British Wenlock crinoids at the Western Australian Museum
|
|
- Laureen Anabel Haynes
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ISSN X (Print) ISSN (Online) British Wenlock crinoids at the Western Australian Museum Stephen K. Donovan 1 DONOVAN, S.K. (2012). British Wenlock crinoids at the Western Australian Museum. Proceedings of the Shropshire Geological Society, 17, A display of Silurian fossil corals, trilobites and crinoids in the Western Australian Museum, Perth, is comprised of specimens from the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. These formed a part of the collection of James Tennant ( ), a London mineral, fossil and shell dealer. Despite what is stated on the display label, most, if not all, specimens are likely to come from Dudley, not Shropshire. Most of the crinoids are referred to species described by John Phillips in Department of Geology, NCB Naturalis, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. Steve.Donovan@ncbnaturalis.nl INTRODUCTION Travelling long distances and accidentally bumping into old friends is one of life s pleasures. I had never visited Australia until late July 2012, and was looking forward to a few days mixing business with pleasure. Thus it was that I found myself in the geology gallery, Dinosaurs to diamonds, of the Western Australian Museum (WAM) in Perth by lunchtime on my first day. Despite the fine displays of dinosaurs, rocks and minerals, and fossil marsupials, it was a glass cabinet of Lower Palaeozoic fossils that caught my eye. TENNANT S WENLOCK CRINOIDS Labelled Life in a Shallow Sea 430 million years ago, this cabinet covered the common groups of Lower Palaeozoic invertebrates. The centrepiece is a slab about 1.3 m long displaying some fine trilobites from China. Smaller slabs of grey and (mainly) pink mudrocks from Australia bear well-preserved graptolites. Three more trilobites were Australian in origin. And all other specimens on display in this cabinet were from the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation of Shropshire and Dudley. This should not, perhaps, have surprised me. In the 19 th Century collections of well-preserved Wenlock fossils from Dudley were sold to many museums around the world. For example, there are collections that I have worked on in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., and my home institution, Naturalis in Leiden. What was unexpected was that they should form a prominent part of the display rather than be limited to the research collections. The display includes two slabs of Much Wenlock Limestone Formation, each of about 200 x 200 mm, bearing typical components of the Wenlock benthos such as brachiopods, bryozoans, trilobite fragments and crinoids (Figure 1A). An explanatory label states that Specimens displayed here come from W.A. Museum s Tennant Collection, and probably represent some of the earliest of these fossils collected in the early 19 th century. James Tennant ( ) was a dealer in minerals, fossils and shells whose shop was in London (Wilson, 2012); he was a fellow of the Geological Society and, in , president of the Geologists Association. The WAM s Tennant Collection consists of specimens sent to Western Australia by the British Museum (Natural History) (Groves, 2010). Groups from the Wenlock that are highlighted in this display include corals, trilobites and crinoids. Rugose corals include Omphyma turbinatum Haime, Omphyma subturbinatum (d Orbigny), Kodonophyllum truncatum (Linné) and Acervularia luxurians Eichwald. These are complemented by the tabulate corals Syringopora bifurcata Lonsdale, Favosites forbesi Milne-Edwards & Haime and Halysites catenularius (Linné) (Figure 1B-E). The trilobites include Calymene blumenbachi Brongiart, Encrinurus punctatus (Wahlenberg), Acidaspis brightii Murchison and Bumastus barriensis Murchison (Figure 1F-H). But of particular interest to me were the crinoids, which, recently, have been mono- Proceedings of the Shropshire Geological Society, 17, Shropshire Geological Society
2 BRITISH WENLOCK CRINOIDS Figure 1. Silurian fossils of the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation on display in the Western Australian Museum, Perth. (A) Block of Wenlock Limestone containing trilobites, brachiopods, bryozoans and crinoids (specimen label). Block c. 200 mm wide. (B, C) Solitary rugose corals. (B) Omphyma turbinatum Haime. (C) Omphyma subturbinatum (d Orbigny). (D, E) Tabulate corals. (D) Favosites forbesi Milne-Edwards & Haime, polished section. (E) Syringopora bifurcata Lonsdale. (F-H) Trilobites. (F, H) Calymene blumenbachi Brongiart. (F) Enrolled. (H) Dorsal view. (G) Bumastus barriensis Murchison, dorsal view.. -graphed as part of a study of the larger British Silurian echinoderm fauna (Lewis et al., 2007; Donovan et al., 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012). Despite the display label stating One of the classic localities for fossils of this age is the