TLV431A, TLV431B, TLV431C, SCV431B, NCV431 Low Voltage Precision Adjustable Shunt Regulator

Transcription

1 TL431A, TL431B, TL431C, SC431B, NC431 Low oltage Precision Adjustable Shunt Regulator The TL431A, B and C series are precision low voltage shunt regulators that are programmable over a wide voltage range of 1.24 to 16. The TL431A series features a guaranteed reference accuracy of ±1.% at 25 C and ±2.% over the entire industrial temperature range of 4 C to 85 C. The TL431B series features higher reference accuracy of ±.5% and ±1.% respectively. For the TL431C series, the accuracy is even higher. It is ±.2% and ±1.% respectively. These devices exhibit a sharp low current turnon characteristic with a low dynamic impedance of.2 over an operating current range of 1 to 2 ma. This combination of features makes this series an excellent replacement for zener diodes in numerous applications circuits that require a precise reference voltage. When combined with an optocoupler, the TL431A/B/C can be used as an error amplifier for controlling the feedback loop in isolated low output voltage (3. to 3.3 ) switching power supplies. These devices are available in economical TO923 and micro size TSOP5 and SOT233 packages. Features Programmable Output oltage Range of 1.24 to 16 oltage Reference Tolerance ±1.% for A Series, ±.5% for B Series and ±.2% for C Series Sharp Low Current TurnOn Characteristic Low Dynamic Output Impedance of.2 from 1 to 2 ma Wide Operating Current Range of 5 to 2 ma Micro Miniature TSOP5, SOT233 and TO923 Packages These are PbFree and HalideFree Devices SC and NC Prefix for Automotive and Other Applications Requiring Unique Site and Control Change Requirements; AECQ1 Qualified and PPAP Capable Applications Low Output oltage (3. to 3.3 ) Switching Power Supply Error Amplifier Adjustable oltage or Current Linear and Switching Power Supplies oltage Monitoring Current Source and Sink Circuits Analog and Digital Circuits Requiring Precision References Low oltage Zener Diode Replacements TO92 LP SUFFIX CASE STRAIGHT LEAD BENT LEAD BULK PACK TAPE & REEL AMMO PACK TSOP5 SN SUFFIX CASE 483 SOT233 SN1 SUFFIX CASE 318 ORDERING INFORMATION See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 13 of this data sheet. DEICE MARKING INFORMATION AND PIN CONNECTIONS See general marking information in the device marking section on page 12 of this data sheet. Reference (R) + - Cathode (K) 1.24 ref Anode (A) Figure 1. Representative Block Diagram Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 215 January, 215 Rev Publication Order Number: TL431A/D

2 Cathode (K) Cathode (K) Reference (R) Reference (R) Anode (A) Device Symbol Anode (A) The device contains 13 active transistors. Figure 2. Representative Device Symbol and Schematic Diagram MAXIMUM RATINGS (Full operating ambient temperature range applies, unless otherwise noted) Rating Symbol alue Unit Cathode to Anode oltage KA 18 Cathode Current Range, Continuous I K 2 to 25 ma Reference Current Range, Continuous I ref.5 to 1 ma Thermal Characteristics LP Suffix Package, TO923 Package Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAmbient Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoCase SN Suffix Package, TSOP5 Package Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAmbient SN1 Suffix Package, SOT233 Package Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAmbient R JA R JC R JA R JA C/W Operating Junction Temperature T J 15 C Operating Ambient Temperature Range TL431x NC431, SC431B T A 4 to 85 4 to 125 C Storage Temperature Range T stg 65 to 15 C Stresses exceeding those listed in the Maximum Ratings table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. NOTE: This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests: Human Body Model 2 per JEDEC JESD22A114F, Machine Model Method 2 per JEDEC JESD22A115C, Charged Device Method 5 per JEDEC JESD22C11E. This device contains latchup protection and exceeds ±1 ma per JEDEC standard JESD78. T T J(max) A P D R JA RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Condition Symbol Min Max Unit Cathode to Anode oltage KA ref 16 Cathode Current I K.1 2 ma Functional operation above the stresses listed in the Recommended Operating Ranges is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses beyond the Recommended Operating Ranges limits may affect device reliability. 2

