Honors Physics Final Exam Review. Symbol Units Units (if applicable)

Transcription

1 Honors Physics Final Exam Review Name: Date: Write the symbol and the SI units for each of the following: Symbol Units Units (if applicable) 1) Time 2) Distance 3) Speed 4) Displacement 5) Velocity 6) Acceleration 7) Force 8) Acceleration due to gravity 9) Energy 10) Work 11) Impulse 12) Momentum 13) Spring Constant 14) Mass 15) Coefficient of kinetic friction 16) Coefficient of static friction

2 Describe or define the following terms in your own words: 17) Normal Force 18) Tension 19) Centripetal Force 20) Acceleration due to gravity (Earth) 21) Kinetic Friction 22)Kinetic Energy 23) Static Friction 24) Elastic Potential Energy 25) How are distance and displacement different? 26) How are speed and velocity different? 27) How are 'gravity' and 'the acceleration due to gravity' different?

3 Write the mathematical formulas for the following: 28) K1: 29) K2: 30) K3: 31) Average speed: 32) Acceleration: 33) Static Friction: 34) Kinetic Friction: 35) Newton's 2 nd Law: 36) Centripetal Acceleration 37) Kinetic Energy: 38) Potential Energy: 39) Elastic Potential Energy: 40) Momentum: 41) Impulse: 42) Impulse: 43) Work: 44) Work: 45) Weight: 46) Universal (Newton's Law of) Gravitation: 47) Normal Force on an incline: 48) Component of weight down an incline:

4 Attempt the following without a calculator: 49) 4.31 x 10 = 50) 7 x 8 = 51) 6 x 12 = 52) 212, 643 x 1 = 53) 11 x 12 = 54) 8 x f = 55) 8y 2 * (-72) = 0; y = 56) y = 13; y = Find the area of the following shapes: 57) 58) 8 m 15 m 59) 60) 6 m 9 m 10 m 61) Describe how you find the volume of a cylinder. 62) Describe how you find the volume of a rectangular prism. 63) Describe how you find the volume of a triangular prism. 64) Describe how you find the volume of a sphere.

5 65) 66) 67) 68) Solve for x. 69) Solve for x 70) Solve for x 71) Solve for x 72) Solve for x 73) sin A = 74) cos A = 75) sin B = 76) cos B = 77) Tan A = 78) Tan B = 79) Nine more than a number is doubled. The result is -8. What is the number? Equation set up: Answer: 80) In two years Susie will be twice as old as she was five years ago. How old is Susie today? Equation set up: Answer: 81) Two kids get an allowance totaling $138. One kid gets $42 more than the other kid. How much money did the child who got less receive? Equation set up: Answer:

6 82) What are the two distinctive properties of vectors? 1) 2) 83) A vector is defined by its location? TRUE or FALSE 84) When adding vectors graphically they should be added to. 85) Draw the resultant of the following vectors. 86) 87) 88) What are the magnitude and direction of the following vector? Magnitude: 71 m Direction: 89) What are the magnitude and direction of the following vector? 30 Magnitude: 91 m Direction: 90) What are the components of the following vector? 57 m X: 91) What are the components of the following vector? Y: 70 X: 100 m Y:

7 92) Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant to within 3 decimal places. 7 m 24 m Magnitude: Direction: 93) At its highest point a projectile has a vertical (y component) velocity of. _ (94-96) A boat has a velocity of 15 m/s in still water. If it is aimed directly across a 200 m river which has a current of 5 m/s 94) How long does it take the boat to cross the river? 95) How far down stream from where the boat is aimed will it land? 96) What is the net speed of the boat? (no direction needed). 97) What is the angle that the boat moves across the river relative to a line from where it started to a point directly across the river. 98) What distance does the boat actually travel?

8 (99-103) A cannon fires a cannonball at 230 m/s at an angle of 20 degrees off the ground. 99) What is the cannonball's initial horizontal velocity? 100) What is the cannonball's initial vertical velocity? 101) How long does it take to reach its highest point? 102) How long is the shot in the air (assume it is fired on level ground)? 103) How far from the base of the cannon does the shot land? 104) A car drives at an average speed of 30 m/s for 2 minutes. How far does the car move (in m)? 105) Your parents make you go to Thanksgiving dinner at your grandparents house which is 240 miles away. You drive out there at an average speed of 50 miles per hour for 2.5 hours. How fast do you need to drive to make it on time if you are supposed to be there 4 hours after you left? 106) If a car can accelerate to a speed of 45 m/s in 5 s. What is its average acceleration? 107) A car is capable of accelerating at 9 m/s2. If it starts from rest how fast will it be moving after 4 s? 108) A rock is dropped in a well. If it reaches the water after 5 s how deep is the well?