Wenlock Limestone of Shropshire, England, there is little doubt that the well-preserved trilobites and crinoids, at least, are from Dudley rather than Wenlock Edge. Currently there are about 60 nominal species of crinoid known from the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. There are five species on display in the WAM, that is, about 8% of the specific diversity; as each belongs to a different genus, this is about a seventh of the 35 genera known from Dudley (Donovan et al., 2012, table 8). Of the three major crinoid groups in the Silurian of the British Isles, the disparids are not represented. However, these are typically small and not really well suited to public display; interestingly, none were recognised in the earliest monograph on the British Silurian Proceedings of the Shropshire Geological Society, 17, Shropshire Geological Society
3 S.K. DONOVAN Figure 2. Silurian crinoids of the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation on display in the Western Australian Museum, Perth. (A, E) The monobathrid camerate Periechocrinus costatus (Austin & Austin). (B) The cyathocrinid cladid Cyathocrinites monile Salter. (C) The diplobathrid camerate Dimerocrinites decadactylus Phillips. (D) The flexible cladid Sagenocrinites expansus (Phillips). (F) The cyathocrinid cladid Gissocrinus goniodactylus (Phillips). crinoids (Phillips, 1839). Cladids include the cyathocrinids Cyathocrinites monile Salter (labelled as the junior synonym C. actinotubus Angelin) and Gissocrinus goniodactylus (Phillips), and the flexible Sagenocrinites expansus (Phillips) (Figure 2B, D, F). Camerates are the diplobathrid Dimerocrinites decadactylus Phillips and the monobathrid Periechocrinus costatus (Austin & Austin) (labelled as Periechocrinites moniliformis; for a Proceedings of the Shropshire Geological Society, 17, Shropshire Geological Society
4 BRITISH WENLOCK CRINOIDS full discussion of the invalidity of this name, see Donovan & Riley, 2011; Donovan et al., 2012); one specimen is mislabelled Eucalyptocrinites decorus (Phillips) (Figures 2A, C, E). Above I compared the diversity of the crinoids in this display with what we know of the crinoids of the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation at the present day. However, this was perhaps the wrong assessment to make. Rather, how do these five species relate to those known at the time of the death of James Tennant in 1881? The only monograph of the British Silurian crinoids was Phillips (1839). Before 1881, the most important taxonomic additions were by Salter (1873) and Angelin (1878), the latter including some taxa common to both Gotland and Dudley. Phillips described fourteen species (Donovan, 2009), to which Salter added 20 and Angelin six taxa (Donovan et al., 2009, 2010, 2012). Not all of Salter s species had been adequately illustrated (if at all) by 1881, but, nevertheless, about 40 species were recognised in total, that is, about two thirds of those known at the present day. But of the five species displayed in the WAM, four are either Phillips species, or, in the example of Periechocrinus costatus, was renamed soon after 1839 (Austin & Austin, 1843). Phillips s species were the first to be described and named, including just three after Miller (1821; see Donovan, 2009), and might be considered the commonest taxa. The make-up of Tennant s collection seems to support this; none of the displayed species are referable to later species. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My trip to Perth was supported by Curtin University of Technology, Bently, which I gratefully acknowledge. The Western Australian Museum, Perth, is congratulated for having such a stimulating palaeontological display. REFERENCES Angelin, N.P. (1878). Iconographia crinoideorum in Stratis Sueciae Siluricus fossilium. Holmiae, iv+62 pp. Austin, T., & Austin, T., Jr. (1843). Description of several new genera and species of Crinoidea. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (series 1), 11, Donovan, S.K. (2009). John Phillips and the British Silurian Crinoidea: 170 years of monographic endeavour. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society, 57, Donovan, S.K., Lewis, D.N., Crabb, P. & Widdison, R.E. (2008). A field guide to the Silurian Echinodermata of the British Isles: Part 2 - Crinoidea, minor groups and discussion. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society, 57, Donovan, S.K., Lewis, D.N., Fearnhead, F.E. & Widdison, R.E. (2009). The British Silurian Crinoidea. Part 1, introduction and Disparida. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society, London, 163 (632), Donovan, S.K. & Riley, M. (2011). What's in a (wrong) name? Thoughts on the true utility of electronic museum catalogues. The Geological Curator, 9, Donovan, S.K., Widdison, R.E., Lewis, D.N. & Fearnhead, F.E. (2010). The British Silurian Crinoidea. Part 2, addendum to Part 1 and Cladida. