Time & place: Fridays, 10:30-11:30am Natural Science Bldg 235, 1st meeting Friday Sept 8

Transcription

1 GEOS 692, Transport Processes and Physical Properties of Rocks (1 CR) Time & place: Fridays, 10:30-11:30am Natural Science Bldg 235, 1st meeting Friday Sept 8 Instructor: Hajo Eicken, Geophysical Institute, UAF hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu Phone: Office: WRRB 104E(office hours: ad-hoc/by appointment) Instructor: Daniel Pringle, ARSC / Geophysical Institute, UAF daniel.pringle@gi.alaska.edu Phone: Office: WRRB 106C(office hours: ad-hoc/by appointment) Instructor: John Eichelberger, Geophysical Institute, UAF eich@gi.alaska.edu Phone: Office: ELV 310C (office hours: ad-hoc/by appointment) Grading criteria: Project presentation: 40 % Project report: 40 % Class participation: 20 % Course web page:

2 Project (Literature Review or Research Project): A short project will be aimed at applying skills and expertise acquired during the course to the discussion of current literature or a specific scientific or engineering problem. Students are highly encouraged to identify an area of interest or project of their own (e.g., originating from thesis-related research). The products of the project will be a presentation to the class, and a submitted written report. Sep 8, Introduction: The role of microstructure and fabric in determining transport and rock properties; representing and modeling processes at the `micro-' and `macro-' scales. Sep 15, Thermal properties and heat transfer Sep 22, Permeability and fluid transport Sep 29, Transport and property modeling Oct 6, Electrical properties and charge transport Oct 13, Transport and rock properties in magmatic systems Part I Oct 20, Transport and rock properties in magmatic systems Part II Oct 27, Student presentation/demonstration at Arctic Region Supercomputing Laboratory Nov 3, Student presentation Nov 10, Student presentation Nov 17, Student presentation Nov 24, No class, Thanksgiving Holiday - Dec 1, Student presentation Dec 8, Student presentation *Ahrens, T. J. (1995) Rock physics and phase relations: A handbook of physical constants. American Geophysical Union, Washington. *Schoen, J. H. (1996) Physical properties of rocks: Fundamentals and principles of petrophysics. Pergamon, Oxford. *Stauffer, D. and A. Aharony (1994) Introduction to percolation theory. Taylor & Francis, London.

3 Clauser, 1992

4 Clauser, 1992

5 Schoen, 1996

6 Lake ice macroscopic microscopic Sea ice

7 Lake ice macroscopic microscopic Texture: size, shape, orientation and relative spatial arrangement of component crystals Microstructure: distribution of liquid and solid inclusions within the crystal matrix, morphology and substructure of individual crystals Fabric: spatial orientation of crystal principal axes (occasionally also indicating preferred orientation) Modern geological literature: texture and microstructure synonymous (Passchier and Trouw, 1996) Materials science (and other languages): terms may have different meanings. Sea ice

8 scale-dependence of microstructural measurements resolution effects fractal geometry Dearnley, 1985

9 scale-dependence of microstructural measurements resolution effects fractal geometry Pape et al., 2000

10 Lake ice macroscopic microscopic Sea ice

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14 GEOS 692 Transport Processes and Physical Properties of Rocks Fall 2006 Daniel Pringle , WRRB 106C (DP) Sep 15: Thermal properties + heat transfer (HE) Sep 22: Permeability and fluid transport (DP) Sep 29: Transport and property modeling

15 Thermal conductivity Wm-1K-1 How to make sense of the variability Sedimentary Metamorphic 1. What are the physical mechanisms of heat transport? Use this to understand dependence of conductivity on: mineral content, porosity, pore fluid, temperature, pressure.. 2. Insights into role of microstructure, eg. via modeling

16 Thermal conductivity Wm-1K-1 How to make sense of the variability Sedimentary Metamorphic 1. What are the physical mechanisms of heat transport? Use this to understand dependence of conductivity on: mineral content, porosity, pore fluid, temperature, pressure.. 2. Insights into role of microstructure, eg. via modeling

17 Thermal properties (density,r ) heat capacity, c thermal conductivity,k (thermal diffusivity,d) Scalar equilibrium property: v i, c i Tensor transport property: v i, k i, geom. (v i = volume fractions) Amphibolite Field of view 2 mm Originally basic igneous rock (basalt or dolerite). Heating and compression changed original minerals to hornblende (green) and feldspar (colorless), and gave the rock a banding of minerals.

18 Transport and property modeling How to quantify effects of geometry (textural-structural variations) on transport properties? Or, how to upscale from microstructure macro scale properties eg. sub - mm to meters 1. Effective medium models: mixing formulas, structural models, Thermal and electrical transport: similar governing equations 2. Pore scale modeling, example: Lattice Boltzmann method

19 Effective medium models

20 Effective medium models Schön, Physical Properties of Rocks, p 268.

21 Pore scale modeling Obtain 3D internal structure from X-ray Computed Tomography. Characterize pore space Apply Lattice Boltzmann method to model flow / determine permeability XCT LBM Fontainebleau sandstone, Martys and Hagedorn, 2002

22 Pore scale modeling Obtain 3D internal structure from X-ray Computed Tomography. Characterize pore space Apply Lattice Boltzmann method to model flow / determine permeability XCT LBM Fontainebleau sandstone, Martys and Hagedorn, 2002 X-CT Network modeling L/B modeling Sea ice work in progress

23 Lattice Boltzmann in 2-D in 1-page Iain Haslam,

24 Lattice Boltzmann in 2-D in 1-page Iain Haslam,

25 Suggestions welcomed Topics to include, omit.. Project ideas.. Useful Resources Clauser, C and E. Huenges, Thermal Conductivity of Rocks and Minerals (Google: Clauser AGU thermal conductivity (pdf); class website soon) Roy, R.F, A.E.Beck and Y.S. Touloukian, Thermophysical Properties of Rocks, in Physical Properties of Rocks and Minerals, vol. 2, ed. Y.S.Touloukian et al. Schön, J.H., Physical Properties of Rocks: Fundamentals and Principles of Petrophysics (reserve in GI/IARC library)