Shale Gas Opportunities in Southern Ontario an Update

Transcription

1 Shale Gas Opportunities in Southern Ontario an Update Terry Carter, Ministry of Natural Resources, London, ON Lee Fortner, Ministry of Natural Resources, London, ON Catherine Béland-Otis, Ontario Geological Survey, Sudbury, ON 48 th Annual OPI Conference and Trade Show Sarnia, Ontario

2 Acknowledgements Oil, Gas and Salt Resources Library Staff of Petroleum Resources Centre, MNR Tony Hamblin, GSC Open File Report 5384

3 Regional Geological Setting and Shale Gas Plays

4 Potential gas shales in Ontario Same plays as in NE U.S. and Quebec Best potential in: U. Devonian Kettle Point Fm (Antrim shale equivalent) M. Devonian Marcellus Formation U. Ordovician Blue Mountain Formation and Collingwood shale (Utica equivalents) Gas shows, no current production Unexplored (only one shale gas exploratory well) Large prospective areas

5 Age Windsor-Essex London area Niagara Peninsula Kettle Point Marcellus Devonian Upper Middle Pt Lambton Hamilton Sunbury Berea Bedford Kettle Point Ipperwash Widder Hungry Hollow Arkona Rockport Quarry Bell Dundee Dundee Dundee Hamilton Kettle Point Hungry Hollow Arkona Marcellus Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg De R. t. Amherstburg Subsurface Paleozoic Stratigraphic Chart Silurian Lower Upper Middle Salina Guelph Amabel Bois Blanc Bass Islands G unit F unit E unit D unit C unit B unit A-2 unit A-1 unit Eramosa Goat Island Gasport Rochester Salina Bois Blanc Bass Islands G unit F unit E unit C unit B A-2 unit A unit A-1 unit Guelph Eramosa Amabel Wiarton Bois Blanc Salina Guelph Lockport Bass Islands - Bertie G unit F unit E unit B A-2 unit A-1 unit Eramosa C unit A unit Goat Island Gasport Decew Rochester Irondequoit Oriskany Reynales Fossil Hill Reynales Thorold Lower Cataract Cabot Head Manitoulin Cataract Cabot Head Manitoulin Whirlpool Cataract Man. Grimsby Whirlpool Cabot Head Blue Mountain + Collingwood Clastics Carbonates Evaporites Shales Camb. Ordovician Upper Middle Upper Precambrian Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Cobourg Sherman Fall Trenton Black River Eau Claire Mt. Simon Queenston Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Cobourg Trenton Black River Queenston Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lk Crystalline Basement Queenston Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Trenton Black River Cobourg Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Theresa Potsdam

6 Potential Gas Shales in Southern Ontario - outcrop Collingwood Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York Kettle Point Hamilton Group Marcellus Georgian Bay Blue Mountain

7 Georgian Bay-Blue Mountain / Collingwood outcrop Collingwood Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York Georgian Bay Blue Mountain

8 Blue Mountain / Collingwood (Utica) Collingwood Calcareous shale; average thickness 4 to 6 m, max 12 m TOC: 1 to 11%, marginally mature to mature Depth to top: outcrop m 25,000 km 2 Attempts to extract oil in 1860 s Blue Mountain Formation Unsubdivided Georgian Bay-Blue Mountain Formation in subsurface Non-calcareous shale approximately 75 m thick Lowermost 2 to 50 m is black organic-rich with up to 3 % TOC Depth to top: outcrop m 70,000 km 2

9 Blue Mountain / Collingwood TOP: m Blue Mountain Collingwood Trenton BOTTOM: m

10 Collingwood subcrop / outcrop Churcher et al, 1991 OFR 5817

11 Georgian Bay-Blue Mountain Structure Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York C.I. = 50 m

12 Georgian Bay-Blue Mountain Isopach Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York C.I. = 50 m

13 Georgian Bay-Blue Mountain Gas Shows Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York C.I. = 50 m

14 Blue Mountain black shales black shale m

15 Maturity Studies Obermajer, Fowler & Snowdon, AAPG 1999 Core, cuttings, outcrop Most samples are mature, in oil window Increase in maturity to southeast (Repetski et al, 2008) Lack of samples in southeast where shales are thickest gas window? Obermajer, Fowler & Snowdon, 1999