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London, 164 (635), Donovan, S.K., Widdison, R.E., Lewis, D.N. & Fearnhead, F.E. (2012, in press). The British Silurian Crinoidea. Part 3, addendum to parts 1 and 2, Camerata and columnals. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London, 166. Groves, W. (2010). Geobabble. Black Country Geological Society Newsletter, 203, p. 14. Lewis, D.N., Donovan, S.K., Crabb, P. & Gladwell, D.J. (2007). A field guide to the Silurian Echinodermata of the British Isles: Part 1 - Eleutherozoa and Rhombifera. Scripta Geologica, 134, Miller, J.S. (1821). A natural history of the Crinoidea or lily-shaped animals, with observations on the genera Asteria, Eurayle, Comatula and Marsupites. C. Frost, Bristol, 150 pp. Phillips, J. (1839). Organic remains. In: The Silurian System, part 2 (R.I. Murchison), pp John Murray, London. Salter, J.W. (1873). A catalogue of the collection of Cambrian and Silurian fossils contained in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, xlviii+204 pp. Proceedings of the Shropshire Geological Society, 17, Shropshire Geological Society
5 Wilson, W.E. (2012). James Tennant ( ). Mineralogical Record Biographical Archive, 3 pp. Accessed 11 September S.K. DONOVAN Copyright Shropshire Geological Society ISSN x Proceedings of the Shropshire Geological Society, 17, Shropshire Geological Society
Palaeoecology of a solitary coral, Farley, Wenlock Edge, Shropshire (Silurian)
ISSN 1750-855X (Print) ISSN 1750-8568 (Online) Palaeoecology of a solitary coral, Farley, Wenlock Edge, Shropshire (Silurian) Stephen K. Donovan 1 DONOVAN, S.K. (2012). Palaeoecology of a solitary coral,
More informationA crinoid crown from the Wenlock (Silurian) of Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, England
A crinoid crown from the Wenlock (Silurian) of Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, England S.K. Donovan & D.N. Lewis Donovan, S.K. & Lewis, D.N. A crinoid crown from the Wenlock (Silurian) of Coalbrookdale, Shropshire,
More informationG331: The Nature and Adequacy of the Fossil Record
1 G331: The Nature and Adequacy of the Fossil Record Approaches: Rarefaction Logarithmic Decay Model How many species might have been alive in the past? What percentage are fossilized? How many skeletonized
More informationMonday 3 June 2013 Morning
Monday 3 June 2013 Morning A2 GCE GEOLOGY F795/01 Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate *F713200613* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other materials required: Electronic
More informationFossils and Geology of Litzsinger Road Ecology Center
Fossils and Geology of Litzsinger Road Ecology Center Table of Content Key Terms 1 Key Terms 2 What you need to know Geologic Map of Missouri Geologic Time Chart More of what you need to know Digital map
More informationChapter 12. Life of the Paleozoic
Chapter 12 Life of the Paleozoic Paleozoic Invertebrates Representatives of most major invertebrate phyla were present during Paleozoic, including sponges, corals, bryozoans, brachiopods, mollusks, arthropods,
More informationLab 4 Identifying metazoan phyla and plant groups
Geol G308 Paleontology and Geology of Indiana Name: Lab 4 Identifying metazoan phyla and plant groups The objective of this lab is to classify all of the fossils from your site to phylum (or to plant group)
More informationPERSISTENT PREDATOR-PREY DYNAMICS REVEALED BY MASS EXTINCTION.
1 Supporting Information Appendix for PERSISTENT PREDATOR-PREY DYNAMICS REVEALED BY MASS EXTINCTION. Lauren Cole Sallan, Thomas W. Kammer, William I. Ausich, Lewis A. Cook 1 2 Illustration - A Viséan Euramerican
More informationSilurian of Gotland, Sweden
9 Silurian of Gotland, Sweden HANS HESS STROMATOPOROID AND CORAL REEFS IN THE BALTIC SEA The Swedish Island of Gotland is well known to vacationers, many of whom are also fossil collectors. They cannot
More informationTuesday 10 June 2014 Afternoon
Tuesday 10 June 2014 Afternoon A2 GCE GEOLOGY F795/01 Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate *1242977619* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other materials required: Electronic
More informationTHE ORDOVICIAN EXTINCTION. 444 million years ago
THE ORDOVICIAN EXTINCTION 444 million years ago TOTAL GENERA THROUGH THE PHANEROZOIC ERA The Cambrian to the Present PERMIAN TRIASSIC CRETACEOUS Holocene The Present Miocene DEVONIAN ORDOVICIAN Mississippian
More informationOrdovician. The Cincinnatian and the Richmondian Invasion
Ordovician The Cincinnatian and the Richmondian Invasion P. David Polly Department of Geological Sciences Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana 47405 USA pdpolly@indiana.edu The Cincinnatian (painting
More informationRECENT FOSSIL FINDS IN THE INDIAN ISLANDS GROUP, CENTRAL NEWFOUNDLAND
Current Research (2006) Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey, Report 06-1, pages 221-231 RECENT FOSSIL FINDS IN THE INDIAN ISLANDS GROUP, CENTRAL NEWFOUNDLAND 1 W.D.