3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ( unless otherwise noted) Characteristic Reference oltage (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, ) (T A = T low to T high, Note 1) Reference oltage Deviation Over Temperature (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, T A = T low to T high, Notes 1, 2, 3) Symbol ref TL431A TL431B Min Typ Max Min Typ Max ref Unit m Ration of Reference oltage Change to Cathode oltage Change (Figure 4) ( KA = ref to 16, I K = 1 ma) Reference Terminal Current (Figure 4) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open) Reference Current Deviation Over Temperature (Figure 4) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open, Notes 1, 2, 3) ref KA I ref I ref m Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation (Figure 3) I K(min ) OffState Cathode Current (Figure 5) ( KA = 6., ref = ) ( KA = 16, ref = ) I K(off) Dynamic Impedance (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K =.1 ma to 2 ma, f 1. khz, Note 4) Z KA Ambient temperature range: T low = 4 C, T high = 85 C. 2. Guaranteed but not tested. 3. The deviation parameters ref and I ref are defined as the difference between the maximum value and minimum value obtained over the full operating ambient temperature range that applied. ref Max ref = ref Max ref Min ref Min T A = T 2 T 1 T 1 Ambient Temperature T 2 The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, ref is defined as: 16 ( ref ) α ref ppm (T 25 C) ref A C T A ref can be positive or negative depending on whether ref Min or ref Max occurs at the lower ambient temperature, refer to Figure 8. Example: ref = 7.2 m and the slope is positive, Example: 25 C = Example: T A = 125 C 4. The dynamic impedance Z KA is defined as: α ref ppm C 125 Z KA KA I K ppm C When the device is operating with two external resistors, and, (refer to Figure 4) the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: Z KA Z KA 1 3

4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ( unless otherwise noted) Reference oltage (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, ) (T A = T low to T high, Note 5) Characteristic Reference oltage Deviation Over Temperature (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, T A = T low to T high, Notes 5, 6, 7) Ration of Reference oltage Change to Cathode oltage Change (Figure 4) ( KA = ref to 16, I K = 1 ma) Reference Terminal Current (Figure 4) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open) Reference Current Deviation Over Temperature (Figure 4) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open, Notes 5, 6, 7) Symbol ref TL431C Min Typ Max ref ref KA I ref.15.3 I ref.4.8 Unit m m Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation (Figure 3) I K(min ) 55 8 OffState Cathode Current (Figure 5) ( KA = 6., ref = ) ( KA = 16, ref = ) I K(off) Dynamic Impedance (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K =.1 ma to 2 ma, f 1. khz, Note 8) Z KA Ambient temperature range: T low = 4 C, T high = 85 C. 6. Guaranteed but not tested. 7. The deviation parameters ref and I ref are defined as the difference between the maximum value and minimum value obtained over the full operating ambient temperature range that applied. ref Max ref = ref Max ref Min ref Min T A = T 2 T 1 T 1 Ambient Temperature T 2 The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, ref is defined as: 16 ( ref ) α ref ppm (T 25 C) ref A C ref can be positive or negative depending on whether ref Min or ref Max occurs at the lower ambient temperature, refer to Figure 8. Example: ref = 7.2 m and the slope is positive, Example: 25 C = Example: T A = 125 C 8. The dynamic impedance Z KA is defined as: α ref ppm C 125 T A Z KA KA I K ppm C When the device is operating with two external resistors, and, (refer to Figure 4) the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: Z KA Z KA 1 4

