La fascia costiera emiliano-romagnola: dinamiche e criticità The coastline of Emilia-Romagna: dynamic and hazards Luisa Perini

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1 La fascia costiera emiliano-romagnola: dinamiche e criticità The coastline of Emilia-Romagna: dynamic and hazards Luisa Perini

2 IMPORTANCE OF THE COASTAL ZONE strategic importance of coastal zone & conflicts 80% of regional tourism; 7% contribution of coastal tourism to the regional GDP (2% only in the strip wide 1 km from the shoreline) 117 of sandy beaches; 80 km artificially protected 26 harbors and docks 37 protected areas parks PO PLAIN ADRIATIC SEA EMILIA- ROMAGNA REGION agricolture LIGURIAN SEA tourism aquaculture fishery energy

3 COASTAL HAZARDS Large areas below mean sea level Absence &/or discontinuity of coastal dunes, less than 30% of the entire coastline 65% of the shoreline in erosion, value reduced to 30% thanks to nourishment Urbanisation increases the level of risk

4 FLOOD HAZARD (according to flood directive EU 2007/60) total flooding surface: km 2 urban: km 2

5 Subsidence natural value 2-5 mm/a anthropic up to mm/a anthropic components: groundwater & hydrocarbon pumping ; urban loading and reclamation Ravenna Teodorico mausoleum Ravenna: San Francesco abbay Since the ' 50s some areas have lowered more than 1 meter (such as Cesenatico inland and some points in Ravenna city)

6 CHANGES OF THE LAND USE OVER LAST 65 YEARS legend shoreline Urban Urban area areas Urban areas 2008 urban areas wetlands beaches land use dunes rivers natural zones agricolture urban increase of 400% in 65 years, considering a coastal strip 1.5 km inland from the shoreline

7 COASTAL DEFENCES AFTER 1927 SEA-STORM

8 COASTAL DEFENCES CATALOGUE Evolution of coastal defences km protections at % 11% 7% Shoreline % 36% 58% Shoreline 2011 protected natural fictitious troughs and instability of the coastal defences

9 NATURAL SITES Bellocchio study case The high dynamic and the lack of sediment supply from Reno river caused the total erosion of dune system since 2004 and the constant retreat ( 100 m) of the beach ridge The erosion induced the outcropping of backdune marshes

10 NATURAL SITES Bellocchio study case Volo RAF 1943 shoreline 2011 Volo AGEA 2014 linea di riva 2011 linea di riva m coastal retreat from 1943 spit disappeared 600 m 60 m 60 m loss during last 3 years high dynamic during sea storms image

11 Emilia-Romagna priority strategies Prevention measures Improve Knowledge EWS Prevention measures RISK management e.g. EWS systems Flood risk management plan Based on ICM aims Prevention measures Address local authorities towards good beach practices and coastal management Protection measures Beach nourishment defence maintenance dune protections

12 KNOWLEDGE IMPROVEMENT coastal monitoring data sharing and diffusion monitoring data processing analysis

13 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! in_risk Web GIS Multi-risk cartography Monitoring data In sviluppo 8 Livello Idrometrico M Mareografo L Ondametrico 5 Velocita vento tracimazione_canal i fenomeni di overwash filtrazione é é canali di deflusso escavazione tipo q escavazione fondale q forte escavazione fondale abbassamento (((( tratti in erosione k kj varchi_new erosione localizzata erosione fronte dunare <all other values> SCENARIO &? P1 &? P2 &? P3 áá

14 SAND STOCKS INFORMATION SYSTEM in_sand ~400 Mm 3 Sand bottom Sand top Sand deposit beach nourishment enhance the Coastal Resilience

15 DUNE RESTORATION & PROTECTION Dune restoration projects includes : Woody walkway Sand fencing, Planting vegetation (ammophila littoralis, agropyron junceum, euphorbia, ecc..) Information for cytizen

16 FINAL REMARKS high coastal dynamic and risks urban setback difficult to apply climate change can worsen trends knowledge of risks ICM programme Maintenance programme high costs of protections needed new ideas for interventions with sustainable costs and environmentally-based techniques

17 grazie