More informationField trip to Racine Reef Complex, Thornton Quarry, Illinois
Field trip to Racine Reef Complex, Thornton Quarry, Illinois Primary objectives for this fieldtrip 1) Collect and identify the fossils of the Racine Reef Complex. 2) Discuss procedures for collecting fossil
More informationField Meeting Report: Coniston, led by Derek Leviston 18 th May 1986
ISSN 1750-855X (Print) ISSN 1750-8568 (Online) Field Meeting Report: Coniston, led by Derek Leviston 18 th May 1986 Les Dolamore 1 DOLAMORE, L. (1987). Field Meeting Report: Carrock Fell, led by Derek
More informationShield was above sea-level during the Cambrian and provided the sediment for the basins.
Name: Answers Geology 1023 Lab #8, Winter 2014 Platforms and Paleozoic life-forms Lab day: Tu W Th 1. Schematic geologic cross-sections A-B and C-D (shown below) cross the edge of the continental platform
More informationTell me what the word aggregate means and at least three things aggregate is used to make.
Lesson Plan Scout s Geology Objective: After today s lesson, you will be able to Tell me what the word aggregate means and at least three things aggregate is used to make. List the steps in the mining
More information2010 National Science Olympiad Fossil Test Final Qs & A s
2010 National Science Olympiad Fossil Test Final Qs & A s Note: Fossil pictures are unavailable (consider using the internet for samples) Station 1 Specimens A and B. DO NOT WRITE ON THIS SHEET USE YOUR
More informationGCE A level 1215/03 GEOLOGY - GL5 THEMATIC UNIT 3 GEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF BRITAIN
Surname Other Names Centre Number 2 Candidate Number GCE A level 1215/03 GEOLOGY - GL5 THEMATIC UNIT 3 GEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF BRITAIN P.M. FRIDAY, 10 June 2011 ONE of TWO units to be completed in 2 hours
More informationA new observation of Ovummuridae, from the mid-silurian (Wenlock) strata of Wenlock Edge, Shropshire, UK: A preliminary report
A NEW OBSERVATION FROM WENLOCK EDGE A new observation of Ovummuridae, from the mid-silurian (Wenlock) strata of Wenlock Edge, Shropshire, UK: A preliminary report Steven Rogers 1, Joel Blackburn 1,2 and
More informationGeologic Time Test Study Guide
Geologic Time Test Study Guide Chapter 12 Section 1 The Earth s Story and Those Who First Listened 1. What is the difference between uniformitarianism and catastrophism? Uniformitarianism: the same geologic
More informationWHO'S ON FIRST? A RELATIVE DATING ACTIVITY
WHO'S ON FIRST? A RELATIVE DATING ACTIVITY MARSHA BARBER and DIANA SCHEIDLE BARTOS INTRODUCTION PALEONTOLOGY, AND in particular the study of dinosaurs, is an exciting topic to people of all ages. Although
More information1. Identify this organism (it is 1mm in diameter) 2. The shell or of this organism is made of 3. How do these one-celled organism feed? 4.
Fossil Test 2 1. Identify this organism (it is 1mm in diameter) 2. The shell or of this organism is made of 3. How do these one-celled organism feed? 4. Describe the biological and geological importance
More informationFOSSILS Uncovering Clues to the Earth s Past
FOSSILS Uncovering Clues to the Earth s Past Fossils form when water replaces the cells of dead animals or plants with minerals. These minerals then petrify into rock to form the fossils we see in museums.
More informationThis lesson requires a collection of fossils for the students to examine. See the end notes for suggestions on where to obtain specimens.
Science Unit: Lesson #4: Fossils What is a Fossil? School Year: 2015/2016 Developed for: Developed by: Grade level: Duration of lesson: Notes: George T. Cunningham, Vancouver School District Kate Gregory
More informationYorkshire Geological Society
d_pygs_57_3-4_cv.qxd:d_pygs_56_4_cv.qxd 17/11/09 09:49 Page 1 2009 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Yorkshire Geological Society CONTENTS page 133 C. H. Holland Pisocrinus from the type Ludlow Series 143 W. A. Fairburn
More informationGeologic Time. Geologic Events
Geologic Time Much of geology is focused on understanding Earth's history. The physical characteristics of rocks and minerals offer clues to the processes and conditions on and within Earth in the past.
More informationName. Ecology & Evolutionary Biology 245 Exam 1 12 February 2008
Name 1 Ecology & Evolutionary Biology 245 Exam 1 12 February 2008 1. Use the following list of fossil taxa to answer parts a through g below. (2 pts each) 2 Aegyptopithecus Australopithecus africanus Diacronis
More informationTHIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION
THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION ADVANCED GCE GEOLOGY Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate F795 * OCE / 2 6692* Candidates answer on the Question Paper OCR Supplied Materials: None Other Materials Required:
More informationF795. GEOLOGY Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate ADVANCED GCE. Tuesday 1 February 2011 Afternoon
ADVANCED GCE GEOLOGY Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate F795 *OCE/30912* Candidates answer on the question paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other materials required: Electronic calculator Ruler (cm/mm)
More informationOctober 4, Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS: Homework: ES.8 Sedimentary Rocks
October 4, 2016 Aims: SWBAT describe the formation of sedimentary rocks. SWBAT use the composition of a sedimentary rock to identify the rock and to infer its history of formation. Agenda 1. Do Now 2.
