Electric Dipole Moments I. M.J. Ramsey-Musolf

Transcription

1 Electric Dipole Moments I M.J. Ramsey-Musolf Wisconsin-Madison NPAC Theoretical Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics & Cosmology TUM Excellence Cluster, May 2013

2 Goals Set framework for interpreting EDM searches in terms of BSM CPV Delineate physics at multiple scales that enters the EDM search interpretation Identify open problems Provide a few examples Set stage for rest of workshop

3 References EDM review: J. Engel, M. R-M, U. van Kolck, arxiv: (to appear in PPNP) Baryogenesis review: D. Morrissey, M. R-M, arxiv: , NJP 14 (2012)

4 EDMs: History

5 EDMs: New CPV? 10.5 x YbF 3.1 x SM background well below new CPV expectations New expts: 10 2 to 10 3 more sensitive CPV needed for BAU?!! E B! d = d S! d S! $ E d(# S! ) $ E! " EDM = # d S! $ E! hh T-odd, CP-odd by CPT theorem

6 EDMs: New CPV? 10.5 x YbF 3.1 x 10-29!! E B! d = d S!! E! d = d S! SM background well below new CPV expectations New expts: 10 2 to 10 3 more sensitive CPV needed for BAU? x C-Y Liu " EDM = # d! S $ (#! E ) h P-odd d S! $ E " EDM = # d(# S! ) $ E! h h T-odd, CP-odd by CPT theorem d n : x < 0.5 mm

7 Outline 1. EDM Interpretation: Multiple Scales 2. Exp t vs the Standard Model 3. Effective Operators: Classification 4. Origin of Wilson Coefficients: Examples 5. Low Scale Observables 6. Running & Matching 7. Implications & Open Problems

8 EDM Interpretation & Multiple Scales BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim? Expt

9 Baryon Asymmetry Early universe CPV EDM Interpretation & Multiple Scales BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim Collider Searches Particle spectrum; also scalars for baryon asym? Expt

10 Baryon Asymmetry Early universe CPV EDM Interpretation & Multiple Scales BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim Collider Searches Particle spectrum; also scalars for baryon asym EW Baryogenesis Quantum transport theory LHC phenomenology B Physics Dark Matter? Expt

11 EDM Interpretation & Multiple Scales Baryon Asymmetry Early universe CPV BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim Collider Searches Particle spectrum; also scalars for baryon asym? QCD Matrix Elements d n, g πnn, Expt Nuclear & atomic MEs Schiff moment, other P- & T-odd moments, e-nucleus CPV

12 Effective Operators +

13 EDM Interpretation & Multiple Scales Baryon Asymmetry Early universe CPV BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim Collider Searches Particle spectrum; also scalars for baryon asym EW Scale Operators Had Scale Operators QCD Matrix Elements d n, g πnn, Expt Nuclear & atomic MEs Schiff moment, other P- & T-odd moments, e-nucleus CPV

14 EDM Interpretation & Multiple Scales Baryon Asymmetry Early universe CPV BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim Collider Searches Particle spectrum; also scalars for baryon asym Λ BSM : new physics scale C: model-dep op coeffs EW Scale Operators Had Scale Operators SM particles only QCD evolution e, q, g, γ (no Higgs) Also QCD θ term QCD Matrix Elements d n, g πnn, Expt Nuclear & atomic MEs Schiff moment, other P- & T-odd moments, e-nucleus CPV

15 EDMs: Exp t vs Standard Model 10.5 x YbF 3.1 x SM background well below new CPV expectations New expts: 10 2 to 10 3 more sensitive CPV needed for BAU?

16 EDMs: Standard Model CKM 10.5 x YbF CKM CPV 3.1 x Penguin: ΔS = 1 s u W + " " W + K + p n K + p K + n " 1 loop vanishes ( ~ V us V us * ) 2 loop shown to vanish explicitly Khriplovich et al; McKellar Donoghue, Holstein, RM; Khriplovich et al

17 EDMs: Exp t vs Standard Model 10.5 x YbF 3.1 x SM background well below new CPV expectations New expts: 10 2 to 10 3 more sensitive CPV needed for BAU? or θ QCD

18 EDMs: Standard Model θ-term 10.5 x YbF d n & d A ( 199 Hg): 3.1 x Peccei -Quinn Sym? L θ QCD p " + " " + " n " + p n vanishes for any m q =0 bar : absorb quark field redefinition Crewther et al; van Kolck et al ; Herczeg Haxton & Henley; Engel;

19 EDMs: Peccei-Quinn & Axions I θ-term Axion Field: GB of Spont Broken U(1) PQ Chiral Anomaly: a " a + # a Axion " # " + a f a + $ a f a Observed θ ~ 0

20 EDMs: Peccei-Quinn & Axions II Dark Matter Axion " # " + a f a + $ a f a Solar Observed θ ~ 0

21 EDMs: New CPV? 10.5 x YbF 3.1 x SM background well below new CPV expectations New expts: 10 2 to 10 3 more sensitive CPV needed for BAU? Mass Scale Sensitivity " e " sinφ CP ~ 1! M > 5000 GeV " " M < 500 GeV! sinφ CP < 10-2

22 EDM Probes

23 EDMs: Complementary Searches Electron " 0 f f f " Improvements of 10 2 to 10 3 " Neutron " 0 f f f " 0 q q q g QCD Neutral Atoms N e " q " 0 q q g QCD Deuteron q " 0 q q g QCD

24 Dimension Six Operators What are they? Where do they come from? How do they appear in hadronic, nuclear, and atomic systems? How well can we match them onto physics of many-body and nonperturbative systems? What are present & prospective experimental constraints?

