Distance and displacement
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- Meryl Austin
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1 In motion unit 3
2
3 Distance and displacement Distance What is it? - Total distance travelled Example: Imagine dropping a distance marker (cookie) every step you took today, the total number of cookies is the distance travelled Type of Unit: Distance is a scalar quantity Displacement What is it? the object s change in position from its final position to its starting place. Example: Closest distance from final position to starting position. How is it written? Can be written as Δd for change in position Δd = d f d i for final subtract initial Type of Unit: Displacement is a vector quantity
4 Distance Displacement
5 Distance Displacement Example question: Example question: Total steps: 1.5 to 4 = 2.5m Has no direction! Δd = df di = 2.5m [Right] Has a direction because it is a vector!
6 Distance Displacement Example question: Example question: Total steps from 4 to -1 Which is 3 steps or 3m Has no direction! Δd = df di -1 (-4) = = +3m [Right] Has a direction because it is a vector!
7 The tricky part
8 REMEMBER THIS ONE!
9 Displacement-time graphs What is it? ushows the relationship between displacement and time. ux axis time uy axis displacement
10 Displacement time graph So what does it mean to have different shapes?
11 Displacement-time graphs Example:
12 Displacement-time graphs Example: 50 m 100m 75m
13 Displacement time graph How do we get these curves? The displacement is increasing, King Kong is moving away from the origin at a STEADY pace Displacement is negative, so King Kong is moving back towards the origin. Flat line means that there is NO displacement or no movements.
14
15
![number, units and direction such as [Right] or [N] or [UP] Example](/docs-images/95/123243021/images/16-4.jpg "units: Displacement: 25km [West] Velocity: 100km/hr [North] Force:")
16 Scalar vs vector Scalar Has no direction, just number and units Example units: Distance: 25km Mass: 150lbs Speed: 25m/s Vector Has number, units and direction such as [Right] or [N] or [UP] Example units: Displacement: 25km [West] Velocity: 100km/hr [North] Force: 50N [Right]
![at 10m/s The car is going 50km/hr [North] The puck](/docs-images/95/123243021/images/17-4.jpg "weighed 6.")
17 Scalar vs vector Scalar Examples using the concept: Vector Examples using the concept: The dog was running at 10m/s The car is going 50km/hr [North] The puck weighed 6.0oz Mike Tyson s punch had 50 N of force to the [Right]
18 Word Symbol Scalar/Vector Units Distance d Scalar metres Displacement Δd Vector metres Velocity ΔV Vector m/s Time T scalar s Speed V Scalar m/s
19 Velocity What is it? Velocity is the rate of change in distance over time. Basically, it is how much distance is covered over a period of time Formula: Velocity units: m/s (metres per second) Km/hr (km per hr) Or any distance divided by time
20 Velocity Example question type 1: A car travelled 30km [North] in 5 hour. How fast was the car going? Given: d = 30km t = 5 hr V=? Work: Formula: V = d/t
21 Velocity Example question type 2: What is the distance covered by a dog when running at a velocity of 15m/s for 600s? Given: d = t = 600s V= 15m/s Work: Formula: V = d/t
22 Velocity Example question type 3: How much time will it take to travel 10km when going 60km/hr? Given: d = 10km t =? V= 60km/hr Work: Formula: V = d/t
23 Velocity Time graphs Graphs showing the relationship between velocity and time Zero velocity v-t graph Constant velocity v-t graph Constant velocity opposite direction on a v- t graph
24 Velocity Time graphs Graphs showing the relationship between velocity and time Acceleration on v-t graph Fast acceleration on a v-t graph
25
26 Acceleration What is it? Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity over time. Basically, it is how much velocity is increasing over a period of time Formula: Acceleration units: m/s 2 (metres per second squared ) Km/hr 2 (km per hr) Or any distance divided by time time (hence squared)
27 Acceleration Example question type 1: A car accelerates from 0 m/s to 60m/s in 50s. What is the acceleration? Given: A =? V = 60 0 = 60m/s T = 50s Work: Formula: A = v/t
28 Acceleration Example question type 2: A rocket accelerates 100m/s 2 over 20s. What is the velocity after the 20s? Given: A = 100m/s 2 V =? T = 20s Work: Formula: A = v/t
29 Acceleration Example question type 3 (2 steps): A baseball travelled a distance over 20m in 1.2seconds to reach to the home plate. Calculate the acceleration of the baseball in the 1.2 seconds. Given: D = T = V =? a = 20s Work: Formula: V = d/t A = v/t
30 How do we convert m/s to km/hr?
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