More informationNew records of brachiopods and crinoids from the Silurian (Wenlock) of the southern Urals, Russia
GFF ISSN: 1103-5897 (Print) 2000-0863 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/sgff20 New records of brachiopods and crinoids from the Silurian (Wenlock) of the southern Urals, Russia
More informationFriday 10 June 2016 Afternoon
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Friday 10 June 2016 Afternoon A2 GCE GEOLOGY F795/01 Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate *6011962861* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other
More informationGeology of the Batemans Bay region. Geological evolution. The Lachlan Orogen
Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 1 The word orogen is derived from the ancient Greek language word for mountain building. The Lachlan Orogen The rocks exposed in the Batemans Bay are part of the geological
More informationSkeletal grains. Pores. Matrix <20 m) Cement. Non-skeletal grains. 1 cm
Components of a Carbonate rock Skeletal grains Pores Matrix
More informationClues to the Past. Grades 6-8 Educational Program Guide
Clues to the Past Grades 6-8 Educational Program Guide OAS Science Practices: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 Program Overview The Clues to the Past program will introduce students to several 300 million years old
More informationL.O: HOW GEOLOGISTS SEQUENCE EVENTS IN EARTH'S GEOLOGIC HISTORY IF NOT OVERTURNED, OLDEST ON BOTTOM, YOUNGEST ON TOP
L.O: HOW GEOLOGISTS SEQUENCE EVENTS IN EARTH'S GEOLOGIC HISTORY IF NOT OVERTURNED, OLDEST ON BOTTOM, YOUNGEST ON TOP 1. Unless a series of sedimentary rock layers has been overturned, the bottom rock layer
More informationThe Significance of the Fossil Record ( Susan Matthews and Graeme Lindbeck)
The Significance of the Fossil Record ( Susan Matthews and Graeme Lindbeck) The fossil record indicates the evolutionary history of life. Many events together, including: continental drift, changes in
More information10 Middle Silurian Rochester Shale of
10 Middle Silurian Rochester Shale of Western New York, USA, and Southern Ontario, Canada WENDY L. TAYLOR AND CARLTON E. BRETT A LONG HISTORY OF COLLECTING Extraordinary assemblages of echinoderms and
More informationWalls of shells and sand. Wonder as you wander past Much Wenlock s stone buildings
Walls of shells and sand Wonder as you wander past Much Wenlock s stone buildings Welcome to stony Wenlock Much Wenlock is the only Shropshire town in which extensive use of local stone for building gives
More informationName: Hour: Date: Materials: two sets of sequence cards in random order (set A: nonsense syllables; set B: sketches of fossils), pencil, paper
INTRODUCTION Scientists have good evidence that the earth is very old, approximately four and one-half billion years old. Scientific measurements such as radiometric dating use the natural radioactivity
More informationFossils. Ch. 29 and 30 Overview
Ch. 29 and 30 Overview What you need to know: Chapter 29: Fossils, Relative Time, Absolute Time Chapter 30: Geologic Time Fossils Study of fossils called paleontology Original remains rare usually dead
More informationWilliam Smith Exhibition A Level Geology Challenge
William Smith Exhibition A Level Geology Challenge RELEVANT TO GEOLOGY GCE A LEVEL SYLLABUS About this resource This resource for A Level has been written to support the William Smith Maps exhibition,
More informationDirected Reading. Section: Precambrian Time and the Paleozoic Era EVOLUTION. beginning of life is called. to. PRECAMBRIAN TIME.