25 Dimension Six Operators: I What are they? Where do they come from? How do they appear in hadronic, nuclear, and atomic systems? How well can we match them onto physics of many-body and nonperturbative systems? What are present & prospective experimental constraints?

26 Operator Classification

27 Weinberg 3 gluon Operator Classification

28 Operator Classification ϕ + ϕ! υ 2 θ-term renormalization

29 Operator Classification Quark chromo-edm

30 Operator Classification Fermion EDM

31 Operator Classification

32 Operator Classification Semileptonic: atomic & molecular EDMs

33 Operator Classification Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs & Schiff moment

34 Operator Classification Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs & Schiff moment

35 Operator Classification

36 Operator Classification ϕ d L W + u R u L d R ϕ

37 Operator Classification ϕ ϕ! υ d L u L W + u R d R ϕ Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs & Schiff moment

38 Wilson Coefficients: EDM & CEDM

39 Wilson Coefficients: EDM & CEDM Chirality flipping ~ δ f, δ q appropriate for comparison with other d=6 Wilson coefficients

40 Wilson Coefficients: Summary δ f fermion EDM (3) ~ δ q quark CEDM (2) C G ~ 3 gluon (1) C quqd non-leptonic (2) C lequ, ledq semi-leptonic (3) C ϕud induced 4f (1) 12 total + θ light flavors only (e,u,d)

41 Dimension Six Operators: II What are they? Where do they come from? How do they appear in hadronic, nuclear, and atomic systems? How well can we match them onto physics of many-body and nonperturbative systems? What are present & prospective experimental constraints?

42 BSM Origins δ f MSSM, RS, LRSM 1 & 2 loop ~ δ q MSSM, RS, LRSM 1 & 2 loop C G ~ MSSM 2 loop C quqd C lequ, ledq (MSSM d=8) (MSSM d=8) C ϕud LRSM tree ( θ LR ) 11 total + θ light flavors only (u,d)

43 BSM Origins δ f ~ δ q ~ C G MSSM LRSM RS Radiatively - induced θ C quqd; C lequ, ledq d L W + ϕ u R " q " " C ϕud u L ϕ d R

44 Effective Operators & θ ind 2 12 total + θ ~ θ! θ ind / δ q, C,

45 Dimension Six Operators: III What are they? Where do they come from? How do they appear in hadronic, nuclear, and atomic systems? How well can we match them onto physics of many-body and nonperturbative systems? What are present & prospective experimental constraints?

46 Low Scale Observables Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs, Schiff moment (atomic EDMs)

47 Low Scale Observables Nucleon EDMs Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs, Schiff moment (atomic EDMs)

48 Low Scale Observables I = 0, 1, 2 PVTV πn interaction " p n " # " # " " +! Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs, Schiff moment (atomic EDMs)

49 Low Scale Observables PVTV 4N interaction Nonleptonic: hadronic EDMs, Schiff moment (atomic EDMs)

50 Low Scale Observables Nuclear Moments P T P T P T P T C J T M J T E J E O O E O E EDM, Schiff MQM. Anapole

51 Low Scale Observables Nuclear Moments C J T M J P T P T P T P T E O O E EDM, Schiff MQM. Nuclear Enhancements T E J O E Anapole

52 Nuclear Schiff Moment I Schiff Screening Nuclear Schiff Moment Nuclear EDM: Screened in atoms Atomic effect from nuclear finite size: Schiff moment EDMs of diamagnetic atoms ( 199 Hg ) " +!

53 Nuclear Schiff Moment II Schiff Screening Atomic effect from nuclear finite size: Schiff moment Screened EDM Schiff moment, MQM, EDMs of diamagnetic atoms ( 199 Hg )

54 Nuclear Schiff Moment III Nuclear Enhancements Schiff moment, MQM, Nuclear polarization: mixing of opposite parity states by H TVPV ~ 1 / ΔE EDMs of diamagnetic atoms ( 199 Hg )

55 Nuclear Enhancements: Octupole Deformation Nuclear Schiff Moment IV Opposite parity states mixed by H TVPV Nuclear polarization: mixing of opposite parity states by H TVPV ~ 1 / ΔE EDMs of diamagnetic atoms ( 199 Hg ) Thanks: J. Engel

56 Nuclear Matrix Elements J. Engel, U. van Kolck, MRM

57 Semileptonic CPV EDMs of atoms & molecules (Tl, YbF ) N e " N e "

58 EDMs: Complementary Searches Electron " 0 f f f " Improvements of 10 2 to 10 3 " Neutron " 0 f f f " 0 q q q g QCD Neutral Atoms N e " q " 0 q q g QCD Deuteron q " 0 q q g QCD

59 Dimension Six Operators: IV What are they? Where do they come from? How do they appear in hadronic, nuclear, and atomic systems? How well can we match them onto physics of many-body and nonperturbative systems? What are present & prospective experimental constraints?