9 ( ) When polar bears are in love they are capable of running towards a potential mate at 9 m/s. If they realize that they are not running towards a mate, but instead are running at an attractive piece of ice they can slow down at -1.5 m/s 2 on the ice. 109) How fast will a polar bear in love be travelling if they have been slowing down for 5 s, after running at full speed? 110) How far will the polar bear in part A have gone in those 5 s? 111) What is the speed of a polar bear after it has stopped? 112) How long does it take a full speed polar bear to stop? 113) A ball is thrown upward at 25 m/s from the top of a 200 m tall building. What is the velocity (be precise) of the ball just before it hits the ground? Draw a Free body diagram for the following situations 114) A penguin sitting on an ice sheet 115) A rock falling down a well 116) A sled being pulled to the right 117) One of Mr. Baden's Great Gatsby action by a rope at a 50 angle figures hanging from the ceiling by a streamer.

10 119) A 100 kg box is sliding down an incline at a constant speed of 0.5 m/s. The incline angle is 25⁰from the horizontal. Draw a free body diagram and calculate the magnitude of the normal force. ( ) You push a 325N trunk up a 20⁰inclined plane at a constant velocityby exerting a 211N force parallel to the plane s surface. 120) What is the component of the trunk s weight parallel to the plane? 121) What is the sum of all the forces parallel to the planes surface? 122) What is the magnitude and direction of the friction force? 123) What is the coefficent of kinetic friction in this situation? 124) A 30 kg brick is laying on a table, not moving. What is the magnitude of the normal force? 125) A 37 kg wooden crate is sliding across a wood floor. If μ=0.20 How much frictional force does the crate experience?

11 126) When do you label Centripetal Force on a Free Body Diagram? 127) Find the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration when a dog chases its tail at 4 m/s in a circle of radius 0.3 m. 128) If 30 N of force are required to maintain motion in a circle of radius 2 m, at 6 m/s; then the mass of the object undergoing this motion is: 129) In order to support a 0.2 kg weight, hanging vertically from a string a rubber stopper is twirled, horizontally, through a tube, with a radius of 1 m. If the mass of the rubber stopper is kg then how many revolutions per minute must the stopper make? 130) What is the acceleration due to gravity of a planet which has a mass of 2.4 * kg and a radius of 3.7 * m? 131) g = 132) G = 133) Other than their numbers, how are G and g different. (Answer in complete sentences, describing what each represents). 134) What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between an electron and a proton (Look up their masses) which are 1.2 * m apart? 135) In order to orbit 7 * m above the center of the earth a 13,000 kg satellite will need to have an orbital speed of m/s.

12 136) Draw the correct Free Body Diagram for the second to last car of the roller coaster shown below. 137) What has to be true for a roller coaster car to just barely get through a vertical loop-the-loop? (Answer in complete sentences). 138) What is true of an object in rotational equilibrium? You are given a 3 m long lever and a Force machine capable of producing 200 N of force. 139) What is the least torque these tools can produce? 140) What is the most torque that these tools can produce? 141) Draw pictures to show how to achieve the most and least torques. MOST LEAST 142) Find the mass of the star Assume the bars 2 m 2 m have 0 mass. 7 kg 2 m 0.5 m

13 143) How much kinetic energy does a 4 kg cat have when it is running at a speed of 12 m/s? 144) How much potential energy does a 2 kg hawk have when flying at an altitude of 150 m? 145) What is the spring constant of a spring which stores 1300 J of energy when it is compressed m? 146) How much work is done by a 30 N force when it pulls a 5 kg object 17 m? 147) 35 J of work are done in 5 s. How much power was used in this act? Inspector Gadget is on top of a 20 m tall building. He has a mass of 100 kg and he is preparing to step off the edge of the roof to catch Dr. Claw. 148) How much gravitational potential energy does I.G. Have when on top of the building? 149) How fast will he be falling when he hits the ground? 150) If his spring shoes have a coefficient of elasticity of 2800 N/m how far will the springs compress when he lands? 151) How fast is I.G. Falling when he is 5 m above the ground?

14 152) A 27 N force pushes a toy tractor along at 20 m/s. How much power does this take? 153) In the graph above how much work is done over the first 4 m? 154)In the graph above how much does the kinetic energy change over the first 8 m? 155) In the graph above, the force is applied to a 3 kg object. What is the change in the object's velocity over the first 10 m? 156) How much momentum does a 22 kg turtle have when it crawls along at 0.4 m/s? 157) 1) How much momentum does a 75 kg fullback have when chasing a fullback at 5 m/s? 158) A 70 kg astronaut is floating motionless in space. To propel himself backwards he tosses a medicine ball of mass 5 kg forward at a speed of 7 m/s. What is the speed of the astronaut?

15 159) An engine glides along the tracks ar 12 m/s. The engine has a mass of 10,000 kg. It hits a stationary, 8,000 kg, box car and they couple together. Find the final speed of the coupled cars? 160) A 1200 kg Ford F-150 is driving along at 25 m/s. How much force will need to be applied over a three second time interval in order to stop the truck? 161) A 0.05 kg chunk of Silly Putty experiences an impulse of 350 Ns. What is the change in the Silly Putty s velocity? 162) What is the change in momentum of the object who experiences the force shown below?