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: Precambrian Time and the Paleozoic Era 1. Where is the geologic history of Earth recorded? 2. What kind of information can scientists get from the types of rock
More informationEarth s s Geologic History
The Earth s s Geologic History and The Earth s s Interior Earth s s Geologic History Geologic timescale Divides Earth s s history into relative time periods Relative dating based on: (apply for entire
More informationRock cycle diagram. Relative dating. Placing rocks and events in proper sequence of formation Deciphering Earth s history from clues in the rocks
Geologic Time Rock cycle diagram Leaves of History Chapter 21 Modern geology Uniformitarianism Fundamental principle of geology "The present is the key to the past Relative dating Placing rocks and events
More informationUnit 5: Earth s History Practice Problems
Name: Date: 1. Which bedrock would be most likely to contain fossils? A. Precambrian granite B. Cambrian shale C. Pleistocene basalt D. Middle-Proterozoic quartzite 6. Base your answer(s) to the following
More informationF795. GEOLOGY Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate ADVANCED GCE. Wednesday 8 June 2011 Morning
ADVANCED GCE GEOLOGY Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate F795 *F711220611* Candidates answer on the question paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other materials required: Electronic calculator Ruler (cm/mm)
More information17-1 The Fossil Record Slide 2 of 40
2 of 40 Fossils and Ancient Life What is the fossil record? 3 of 40 Fossils and Ancient Life Fossils and Ancient Life Paleontologists are scientists who collect and study fossils. All information about
More informationMOR TIME TEACHERS. ONCE UPON A TIME Activity Overview BIG IDEA
MOR TIME 04 Activity Overview BIG IDEA OBJECTIVE BACKGROUND The geologic time scale can be challenging for students to understand. This activity explores how scientists divide the Earth s long history
More informationAN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE BRITISH LITHOSTROTIONID CO.RALS
ACT A Vol. 25 P A L A EON T 0 LOG I C A 1'80 POLONICA No. JOHN R. NUDDS AN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE BRITISH LITHOSTROTIONID CO.RALS NUDDS, J. R.: An illustrated. key to the British lithostrotionid corals.
More informationThe camerate crinoid Scyphocrinites Zenker in the Upper Silurian or Lower Devonian of New Brunswick, Canada
The camerate crinoid Scyphocrinites Zenker in the Upper Stephen K. Donovan 1* and Randall F. Miller 2 1. Department of Geology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
More informationRadiolaria and the Rock Record
1 Radiolaria and the Rock Record Radiolarians are important constituents of chert at certain times in geologic history. Their tests accumulate on the seafloor today to form radiolarian ooze, particularly
More informationFossils Fossil Identification and Analysis Lab Walk Through Earth Science Essentials-Advanced by Russ Colson
Fossils Fossil Identification and Analysis Lab Walk Through Earth Science Essentials-Advanced by Russ Colson I've provided more specific guidance for this lab than for the previous ones, including giving
More informationTuesday 16 June 2015 Morning
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Tuesday 16 June 2015 Morning A2 GCE GEOLOGY F795/01 Evolution of Life, Earth and Climate *5003753738* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other
More informationRELATIVE VS. ABSOLUTE DATING
Activity Overview BIG IDEA The only way to know anything of the ecology of the past is because of the wide variety of fossils that have been found. People tend to think of all fossils as dinosaurs, but
More informationMarine Invertebrates in the Paleozoic Seas
Marine Invertebrates in the Paleozoic Seas The fossils of shell-bearing invertebrates that inhabited shallow seas are common in Paleozoic rocks. Archaeocyathids, sponges, corals, bryozoans, trilobites,
More informationPaleontological Contributions
Paleontological Contributions Number 13 A new rhizangiid genus from the Miocene of North America (Sclerangia n. gen.; Florida, USA) Rosemarie Christine Baron-Szabo and Stephen Douglas Cairns April 30,
More informationGY 112L Lab Assignment 12 Cenozoic Rocks and Fossils
Name: Grade /100 +10 bonus Percent: GY 112L Lab Assignment 12 Cenozoic Rocks and Fossils Note: This is the first and only one of the GY 112 labs that deals with the Cenozoic Era. The lab is broken up into
More informationRegents Earth Science
Regents Earth Science Earth s History Name Section Rock Correlation Lab Lab# Introduction: The Cayuga Lake Basin contains one of the scenic Finger Lakes of central New York State. During the Devonian Period,
More informationEarth s Changing Surface Chapter 4
Name Hour Due Date Earth s Changing Surface Chapter (You do not need your book) Page 1 Fossils Summary Page 2 Traces of Tracks Page 3 Finding the Relative Age of Rocks Summary. Page - Finding the Relative
More informationField Trip to the Cincinnati Museum Center, Geier Collections Center By Michael Popp
Field Trip to the Cincinnati Museum Center, Geier Collections Center By Michael Popp Ten KYANA members traveled to Cincinnati for a behind the scenes look at the fossil collection of Cincinnati Museum
More informationGeologic Time Scavenger Hunt
Geologic Time Scavenger Hunt Name: Class Period: For this activity, go to the resource page on our class website. Find the link titled Understanding Geologic Time which can be found under the Plate Tectonics
More informationSection 7. Reading the Geologic History of Your Community. What Do You See? Think About It. Investigate. Learning Outcomes
Chapter 3 Minerals, Rocks, and Structures Section 7 Reading the Geologic History of Your Community What Do You See? Learning Outcomes In this section, you will Goals Text Learning Outcomes In this section,
More information17-1 The Fossil Record Slide 1 of 40
1 of 40 Fossils and Ancient Life Fossils and Ancient Life Paleontologists are scientists who collect and study fossils. All information about past life is called the fossil record. The fossil record includes
More informationChapter Study Guide Section 17-1 The Fossil Record (pages )
Name Class Date Chapter Study Guide Section 17-1 The Fossil Record (pages 417-422) Key Concepts What is the fossil record? What information do relative dating and radioactive dating provide about fossils?
