Comparison of Local Perceptions on Brown Bear Management and Key Factors Influencing Human-Bear Encounters across the Pacific Rim

Transcription

1 Comparison of Local Perceptions on Brown Bear Management and Key Factors Influencing Human-Bear Encounters across the Pacific Rim Kim Jochum 1,2, Lilian Alessa 1, Andrew Kliskey 1, Falk Huettmann 2, Dmitry Lisitsyn 3, Susan Todd 4 1 Resilience and Adaptive Management (RAM) Group, Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage 2 Biology and Wildlife Department, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks AK 3 Sakhalin Environment Watch, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russian Far East 4 School of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks

2 Background Project We have more problems with bears, so there s got to be more bears Problem year 2008 Overall Project: Why do human-bear encounters increase? Impact of Urbanization (spatial) Classify Encounter Types: positive negative (quantitative) Analyze Perceptions of interest and user groups (qualitative)

3 Participants and Stakeholders Institution/Organisation Country Organisation Contact Name Environment Watch (SEW), Yushno Sakhalin Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Yushno Sakhalin Pacific Institute of Geography, Vladivostok UAA, RAM group Biological Sciences Dep. UAF, IAB Biology and Wildlife Dep. Russia NGO Dmitry Lisitsyn Russia Research Institute Pavel Klitorov Russia University Ivan Seriodkin USA University Lilian Alessa, Andrew Kliskey, Kim Jochum USA University Kris Hundertmark UAF, SNRAS USA University Susan Todd UWM, SILVIS lab USA University Volker Radeloff

4 Location - Duration Interest Alaska Sakhalin Oil and gas very high very high Fisheries very high very high Mining high high Forestry high high Economic growth high high Tourism very high limited Biodiversity medium medium Protected areas medium/high limited Bear conflicts increase increase Bear management yes no

5 Purpose - Vision - Goal Improve wildlife management across countries toward resilient adaptive management Show a route how to achieve resilient bear management under population growth in a changing North in the future Identify knowledge gaps across interest groups and make suggestions on how to improve this complex problem Why we think we can achieve that: Combination of social and natural science data including and relationships across space and time of this Complex System

6 Perceptions of interest and user groups State Politician s Interest Federal Interests rural Local People s interests State Managers Federal Managers urban moved in Management Culture Data availability Hunting Fishing Recreation Tourism Economic Development Brown bear Management Culture Population Urbanization Population Diversity Increase

7 Qualitative Interviews: Perceptions of interest and user groups What factors do you identify as causes of human-bear encounters? State Politician's Interest How is bear Federal management implemented? Interests rural Environmental Interests Economic Interests Political State Interests Federal Social Managers Interests Managers Cultural Interests Management Culture Perceived Change in human-bear encounters over time? Brown bear Management Data Variations across urban and rural areas? availability Hunting Fishing Recreation Variations across Countries? Tourism Economic Development urban Culture Local People s interests moved in Population Urbanization Population Diversity Increase

8 Methods Data Collected Data collected: Qualitative social survey approach 2 x 23 semi-structured interviews Participants: Adults, female and male Snowball technique: participants chosen by varying involvement in wildlife management NVivo was used for open and axial coding

9 Some Results

10 Data Management Plan so far Goal: all Open Access and long term curated Data types: Shape files (GIS), Microsoft Access; QSR Nvivo, SPSS, Remote Sensing (ERDAS Imagine & ENVI) Metadata: Spatial Data: FGDC Social Science Data: Qualitative? Quantitative?

11 Challenges - Issues Data management across disciplines Which repository? How can all data be stored together in a meaningful manner? Who would be interested in what data? Too many Repositories / Archives Limited amount of Metadata formats

12 Overview Metadata Formats Number Format Name Name Complete Website Formats existing Federal Geographic 1 FGDC Data Committee many Data Documentation 2 DDI Initiative DDI2,DDI3 Directory 3 DIF Interchange Format 4 DCMI 5 Others? Recognized Research Areas Spatial and Quantitative Data Social and Behavioral Sciences? Accuracy Detailed gcmd.nasa.gov/user/ difguide/difman.html 1? Quantitative Data? Medium Dublin Core Metadata Initiative dublincore.org 1? Medium Databases: GBIF, NSII, GCMD Other: PolarCommons (PIC), DataONE

13 Thank you for your Attention!