16 Marcellus shale Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York Hamilton Group Marcellus

17 Age Windsor-Essex London area Niagara Peninsula Kettle Point Marcellus Devonian Upper Middle Pt Lambton Hamilton Sunbury Berea Bedford Kettle Point Ipperwash Widder Hungry Hollow Arkona Rockport Quarry Bell Dundee Dundee Dundee Hamilton Kettle Point Hungry Hollow Arkona Marcellus Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg De R. t. Amherstburg Subsurface Paleozoic Stratigraphic Chart Silurian Lower Upper Middle Salina Guelph Amabel Bois Blanc Bass Islands G unit F unit E unit D unit C unit B unit A-2 unit A-1 unit Eramosa Goat Island Gasport Rochester Salina Bois Blanc Bass Islands G unit F unit E unit C unit B A-2 unit A unit A-1 unit Guelph Eramosa Amabel Wiarton Bois Blanc Salina Guelph Lockport Bass Islands - Bertie G unit F unit E unit B A-2 unit A-1 unit Eramosa C unit A unit Goat Island Gasport Decew Rochester Irondequoit Oriskany Reynales Fossil Hill Reynales Thorold Lower Cataract Cabot Head Manitoulin Cataract Cabot Head Manitoulin Whirlpool Cataract Man. Grimsby Whirlpool Cabot Head Blue Mountain + Collingwood Clastics Carbonates Evaporites Shales Camb. Ordovician Upper Middle Upper Precambrian Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Cobourg Sherman Fall Trenton Black River Eau Claire Mt. Simon Queenston Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Cobourg Trenton Black River Queenston Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lk Crystalline Basement Queenston Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Trenton Black River Cobourg Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Theresa Potsdam

18 Marcellus Shale No surface outcrop, subcrop beneath glacial drift Max 12 m thick beneath Lake Erie TOC: 1 to 11% Depth to top: subcrop to 225 m 4700 km 2, mostly beneath Lake Erie Marginally mature

19 Marcellus Formation Marcellus TOP: 90.5 m No outcrop at surface BOTTOM: 98.6 m Dundee OGS 82-3, Yarmouth 3-9-I

20 Marcellus shale subcrop Lake Huron Michigan Ontario

21 Gas shows in Marcellus Lake Huron Michigan Ontario Gas shows in Marcellus

22 Kettle Point Formation - outcrop Ontario Lake Huron Lake Ontario Michigan New York Kettle Point

23 Age Windsor-Essex London area Niagara Peninsula Kettle Point Marcellus Devonian Upper Middle Pt Lambton Hamilton Sunbury Berea Bedford Kettle Point Ipperwash Widder Hungry Hollow Arkona Rockport Quarry Bell Dundee Dundee Dundee Hamilton Kettle Point Hungry Hollow Arkona Marcellus Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg De R. t. Amherstburg Subsurface Paleozoic Stratigraphic Chart Silurian Lower Upper Middle Salina Guelph Amabel Bois Blanc Bass Islands G unit F unit E unit D unit C unit B unit A-2 unit A-1 unit Eramosa Goat Island Gasport Rochester Salina Bois Blanc Bass Islands G unit F unit E unit C unit B A-2 unit A unit A-1 unit Guelph Eramosa Amabel Wiarton Bois Blanc Salina Guelph Lockport Bass Islands - Bertie G unit F unit E unit B A-2 unit A-1 unit Eramosa C unit A unit Goat Island Gasport Decew Rochester Irondequoit Oriskany Reynales Fossil Hill Reynales Thorold Lower Cataract Cabot Head Manitoulin Cataract Cabot Head Manitoulin Whirlpool Cataract Man. Grimsby Whirlpool Cabot Head Blue Mountain + Collingwood Clastics Carbonates Evaporites Shales Camb. Ordovician Upper Middle Upper Precambrian Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Cobourg Sherman Fall Trenton Black River Eau Claire Mt. Simon Queenston Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Cobourg Trenton Black River Queenston Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lk Crystalline Basement Queenston Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Trenton Black River Cobourg Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Theresa Potsdam