5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ( unless otherwise noted) Reference oltage (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, ) (T A = 4 C to 85 C) (T A = 4 C to 125 C) Characteristic Symbol ref SC431B, NC431 Min Typ Max Unit Reference oltage Deviation Over Temperature (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, T A = 4 C to 85 C, Notes 9, 1) ( KA = ref, I K = 1 ma, T A = 4 C to 125 C, Notes 9, 1) ref m Ration of Reference oltage Change to Cathode oltage Change (Figure 4) ( KA = ref to 16, I K = 1 ma) Reference Terminal Current (Figure 4) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open) ref KA I ref.15.3 m Reference Current Deviation Over Temperature (Figure 4) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open, T A = 4 C to 85 C, Notes 9, 1) (I K = 1 ma, = 1 k, = open, T A = 4 C to 125 C, Notes 9, 1) I ref Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation (Figure 3) I K(min ) 55 8 OffState Cathode Current (Figure 5) ( KA = 6., ref = ) ( KA = 16, ref = ) I K(off) Dynamic Impedance (Figure 3) ( KA = ref, I K =.1 ma to 2 ma, f 1. khz, Note 11) Z KA Guaranteed but not tested. 1.The deviation parameters ref and I ref are defined as the difference between the maximum value and minimum value obtained over the full operating ambient temperature range that applied. ref Max ref = ref Max ref Min ref Min T A = T 2 T 1 T 1 Ambient Temperature T 2 The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, ref is defined as: 16 ( ref ) α ref ppm (T 25 C) ref A C ref can be positive or negative depending on whether ref Min or ref Max occurs at the lower ambient temperature, refer to Figure 8. Example: ref = 7.2 m and the slope is positive, Example: 25 C = Example: T A = 125 C 11. The dynamic impedance Z KA is defined as: α ref ppm C 125 T A Z KA KA I K ppm C When the device is operating with two external resistors, and, (refer to Figure 4) the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: Z KA Z KA 1 5

6 KA KA KA I K I K I K(off) I ref ref ref KA ref 1 I ref Figure 3. Test Circuit for KA = ref Figure 4. Test Circuit for KA ref Figure 5. Test Circuit for I K(off) 3 11 IK, CATHODE CURRENT (ma) 2 1 KA = ref I K KA IK, CATHODE CURRENT ( A) KA = ref I K KA I K(min) KA, CATHODE OLTAGE () KA, CATHODE OLTAGE () Figure 6. Cathode Current vs. Cathode oltage Figure 7. Cathode Current vs. Cathode oltage ref, REFERENCE INPUT OLTAGE () KA = ref I K = 1 ma 15 1 KA IK 35 TL431A Typ. T A, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) 6 ref (max) ref (typ) ref (min) 85 I ref, REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT ( A) I K 1 k I ref I K = 1 ma T A, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) KA 85 Figure 8. Reference oltage versus Ambient Temperature Figure 9. Reference Current versus Ambient Temperature 6

7 ref, REFERENCE INPUT OLTAGE CHANGE (m) ref KA I K I K = 1 ma KA, CATHODE OLTAGE () 16 IK(off), CATHODE CURRENT ( A) KA = 16 ref = 4. I off KA KA, CATHODE OLTAGE () 16 2 Figure 1. Reference oltage Change versus Cathode oltage Figure 11. OffState Cathode Current versus Cathode oltage Ioff, OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT ( A) KA = 16 ref = 15 KA I off 1 35 T A, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) 6 85 Za, DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHM) k 5 + Output IK 1 k 1 k 1. M f, FREQUENCY (Hz) I K =.1 ma to 2 ma 1 M Figure 12. OffState Cathode Current versus Ambient Temperature Figure 13. Dynamic Impedance versus Frequency Za, DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHM) Output IK I K =.1 ma to 2 ma f = 1. khz Avol, OPEN LOOP OLTAGE GAIN (db) I K = 1 ma 15 k IK 9 F 8.25 k + Output T A, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) k 1 k 1 k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 1. M Figure 14. Dynamic Impedance versus Ambient Temperature Figure 15. OpenLoop oltage Gain versus Frequency 7