60 Baryon Asymmetry Early universe CPV Running & Matching BSM CPV SUSY, GUTs, Extra Dim Collider Searches Particle spectrum; also scalars for baryon asym Λ BSM : new physics scale C: model-dep op coeffs EW Scale Operators Had Scale Operators SM particles only QCD evolution e, q, g, γ (no Higgs) Also QCD θ term QCD Matrix Elements d n, g πnn, Expt Nuclear & atomic MEs Schiff moment, other P- & T-odd moments, e-nucleus CPV

61 Running & Matching Im C j (Λ χ ) = K jk Im C k (Λ ) 3.30

62 Running & Matching Hadronic How well can we compute the β, ρ, ζ,...?

63 Running & Matching Nuclear Nuclear many-body computations Non-perturbative hadronic computations

64 Running & Matching Atomic & Molecular

65 Running & Matching Atomic & Molecular

66 Running & Matching Atomic & Molecular Hadronic coefficients, including form factors g Γ

67 Running & Matching Atomic & Molecular Atomic / molecular coefficients

68 Running & Matching Atomic & Molecular Atomic / molecular coefficients (-) Paramag * : δ e, Im C eq ( k s 0 ) Diamag ** (3) : S, Im C lequ ( k T ) * Tl, Cs, YbF ** Hg, Ra, Rn

69 Matching: χ Sym & Other Methods θ term

70 Matching: χ Sym & Other Methods CEDM

71 Hadronic Matrix Elements J. Engel, U. van Kolck, MRM

72 Nuclear Matrix Elements J. Engel, U. van Kolck, MRM

73 Dimension Six Operators: V What are they? Where do they come from? How do they appear in hadronic, nuclear, and atomic systems? How well can we match them onto physics of many-body and nonperturbative systems? What are present & prospective experimental constraints?

74 Generic Implications 10.5 x YbF 3.1 x Mass Scale & φ CP Sensitivity " e " sinφ CP ~ 1! M > 5000 GeV " " M < 500 GeV! sinφ CP < 10-2

75 Analysis Strategies Work within a given BSM scenario: constraints on φ CPV, M, Model-independent analysis: constraints on Wilson coefficients

76 MSSM Global Analysis

77 MSSM Global Analysis φ j = arg (µm j b * ) φ A = arg (A f M j ) Dominant operators: EDM, CEDM No theory error (QCD SR) Includes full 2-loop (Li, Profumo, R-M) Li, Profumo, R-M 10

78 MSSM Global Analysis φ j = arg (µm j b * ) φ A = arg (A f M j ) Correlated Constraints Li, Profumo, R-M 10 Present Present: 199 Hg impact

79 MSSM Global Analysis φ j = arg (µm j b * ) φ A = arg (A f M j ) Correlated Constraints Li, Profumo, R-M 10 Present Future d n : 100 x present sensitivity

80 Baryogenesis Implications MSSM: φ 1 only Gaugino sources Sfermon (stop) sources Cirigliano, Li, Profumo, R-M 10 Kocaczuk, Wainwright, Profumo, R-M 12

81 AMO Global Analysis Atomic & Molecular Atomic / molecular coefficients (-) Paramag * : δ e, Im C eq ( k s 0 ) Diamag ** (3) : S, Im C lequ ( k T ) * Tl, Cs, YbF ** Hg, Ra, Rn

82 AMO Global Analysis Jung 13 Dominant operators: e EDM, C (0) S ~ Im C eq Includes 199 Hg w/ C (0) S no Schiff moment! Tl & YbF only: d e < 0.89 x e cm (-)

83 Global Analysis: Hadronic p n " # " # "

84 Global Analysis: Hadronic p n " # " # " δ q, δ ~ q, θ, ~ ~ δ q, θ, C ϕud, δ q, Need multiple hadronic systems to disentangle

85 Open Problems How many complementary EDM searches needed What is robust theory error at hadronic, nuclear, and AMO levels?

86 Summary BSM CPV at d=6 provides a bridge between lowscale EDM physics (atomic, nuclear, hadronic) and high scale BSM physics and cosmology Challenging interpretation problem requiring refinements of non-perturbative and many-body computations Additional, complementary EDM searches needed to provide comprehensive probe of possible flavor diagonal CPV that may be living at the multi-tev scale