when the velocity of the ball iss a maximum. e) The elastic potential energy is at its minimum when the acceleration of the ball is a maximum Under which one of the following conditions does the motion of a simple pendulum approximate simple harmonic motion? a) when the pendulum swings rapidly b) when the pendulum swings slowly c) when the pendulum swings through a small angle d) when the pendulum swings through a large angle e) when the length of the pendulum is more than twice the diameter of the bobb

30 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Under which one of the following conditions does motion in a circle necessarily produce simple harmonic motion of the projection on a diameter of the circle? a) when the speed is periodic b) when the speed oscillates with simple harmonic motion c) when the speed is constant d) when the speed equals the resonant frequency e) It is never possible What type of motion is represented by the graph shown? a) simple harmonic motion b) damped harmonic motion c) special harmonic motion d) squeezed harmonic motion e) depleted harmonic motion Which of the following best describes the effect of a damping force on simple harmonic motion? a) Over time it reduces the amplitude b) It reduces the frequency c) a) and b) d) It reduces the initial phase e) a), b) and d) Complete the following sentence: In harmonic motion, resonance occurs when a) the energy in the system is proportional to the square of the motion's amplitude. b) the driving frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the system. c) the energy in the system is a minimum. d) the system is damped. e) the driving frequency is varying In which of the following situations is resonant oscillation generally desirable? a) An aircraft wing b) A child s swing c) A bridge span d) A car suspension e) A skyscraper

31 Name PHYS1303 READING QUIZ 31 Score/ / According to the text, waves are of three main types. Which of the following choices correctly lists these three main types? a) mechanical, sound, and light waves b) mechanical, electromagnetic, and matter waves c) transverse, sound, and matter waves d) longitudinal, electromagnetic, and sound waves e) simple harmonic, light, and matter waves Which one of the following statements concerning transverse waves is true? a) The direction of the disturbance is parallel to the direction of travel. b) The direction of the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of travel. c) A sound wave is an example of a transverse wave. d) Transverse waves are not periodic waves. e) Transverse waves always travel at the speed of light A sound wave is an example of what type of wave? a) longitudinal wave b) electromagnetic wave c) matter wave d) transverse wave e) seismic wave The graph shows the vertical displacement as a function off time at one location in a medium through which a wave is traveling. What is the amplitude of the wave? a) 1 m b) 2 m c) 4 m d) 6 m e) 8 m Which one of the following factors is important in determining the speed of waves on a string? a) amplitude b) frequency c) length of the string d) mass per unit length e) speed of the particles that compose the string

32 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Which one of the following statements concerning mechanical waves is false? a) A wave carries energy from one place to another. b) A wave is a disturbance that travels from one place to another. c) The disturbance of particles of a medium may be in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. d) Sound waves are purely longitudinal waves. e) A wave carries particles of its medium from one place to another Which of the following properties do not affect the average transmitted power of a wave on a string? a) frequency b) Mass per unit length c) speed of the wave d) length e) tension According to the Principle of Superposition, how are two waves combined to produce a resultant wave? a) The velocity vectors are added together. b) The displacement of the two waves are added algebraically. c) The amplitudes of the two waves are multiplied together. d) Waves are always independent of each other and cannot be combined Sine wave A has an amplitude of 0.5 m and sine wave B has an amplitude of 0.6 m. When waves A and B combine, the amplitude is 0.9 m. Which of the following statements concerning this observation is true? a) This was an observation in error, since the superposition of these two waves cannot result in an amplitude larger than 0.6 m. b) This was an observation in error, since the superposition of two these two waves will always result in an amplitude of 1.1 m. c) This is an example of the superposition of two waves resulting in exactly in phase interference. d) This is an example of the superposition of two waves resulting in destructive interference. e) This is an example of the superposition of two waves resulting in partially constructive interference What will occur in the superposition of two identical sine waves if they are shifted by (5/2) relative to one another? a) The waves will interfere with each other destructively. b) The waves will interfere with each other constructively. c) The waves will travel in opposite directions. d) One wave will travel faster than the other, but in the same direction. e) Since the waves are out of phase, they do not interfere with each other.

33 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ Under what conditions will a standing wave be produced from interference of two sinusoidal waves? a) The waves have same direction and frequency but different wavelength b) The waves have same direction, frequency and wavelength c) The waves have opposite direction and diffefrequency but same wavelength d) The waves have different direction, frequency and wavelength e) The waves have same frequency and wavelength but opposite direction What is the distance between two successive antinodes of a standing wave? a) one-forth wavelength b) one-half wavelength c) one wavelength d) two wavelengths e) four wavelengths What occurs when a wave traveling along a taut string reaches a fixed end where it has been tied to a wall? a) The wave reflects back with the same amplitude, but with opposite sign. b) The wave reflects back with the same amplitude and sign. c) The wave is absorbed by the wall. d) The wave reflects back with smaller amplitude and same sign. e) The wave reflects back with larger amplitude, but with opposite sign A standing wave is set up on a taut string. Which of the following are not observed to move along the string? a) nodes b) antinodes c) nodes and antinodes d) Both nodes and antinodes can be observed moving along the string. e) Nodes and antinodes can be observed switching positions at the natural frequency of the string Which one of the following quantities is not a factor in determining the resonant frequency of a string fixed at its two ends? a) length b) mass c) tension d) acceleration due to gravity

34 PHYS1303 READING QUIZ What is the term used to describe the surfaces over which the oscillations due to a sound wave have the same value? a) rays b) wave packets c) beats d) phasors e) wave fronts For which one of the following choices does the speed of sound have the largest value? a) vacuum b) air c) copper d) alcohol e) helium Which one of the following statements concerning traveling sound waves in air is false? a) Traveling sound waves are longitudinal waves. b) Traveling sound waves consist of alternating regions of compressed and expanded air. c) A typical speed of sound in air is 680 m/s. d) The displacement amplitude of a traveling sound wave may be described by a sinusoidal function. e) The pressure amplitude is 90 out of phase relative to the displacement amplitude of a traveling sound wave The drawing shows two sets of sound waves, created by two sources labeled "A" and "B." The black half-circles represent wave crests from A, and the grey half-circles represent wave crests from B. Suppose that individual wave crests from either source A or source B alone are at +5 µm relative to the undisturbed air molecule positions. What is the displacement of the air molecules at the point marked "x" that is at the midpoint between the crests on each wave? a) +10 µm b) +5 µm c) 0 d) 5 µm e) 10 µm The drawings show standing waves of sound in six organ pipes of the same length. Each pipe has one end open and the other end closed. Some of the drawings show situations that are not possible. Which one(s) is(are) not possible? a) 4 only b) 1 and 4 c) 5 and 6 d) 2 and 3 e) 4 and 5