How many of these words can you explain?

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1 How many of these words can you explain?

2 Students will Define metamorphic rocks, Describe how they are classified, and give several examples; Describe the factors that influence the composition and texture (appearance) of metamorphic rocks, and how those factors vary within the earth's crust;

3 Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic rock forms with temperature and pressure, but remains a solid. Pressure deep within the earth melts and changes existing rock. This is different than intrusive igneous rock, because you are starting with rock, not magma. The rocks melt only a little. There are 3

4 Metamorphic rock forms when pressure deep within the earth melts and changes existing rock. This is different than intrusive igneous rock, because you are starting with rock, not magma. The rocks melt only a little. There are two different types: foliated and nonfoliated. Metamorphic Rock

5 Meta meaning to change shape Morph meaning form Changes with temperature and pressure, but remains solid Metamorphism affects texture and mineralogy Usually takes place deep in the Earth

6 Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic rocks are formed by the effect of heat and pressure on existing rocks. This can greatly affect the hardness, texture or layer patterns of the rocks. Pressure from surface rocks metamorphic rock forming here Magma heat

fine-grained non-foliated metamorphic rock produced by contact metamorphism

7 Contact Metamorphism heated by nearby magma Increased temperature changes the composition of the rock, minerals are changed into new minerals Hornfels is a fine-grained non-foliated metamorphic rock produced by contact metamorphism igh&fr=t

8 This type of metamorphism occurs when rock is in contact with, or near, a mass of magma (Heat). The changes are caused primarily by the high temperatures of the molten rock, which in effect bake the surrounding rock. Contact Metamorphism is indicated by the xxxx in the diagram. 8

9 igneous intrusion metamorphoses "country rock"

10 Regional Metamorphism pressure builds up in rocks that is deep within the Earth Large pieces of the Earth s crust collide and the rock is deformed and chemically changed by heat and pressure

11 Increase of temperature and pressure with depth (due to the weight of the overlying rocks) causes rocks to deform and flow as if they were plastic. The minerals within the rock recrystallize and reorganize to 11

12 folds or bends

13 o Index minerals form only at certain temperatures and pressures Index minerals are used to estimate the temperature, depth, and pressure at which a rock undergoes metamorphism.

16 16

17 Texture of a Metamorphic Rock: Foliated Pressure Minerals Gneis Granite

18 Foliated - contain aligned grains of flat minerals Gneiss is foliated metamorphic rock that has a banded appearance and is made up of granular mineral grains. It typically contains abundant quartz or feldspar minerals.

19 Non-Foliated mineral grains are not arranged in plains or bands Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock that is produced from the metamorphism of limestone. It is composed primarily of calcium carbonate.

20 Determine if the following rock samples are foliated or non-foliated: Amphibolite Quartzite Phyllite

21 All types of rock can change Metamorphic rocks originally start out as different types of rocks. Because of pressure deep within the earth, they melt and change. Below are a few metamorphic changes. Granite becomes Gneiss Sandstone becomes Quartzite Shale is a sedimentary rock Shale becomes Slate (heat and pressure)

22 Granite to Gneiss What was the cause? Heat and Pressure Igneous metamorphic 22

23 Slate to Phyllite What was the cause? Heat and Pressure sedimentary metamorphic 23

24 Limestone to Marble What was the cause? Sedimentary Heat and Pressure Metamorphic 24

25 5-3-1 Metamorphic Rock page Write/ List FIVE words or short phrases that come to mind when you hear the word metamorphic rock 3 things that best capture Metamorphic Rock Next, Rank (number) your list from most important (1) to least important (5) Copy and finish this statement using your number one I understand that metamorphic rock(s) is / are

26 Write the correct letter 1. What rock type comes from a word meaning to change? a) Sedimentary Rocks b) Igneous Rocks c) Metamorphic Rocks 2. Foliation is: a) an alignment of mineral grains in a metamorphic rock. b) alignment of any kind observed in any kind of rocks. c) layering observed in sedimentary rocks. 3. Metamorphic rocks are classified primarily according to: a) hardness. b) chemical composition. c) texture - the presence/absence of foliation. 4. The principal agents of metamorphism are: a) compaction and cementation. b) heat and magma. c) heat and pressure.

Liz LaRosa Images from Geology.com unless otherwise noted

Liz LaRosa Images from Geology.com unless otherwise noted Liz LaRosa http://www.middleschoolscience.com 2010 Images from Geology.com unless otherwise noted A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter Rocks are classified