Quantum control of proximal spins using nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging

Transcription

1 Quantum control of proximal spins using nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging M. S. Grinolds, P. Maletinsky, S. Hong, M. D. Lukin, R. L. Walsworth and A. Yacoby Nature Physics vol 7 (5) pp.1-6, 2011 DOI: /NPHYS1999 FMM 11/6/10 by Daniel Biesinger

2 Contents Introduction Setup and experimental methods MRI in the third dimension MRI and individual quantum control Summary & Outlook

3 Introduction Nitrogen-vacancy center is one possible point defect in a diamond lattice One C atom replaced by N and another C atom is missing One can distinguish NV 0 and NV - centers, NV usually refers to NV -

4 Introduction Nitrogen-vacancy center is one possible point defect in a diamond lattice One C atom replaced by N and another C atom is missing One can distinguish NV 0 and NV - centers, NV usually refers to NV -

5 Introduction Nitrogen-vacancy center is one possible point defect in a diamond lattice One C atom replaced by N and another C atom is missing One can distinguish NV 0 and NV - centers, NV usually refers to NV - triplet singlet m s = ±1 m s =0 3 E meta stabile 1 A m s = ±1 m s =0 3 A 2.88GHz

6 Introduction Nitrogen-vacancy center is one possible point defect in a diamond lattice One C atom replaced by N and another C atom is missing One can distinguish NV 0 and NV - centers, NV usually refers to NV - triplet singlet m s = ±1 m s =0 3 E meta stabile excitation relaxation 1 A m s = ±1 m s =0 3 A 2.88GHz

7 Introduction

8 Introduction 15 N ions are implanted into a ultra pure diamond 6keV energy - nominal penetration depth ~10nm (+/- 2nm) NV centers form after annealing in 750 C Expected density of one NV center every nm in the layer Small clusters of NV centers were obtained by etching technologies Resulting nanostructures were/are nm across

9 Setup and experimental methods

10 Setup and experimental methods Ordinary ESR/fluorescence B = const and uniform Radio-frequency swept fluorescence rate measured dip appears if resonance is hit

11 Setup and experimental methods Ordinary ESR/fluorescence B = const and uniform Radio-frequency swept fluorescence rate measured dip appears if resonance is hit B gradient caused by mag. tip Radio-frequency = const. fluorescence rate measured tip is scanned over the surface dip appears if resonance is hit

12 Setup and experimental methods Ordinary ESR/fluorescence B = const and uniform Radio-frequency swept fluorescence rate measured dip appears if resonance is hit B gradient caused by mag. tip Radio-frequency = const. fluorescence rate measured tip is scanned over the surface dip appears if resonance is hit resonance is function of tip position

13 Setup and experimental methods B gradient caused by mag. tip Radio-frequency = const. fluorescence rate measured tip is scanned over the surface dip appears if resonance is hit resonance is function of tip position

14 Setup and experimental methods XYZi = Piezo scanners DM = Dichronic mirror (separator) PH = pinhole (confocal) LP = longpass filter APD = avalanche photo diode

15 MRI in the third dimension

16 MRI in the third dimension relative location determined 50-70nm distance spatial resolution ~ 9nm precision of 0.2nm

17 MRI in the third dimension relative location determined 50-70nm distance spatial resolution ~ 9nm precision of 0.2nm rel. depth can be determined vary tip position NVI 15nm below NVII and III NVII and NVIII 3nm apart

18 MRI and individual quantum control

19 MRI and individual quantum control tip pulled far away from sample NVs (135nm apart) can not be resolved ms=0 to ms=1 transition observed in ESR spectrum Rabi-Oscillations and Ramsey-fringes observed for respective pulses

20 MRI and individual quantum control

21 MRI and individual quantum control

22 MRI and individual quantum control applied two dif. RF pulses induced Rabi-Oscil. in NV IV ESR spectrum of NV V mean fluorescence subst. data independent of row/ column number individual spin control

23 Summary & Outlook

24 Summary & Outlook scanning magnetic field gradient realized NV centers detected with few-nanometer resoulution determined depth - MRI individual spin control was demonstrated

25 Summary & Outlook scanning magnetic field gradient realized NV centers detected with few-nanometer resoulution determined depth - MRI individual spin control was demonstrated complete control of the quantum state of a spin ensemble possible

26 Summary & Outlook scanning magnetic field gradient realized NV centers detected with few-nanometer resoulution determined depth - MRI individual spin control was demonstrated complete control of the quantum state of a spin ensemble possible entanglement is possible as long as T2 * > 28µs

27 Summary & Outlook scanning magnetic field gradient realized NV centers detected with few-nanometer resoulution determined depth - MRI individual spin control was demonstrated complete control of the quantum state of a spin ensemble possible entanglement is possible as long as T2 * > 28µs potential for nanoscale magnetometers and

28 Summary & Outlook scanning magnetic field gradient realized NV centers detected with few-nanometer resoulution determined depth - MRI individual spin control was demonstrated complete control of the quantum state of a spin ensemble possible entanglement is possible as long as T2 * > 28µs potential for nanoscale magnetometers and quantum information processors