8 NOISE OLTAGE (n/ Hz) I ref KA = ref I K = 1 ma I K Output (OLTS) Pulse Generator f = 1 khz 1.8 k Output 5 Output k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 1 k 1 k t, TIME ( s) Figure 16. Spectral Noise Density Figure 17. Pulse Response IK, CATHODE CURRENT (ma) pf Stable 1 pf B A 1. nf.1 F Stable.1 F 1. F C L, LOAD CAPACITANCE C D 1 F Stable 1 F + Unstable Regions 1. k KA () A, C ref B, D 5. (k ) 3.4 I K C L (k ) 1 Figure 18. Stability Boundary Conditions Figure 19. Test Circuit for Figure 18 Stability Figures 18 and 19 show the stability boundaries and circuit configurations for the worst case conditions with the load capacitance mounted as close as possible to the device. The required load capacitance for stable operation can vary depending on the operating temperature and capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR). Ceramic or tantalum surface mount capacitors are recommended for both temperature and ESR. The application circuit stability should be verified over the anticipated operating current and temperature ranges. 8

9 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS in out in out out 1 ref out 1 ref Figure 2. Shunt Regulator Figure 21. High Current Shunt Regulator in MC785 In Out Common out in out out 1 ref out(min) ref 5. out 1 ref in(min) out be out(min) ref Figure 22. Output Control for a Three Terminal Fixed Regulator Figure 23. Series Pass Regulator 9

10 in I sink I sink ref R S R CL I out in out I out ref R CL R S Figure 24. Constant Current Source Figure 25. Constant Current Sink in out in out out(trip) 1 ref Figure 26. TRIAC Crowbar out(trip) 1 ref Figure 27. SCR Crowbar 1

11 in 25 LED R3 1N ma 5 k 1% 5 k 1% 1 k 5 k 1% 1. M 1% 1 k 1 k Calibrate R4 1. k 1. M 25 L.E.D. indicator is ON when in is between the upper and lower limits, Range - + out Lower limit 1 ref R x 5. Upper limit 1 R3 R4 ref R x out Range Figure 28. oltage Monitor Figure 29. Linear Ohmmeter 38 T1 = 33 to T1 36 k + 47 F * 1. F olume 47 k * Thermalloy * THM 624 * Heatsink on * LP Package. 56 k 1 k.5 F Tone 25 k Figure 3. Simple 4 mw Phono Amplifier 11

12 AC DC Output 3.3 Gate Drive CC 1 Controller GND FB Current Sense C1.1 F 3. k 1.8 k Figure 31. Isolated Output Line Powered Switching Power Supply The above circuit shows the TL431A/B/C as a compensated amplifier controlling the feedback loop of an isolated output line powered switching regulator. The output voltage is programmed to 3.3 by the resistors values selected for and. The minimum output voltage that can be programmed with this circuit is 2.64, and is limited by the sum of the reference voltage (1.24 ) and the forward drop of the optocoupler light emitting diode (1.4 ). Capacitor C1 provides loop compensation. PIN CONNECTIONS AND DEICE MARKING TO92 TSOP5 SOT233 TL43 1XXX ALYWW 1. Reference 2. Anode 3. Cathode NC NC Cathode XXXAYW (Top iew) 5 4 Anode Reference Reference 1 Cathode 2 XXXM (Top iew) 3 Anode XXX = Specific Device Code A = Assembly Location Y = Year L = Wafer Lot WW, W = Work Week = PbFree Package (Note: Microdot may be in either location) XXX = Specific Device Code M = Date Code = PbFree Package (Note: Microdot may be in either location) 12

