Unit 2 : Energy and Momentum
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1 Unit 2 : Energy and Momentum Lesson Content Introduction to Energy and Momentum - goal is to be able to tell the difference between energy and momentum how to calculate each quantity Feb 27 12:57 AM 1
2 Recall from Grade 11 Energy is the capacity to do work Work : the energy transferred to an object by an applied force over a measured distance. Jan 22 10:14 AM 2
3 Momentum Momentum is a property of the mass and velocity of an object Characteristics of Momentum: Jan 22 10:14 AM 3
![1. What is the magnitude of the momentum of the following three objects all moving at the same velocity of 5.00 m/s [N]? i. shotput mass = 7.26kg ii. hockey puck mass = 160 grams iii.](/docs-images/95/123924206/images/4-0.jpg "ping pong ball mass = 2.70 grams 1b. How fast would the hockey puck and the ping pong ball have to be travelling to have the same momentum as the shotput moving at 5.00 m/s [N]?")
4 1. What is the magnitude of the momentum of the following three objects all moving at the same velocity of 5.00 m/s [N]? i. shotput mass = 7.26kg ii. hockey puck mass = 160 grams iii. ping pong ball mass = 2.70 grams 1b. How fast would the hockey puck and the ping pong ball have to be travelling to have the same momentum as the shotput moving at 5.00 m/s [N]? Mar 4 11:30 AM 4
5 Impulse Impulse is defined as the change in momentum: How does impulse (change in momentum) relate to net force? Jan 22 10:14 AM 5
6 2a. What is the impulse given to a golf ball by a club if they are in contact for 5.0x10 3 secs and the average force on the ball is 500N[forward]? 2b. What will the speed of the ball be if the mass is 46 grams (assuming the ball starts at velocity = 0m/s)? 3. What is the impulse given a golf ball (46 grams) if the initial velocity is 0 m/s and the final velocity is 65 m/s [forward]. Mar 4 12:56 PM 6
7 Calculating Impulse When Force is not Constant Case 1 : Force is changing linearly. Example (from handout) Force increases linearly from 40N to 65N in 2 seconds. Find the impulse. Jan 22 10:14 AM 7
8 Case 2 : Force is changing non linearly. Example (from handout) Force increases from zero to a maximum of 60N and then decreases back to zero in six seconds. Find the impulse. Jan 22 10:14 AM 8
9 Conservation of Momentum If no external forces are applied to a closed system, the total momentum remains constant. Jan 22 10:14 AM 9
10 Collision Cart Examples: Example 1 : 1 Object Mar 10 2:47 PM 10
11 Example 2 : Two Objects join together after collision Mar 10 2:47 PM 11
12 Example 3 : 2 Objects Bounce off each Other Mar 10 2:47 PM 12
13 Example 4 : 2 Objects Light hits Heavy Mar 10 2:47 PM 13
14 Thrust Thrust is a concept using Newton's 2nd & 3rd Laws in conjunction with Conservation of Momentum. Jan 22 10:14 AM 14
15 6. An experimental rocket sled on a level frictionless track has a mass of 1.4x10 4 kg. For propulsion, it expels gases from its rocket engines at a rate of 10 kg/s and at an exhaust speed of 2.5x10 4 m/s relative to the rocket. For how many seconds must the engines burn in order that the sled acquire a velocity of 50 m/s starting from rest? (You may ignore the small decrease in mass of the sled and the small speed of the rocket compared to the exhaust gas). Mar 13 7:43 AM 15
16 Elastic vs Inelastic Collisions Collisions Mar 30 10:01 AM 16
17 Apr 7 1:38 PM 17
18 Practice Problem #1 An air track glider of mass kg, moving at 1.0 m/s collides elastically with another glider of mass kg, which is initially at rest. What are the velocities of each glider after the collision? Practice Problem #2 An 20.0 kg red curling rock is travelling at 2.3 m/s [E] when it collides headon elastically with the opponent s yellow rock of the same mass. What is the velocity of both rocks after the collision? Apr 1 7:34 AM 18
19 19
20 May 23 9:59 PM 20
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