More informationLaboratory 7 Geologic Time
(Name) Laboratory 7 Geologic Time We will be exploring ideas behind the development of the geological column. The geological column is a general term that is used to describe the template behind which
More informationGY 112L Lab Assignment 8 Paleozoic Lab 2
Name: Grade /100 (+5 bonus) Percent: GY 112L Lab Assignment 8 Paleozoic Lab 2 Note: There are a lot of specimens to look at in this weeks lab. It is probably best for you to look at the physical specimens
More informationA camerate crinoid from the Upper Silurian (Ludlow) Moydart Formation of Nova Scotia, Canada
A tlantic G eology 81 A camerate crinoid from the Upper Silurian (Ludlow) Moydart Formation of Nova Scotia, Canada Stephen K. Donovan 1 and RonK. Pickerill^ I Department o f Geology, University o f the
More informationPlan of Development Mountain Valley Pipeline Project. APPENDIX P Plan for Unanticipated Discovery of Paleontological Resources
APPENDIX P Plan for Unanticipated Discovery of Paleontological Resources Appendix P Plan for Unanticipated Discovery of Paleontological Resources Prepared by: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION... 1 1.1
More informationGY 112L Lab Assignment 5 Modes of Fossil Preservation
Name: Grade /100 (+5 bonus) Percent: GY 112L Lab Assignment 5 Modes of Fossil Preservation Note: In this lab we will begin to look at fossilized animals, plants, and their traces. You will soon become
More informationReading. This test is for demonstration purposes only. The test consists of four parts. There are twenty five questions. Total time: 30 minutes.
Reading This test is for demonstration purposes only. The test consists of four parts. There are twenty five questions. Total time: 30 minutes. Part 1 Choose one word a), b), or c) for each gap and mark
More informationAnswers to Section G: Time and the Fossil Record (Relative Dating)
Answers to Section G: Time and the Fossil Record (Relative Dating) Use the following sketch of a geological cross section to answer questions 1 to 3. 1. The most important principle used to determine the
More informationFossils, Environments, and Geologic Time
Fossils, Environments, and Geologic Time By Rachel Dolbier, W.M. Keck Earth Science and Mineral Engineering Museum & D.D. LaPointe, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology In this activity, we will evaluate
More informationFOSSIL MICROSTRUCTURE USING 3D PROFILOMETRY
FOSSIL MICROSTRUCTURE USING 3D PROFILOMETRY Prepared by Duanjie Li, PhD 6 Morgan, Ste156, Irvine CA 92618 P: 949.461.9292 F: 949.461.9232 nanovea.com Today's standard for tomorrow's materials. 2015 NANOVEA
More informationOrdovician. System. Cambrian. System
443 495 543 Late Middle Early Late Middle Early Ordovician System Cambrian System Earth History, Ch. 13 1 Ch. 13 Review: Early Paleozoic life & Burgess Shale fauna Most animal phyla originated in Cambrian;
More informationRock cycle diagram. Principle of Original Horizontality. Sediment is deposited horizontally
Geologic Time Rock cycle diagram Leaves of History Chapter 21 Lateral Continuity Principle of Original Horizontality Sediment is deposited horizontally Principle of Superposition Oldest rock A Younger
More informationWho s On First? A Relative Dating Activity
NAME: DATE: PERIOD: Who s On First? A Relative Dating Activity Scientists have good evidence that the earth is very old, approximately four and one-half billion years old. Scientific measurements such
More informationEARTH S HISTORY. What is Geology? logy: science. Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, including its:
EARTH S HISTORY 1 What is Geology? Geo: earth logy: science Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, including its: composition, structure, and physical properties. 2 1 Geologists study: the origin
More informationCommon Fossils in Pennsylvania
Common Fossils in Pennsylvania Dinosaurs? Not common in Pennsylvania Only found in Southeastern Part of the state Dinosaurs wondered near the lakes and swamps and are preserved there dating from the Triassic
More informationPALEONTOLOGY MUSEUM MICHELE GORTANI
PALEONTOLOGY MUSEUM MICHELE GORTANI Paleontology exhibition The evolution of life through fossils Luciano Tiraboschi --- Antonio Foscheri (photos) Paleontology Museum Michele Gortani Portogruaro Paleontology
More informationDetermining the age of fossils
Sea shells seem to be everywhere. Most of the time you will find them on beaches, but every now and then, you may find them far from the sea. For example, you may have found a shell stuck in a rock high
More informationCITY OF LONDON CEMETERY TEACHERS GUIDE TO ROCK TYPE EXERCISES: LOCATION ONE
CITY OF LONDON CEMETERY TEACHERS GUIDE TO ROCK TYPE EXERCISES: LOCATION ONE The City of London Cemetery is a haven for the geologist, with representatives from the sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic
More informationGEOLOGY GL1 Foundation Unit
Candidate Name Centre Number Candidate Number 2 General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary/Advanced 451/01 GEOLOGY GL1 Foundation Unit P.M. THURSDAY, 10 January 2008 (1 hour) Examiner Question
More informationSpring th Grade
Spring 2015 8 th Grade The geologic time scale is a record of the major events and diversity of life forms present in Earth s history. The geologic time scale began when Earth was formed and goes on until
More informationTanyard Creek Virtual Field Trip
Tanyard Creek Virtual Field Trip NorthWest Arkansas Community College s GEOL 1114 Hybrid Instructor Dr. Wendi J. Williams Student Team Members Cynthia Brantley Cassie Harris Jonathan Mooney David Selby
More information12.1 The Fossil Record. KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form.
KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form. Fossils can form in several ways. Premineralization occurs when minerals carried by water are deposited around
More informationLithological Groups within the Wenlock Limestone (Silurian) at Wren's Nest, Dudley. P.G. Oliver. Summary
39 Lithological Groups within the Wenlock Limestone (Silurian) at Wren's Nest, Dudley P.G. Oliver Summary Over 300 rock samples have been collected from the Wenlock Limestone of Wren's Nest and have been
More informationIllustrations of Selected Ordovician fossils
Illustrations of Selected Ordovician fossils Appendix 1 Brachiopods Cephalopods Brachiopods (brack'-i-oh-pods) are a group of marine animals with two shells. They all have an upper and lower shell. The
More informationA Trip Through Geologic Time
A Trip Through Geologic Time A Trip Through Geologic Time Review In: Have the same animals that live today always been on Earth? Illustrate and JUSTIFY. When finished with this In Question, show Ms. Johnson
More informationDead Things in Rocks 2/17/11. Dr. Ben Waggoner BIOL 1400
2/17/11 Dead Things in Rocks Dr. Ben Waggoner BIOL 1400 No less a personage than the artist Leonardo da Vinci speculated that these fossils must be the remains of once-living things from ancient seas.
More informationBats Galore! By ReadWorks
Bats Galore! Bats Galore! By ReadWorks Imagine watching hundreds of thousands of bats swirl around you, swarming to form a large, black mass that flies off into the horizon. At Carlsbad Caverns in New
More informationModule 9: Earth's History Topic 3 Content: A Tour of Geologic Time Notes
The geologic time scale holds secrets to the life that has existed on Earth since the beginning of time. It is time for you to take a journey through the history of Earth. 1 Click on each of the segments
More informationInside and Outside Carlsbad Caverns
by ReadWorks Imagine watching hundreds of thousands of bats swirl around you, swarming to form a large, black mass that flies off into the horizon. At Carlsbad Caverns in New Mexico, this scene is a regular
More informationEarth Science 105 Geologic Time Chapter 11
Correlation of rock layers Earth Science 105 Geologic Time Chapter 11 Earth Science 11 th ed. Tarbuck & Lutgens Matching same age rocks In local area Across wide area In different regions Grand Canyon
More informationEarth Science 105. Geologic Time Chapter 11. Earth Science 11 th ed. Tarbuck & Lutgens
Earth Science 105 Geologic Time Chapter 11 Earth Science 11 th ed. Tarbuck & Lutgens Correlation of rock layers Matching same age rocks In local area Across wide area In different regions Grand Canyon
More informationCrinoids from the Silurian of Western Ohio and Indiana
1 Crinoids from the Silurian of Western Ohio and Indiana Senior Research Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with research distinction in Earth Sciences in the undergraduate
More informationGeological Time How old is the Earth
Geological Time How old is the Earth How old is everything? Universe? Universe ~ 14 Billion Years Old Milky Way Galaxy? Milky Way Galaxy - 10 Billion Years Old Solar System? Solar System -4.6 Billion Years
More information(continued) Stephen Eikenberry 11 September 2012 AST 2037
Development of Life (continued) Stephen Eikenberry 11 September 2012 AST 2037 1 Evolutionary Timeline 530 MYa first footprint fossil found on land 505 Mya first true fish in the sea 475 MYa first land
More informationTHE GEOLOGY OF SCULPTING STONE INDIANA LIMESTONE
THE GEOLOGY OF SCULPTING STONE INDIANA LIMESTONE 1 Michael E. Yeaman OUTLINE The Stone Defined General Description, Physical/Chemical Properties and Historic Use Specimens (macro and thin section) Specific
More information