13 ORDERING INFORMATION Device Device Code Package Shipping TL431ALPG ALP TO923 (PbFree) 6 / Box TL431ALPRAG ALP TO923 (PbFree) TL431ALPREG ALP TO923 (PbFree) TL431ALPRMG ALP TO923 (PbFree) TL431ALPRPG ALP TO923 (PbFree) TL431ASNT1G RAA TSOP5 (PbFree, HalideFree) TL431ASN1T1G RAF SOT233 (PbFree, HalideFree) TL431BLPG BLP TO923 (PbFree) TL431BLPRAG BLP TO923 (PbFree) TL431BLPREG BLP TO923 (PbFree) TL431BLPRMG BLP TO923 (PbFree) TL431BLPRPG BLP TO923 (PbFree) TL431BSNT1G RAH TSOP5 (PbFree, HalideFree) TL431BSN1T1G RAG SOT233 (PbFree, HalideFree) TL431CSN1T1G AAN SOT233 (PbFree, HalideFree) SC431BSN1T1G* RAC SOT233 (PbFree, HalideFree) NC431ASNT1G ACH TSOP5 (PbFree, HalideFree) NC431BSNT1G AD6 TSOP5 (PbFree, HalideFree) 2 / Tape & Reel 2 / Tape & Reel 2 / Ammo Pack 2 / Ammo Pack 3 / Tape & Reel 3 / Tape & Reel 6 / Box 2 / Tape & Reel 2 / Tape & Reel 2 / Ammo Pack 2 / Ammo Pack 3 / Tape & Reel 3 / Tape & Reel 3 / Tape & Reel 3 / Tape & Reel 3 / Tape & Reel 3 / Tape & Reel For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD811/D. *SC Prefix for Automotive and Other Applications Requiring Unique Site and Control Change Requirements; AECQ1 Qualified and PPAP Capable. 13

14 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TO92 (TO226) LP SUFFIX CASE 2911 ISSUE AM R A N B STRAIGHT LEAD BULK PACK NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R IS UNCONTROLLED. 4. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM. P L SEATING INCHES MILLIMETERS PLANE K DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A B C D X X D G H G J H J K C L N P SECTION XX R N R A B BENT LEAD TAPE & REEL AMMO PACK NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R IS UNCONTROLLED. 4. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM. P T MILLIMETERS SEATING PLANE K DIM MIN MAX A B C D.4.54 G X X D G J.39.5 K J N P C R SECTION XX N 14

15 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOT233 SN1 SUFFIX CASE 3188 ISSUE AP A E A1 D e b HE SEE IEW C L1 L c.25 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. MAXIMUM LEAD THICKNESS INCLUDES LEAD FINISH THICKNESS. MINIMUM LEAD THICKNESS IS THE MINIMUM THICKNESS OF BASE MATERIAL. 4. DIMENSIONS D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS, OR GATE BURRS. MILLIMETERS INCHES DIM MIN NOM MAX MIN NOM MAX A A b c D E e L L H E IEW C SOLDERING FOOTPRINT SCALE 1:1 mm inches 15

16 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TSOP5 SN SUFFIX CASE 4832 ISSUE K 2X 2X.2 NOTE 5 T.1 B.5 A T B H G A TOP IEW SIDE IEW C D 5X.2 C A B S C SEATING PLANE J K DETAIL Z END IEW M DETAIL Z NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. MAXIMUM LEAD THICKNESS INCLUDES LEAD FINISH THICKNESS. MINIMUM LEAD THICKNESS IS THE MINIMUM THICKNESS OF BASE MATERIAL. 4. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS, OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS, OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED.15 PER SIDE. DIMENSION A. 5. OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTION: AN ADDITIONAL TRIMMED LEAD IS ALLOWED IN THIS LOCATION. TRIMMED LEAD NOT TO EXTEND MORE THAN.2 FROM BODY. MILLIMETERS DIM MIN MAX A 3. BSC B 1.5 BSC C D.25.5 G.95 BSC H.1.1 J.1.26 K.2.6 M 1 S SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* SCALE 1:1 mm inches *For additional information on our PbFree strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC s product/patent coverage may be accessed at /site/pdf/patentmarking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. Typical parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION LITERATURE FULFILLMENT: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 5163, Denver, Colorado 8217 USA Phone: or Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: or Toll Free USA/Canada orderlit@onsemi.com N. American Technical Support: Toll Free USA/Canada Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support: Phone: Japan Customer Focus Center Phone: ON Semiconductor Website: Order Literature: For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative TL431A/D