24 Kettle Point Formation Subcrop beneath glacial drift only 3 outcrops Max 105 m thick, average 28 m TOC: 3 to 15% Depth to top: outcrop to 143 m 9500 km 2, 50% beneath Lake Erie Thermally immature Numerous gas shows in petroleum wells and water wells Production in late 1800 s near Ridgetown for street lighting One exploratory well: OSN Gore of Chatham, Chatham 7-16-IV in 2006 reported as plugged & abandoned with gas show

25 Kettle Point Formation Kettle Point Hamilton Group OGS 82-2 Chatham

26 Kettle Point Isopach Lake Huron Michigan Ontario New York C.I. = 20 m

27 Gas Shows in Kettle Point Lake Huron Michigan Ontario New York

28 Gas Shows in Hamilton Group Lake Huron Michigan Ontario New York Hamilton Group Subcrop

29 Gas Shows in Drift Lake Huron Michigan Ontario New York

30 Gas Shows in Water Wells Lake Huron Michigan Ontario New York

31 Natural Gas in Groundwater Contact Aquifer OIL/GAS Gas in contact aquifer SURFACE C ASING DRIFT SURFAC E SED IMENTS FRESH WATER Kettle SHALE Point Top of bedrock SALTY WATER I N SA NDSTONE SHALE

32 All Gas Shows associated with Kettle Point Lake Huron Michigan Ontario Gas shows in Kettle Point Gas shows in Hamilton Gp. New York Gas shows in water wells Gas shows in drift

33 Biogenic or Thermogenic? No direct evidence for any of the Ontario shales Natural gas in drift and bedrock over prospective shales is associated with fresh water and may be biogenic Shallow, low temperature Antrim shale in Michigan is at least in part biogenic Best potential for thermogenic gas may be in the deeper thermally mature Blue Mountain / Collingwood shales

34 Summary Shale gas potential in Kettle Point, Marcellus, and Blue Mountain / Collingwood formations Large prospective areas Thermally immature to mature Favourable depths and thicknesses Natural gas shows reported large number in Kettle Point formation Gas is there - Can it be commercially recovered? Research project initiated by Ontario Geological Survey in 2009 Catherine Béland-Otis

35 Arch Arch Michigan Basin Appalachian Basin Chatham Sag Frontenac Ontario Bedrock Geology / 46 Lake Huron Findlay Frontenac Arch Algonquin Findlay Arch Algonquin Arch Lake Erie km Lake Ontario BEDROCK GEOLOGY Upper Devonian Middle Devonian Lower Devonian Upper Silurian Precambrian Upper Ordovician Middle Ordovician and Low Silurian Middle

36 All Gas shows associated with Kettle Point Michigan Lake Huron Ontario Lake Erie Gas shows in Kettle Point Gas shows in Hamilton Gp. Gas shows in water wells Gas shows in drift

37 Blue Mountain / Collingwood Stratigraphy Subsurface Terms Outcrop Terms Ordovician Middle Upper Upper Trenton Black River Cobourg Queenston Georgian Bay - Blue Mountain Sherman Fall Kirkfield Coboconk Gull River Shadow Lake Simcoe Queenston Georgian Bay Blue Mountain Lindsay (+ Collingwood) Verulam Bobcaygeon Gull River Shadow Lake

38 Stratigraphy Age Windsor-Essex London area Niagara Peninsula Upper Pt Lambton Sunbury Berea Bedford Kettle Point Kettle Point Devonian Middle Hamilton Ipperwash Widder Hungry Hollow Hungry Hollow Arkona Rockport Quarry Arkona Bell Marcellus Dundee Dundee Dundee Hamilton Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg De t. R. Amherstburg

39 Stratigraphy Age Windsor-Essex London area Niagara Peninsula Upper Pt Lambton Sunbury Berea Bedford Kettle Point Kettle Point Devonian Middle Hamilton Ipperwash Widder Hungry Hollow Hungry Hollow Arkona Rockport Quarry Arkona Bell Marcellus Dundee Dundee Dundee Hamilton Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg Detroit River Lucas Amherstburg De t. R. Amherstburg

40 Stratigraphic Correlations