Patterns Physics. 5. What factors do YOU think increase the friction between two objects? (try to list 3) a. b. c.
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1 Friction Lab Patterns Physics Name Period Pre-Lab Questions In this activity, we will investigate the factors that impact friction on an object. 1. What is the difference between mass and weight (reference definitions from the notes)? 2. What causes an object s mass to vary? 3. What causes an object s weight to vary? 4. What is YOUR definition of Friction? 5. What factors do YOU think increase the friction between two objects? (try to list 3) a. b. c. Friction Lab Definition of Friction Force: INVESTIGATION about what impacts Friction Forces In this investigation, we will investigate how WEIGHT and SURFACE impact the friction force between two surfaces. MY two surfaces that are interacting: and. Procedure 1. Put a mass in your bin and close the lid. 2. Hook a spring scale to the edge of your bin, and measure the total weight of the bin (in Newtons) 3. Place your bin on the floor. 4. Hook spring scale on the edge of the bin. a. Make sure the Newtons side is facing up. 5. Pull HORIZONTALLY on the spring scale until the bin moves, then pull just enough to keep it moving at a constant velocity. a. WHY IS A CONSTANT VELOCITY IMPORTANT? 6. Read the the force from the spring scale. a. Complete three trials for each weight. 7. Add another mass, and repeat steps 1-6
2 Diagram of Apparatus Mass added to Bin (g) Weight of Bin (N) (+/- ) Friction Force (N) (+/- ) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average Friction Force (N) (+/- ) Range of Friction Forces ( ) Uncert. Of Average Friction Force ( ) Graph your data. X-axis: Weight of Bin (N), Y-axis: Average Friction Force (N) Create your graph on Desmos, and then sketch your results below, including all labels, etc. Write the science equation next to the graph.
3 Friction Post-Lab Patterns Physics Name Period Board Meeting Pre-Discussion Questions: 1. What are the variables and units for the x and y axis? 2. Do all of the boards have the same scaling (do we need to hide any)? 3. Do you see any outliers in any graph? What could explain them? If you don t see any, why not? 4. Compare the average values of the slopes: a. Sandy carpet on Floor: b. Green carpet on Floor: c. Plastic bin bottom on Floor: 5. If you were to rearrange the graphs, what order would you use? Why? 6. What might explain the difference in the slopes? 7. What does the steepness of the slope tell us about the friction between the two surfaces? Class Discussion Questions: 1. Why is it important to pull at a constant velocity when collecting data? 2. What are the units of the slope? 3. For your lab: a. Write the science equation for the line of best fit. b. Write the generic science equation for the relationship between the variables. 4. What are some ways that you could increase or decrease friction? a. How could you do this WITHOUT changing the weight or the surfaces that are interacting? b. Write a generic equation for friction force that takes into account your answer to question 4a.
4 Static Friction (conceptually) 5. When pulling your bin across the table or floor, was the force you needed to apply to start the bin moving greater than, less than, or the same as the force needed to keep the box moving? How do you know (what did you observe)? You may also need to consider your experience with Pushy Joe to answer this question. 6. A 24 kg crate is in motion. A horizontal force of 53 N keeps the crate moving with a constant velocity. Find the coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the floor. 7. A museum curator pushes horizontally on artifacts to move them into a place on various different display surface. Use Table 2 Coefficients of Friction to complete the calculations in parts A-C
5 A. Moving a 145 kg aluminum sculpture across a horizontal steel platform. Calculate the weight of the aluminum sculpture. Calculate the friction force between the aluminum sculpture and the steel platform. B. Pulling a 15 kg steel sword across a horizontal steel shield Calculate the weight of the steel sword. Calculate the friction force between the steel sword and the steel shield.
6 C. Sliding a 0.55 kg glass amulet on a horizontal glass display case. Calculate the weight of the glass amulet. Calculate the friction force between the glass amulet and the steel glass display case.
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