World Agricultural Production

Transcription

1 United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Circular Series WAP November 2017 World Agricultural Production Brazil Soybeans: Production Forecast Higher Brazil soybean production for is forecast at million metric tons (mmt), up 1.0 mmt or 1 percent from last month but down percent from last year s record. Harvested area is estimated at a record 34.9 million hectares (mha), up 0.2 mha or 1 percent from last month and up 3 percent from last year. Yield is forecast at 3.09 metric tons per hectare, up slightly from last month but down 8 percent from last year s record. Yields for 2016/17 were at record levels in many parts of the country due to a combination of exceptionally favorable weather and technological improvements. The area planted to soybeans is estimated to again increase this season at the expense of firstcrop corn. According to government and trade sources, planting intentions reflect an even Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board

2 higher preference this season for soybeans over first-crop corn, due to the large corn supply and disappointing financial returns of last year s record corn harvest. Planting of the soybean crop began in September and will continue into January. Planting progress was initially slower than average due to extremely wet conditions in the south and a delayed start to seasonal rains in the center-west and northeast regions of the country. Moisture and field conditions improved in the major growing areas in late October and early November accelerating the planting pace; however, moisture deficits continue in minor eastern and northeastern growing areas of the country. Harvest of the soybean crop begins in January. (For more information, please contact Maria.Anulacion@fas.usda.gov). Ukraine Sunseed: Harvest Nears Completion with Yield Down 11 Percent from Last Year USDA estimates Ukraine sunseed production at 13.0 million metric tons (mmt), down 0. mmt from last month and down 2.2 mmt from last year s record. The month-to-month decrease is based on harvest reports from the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food citing an 11-percent year-toyear drop in yield following four months of unrelenting dryness. Yield is estimated by USDA at 2.03 tons per hectare, down 4 percent from last month, down 14 percent from last year s record, and 1 percent below the -year average. The Ministry reports that sunseed harvest was 97 percent complete as of November 7. All USDA crop production estimates for Ukraine include estimated output from Crimea. (For more information, please contact Mark.Lindeman@fas.usda.gov.) India Peanuts: Production Revised Up USDA estimates India peanuts production at 6. million metric tons, up 18 percent from last month but down 3 percent from last year s bumper crop. This revision is due to reports of a large crop in Gujarat, which accounts for 47 percent of total kharif production. The Gujarat harvest may offset declines in the other states. A normal monsoon season was reported in Gujarat, but persistent dryness during the planting and vegetative growth stages was reported in 2

3 the other major peanut states of Andra Pradesh, Madhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra which negatively impacted yields. Yield is estimated at 1.30 metric tons per hectare, up 18 percent from last month and up 3 percent from last year. Harvested area is estimated at.0 million hectares, unchanged from last month but down 6 percent from last year due to farmers switching to cotton. Peanuts are grown in the kharif and rabi seasons and 8 percent of peanuts are grown in the kharif season (June to October) while the rest are in the rabi season (November to March). Currently, the rabi peanuts are being planted. Most of the rabi peanuts are grown in the southern regions of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Telangana. (For more information, please contact Arnella.Trent@fas.usda.gov.) Ukraine Corn: Four Months of Dryness in the Main Corn Region Drives Down Yield Ukraine corn production for is estimated at 2.0 million metric tons (mmt), down 2.0 mmt from last month and down 3.0 mmt from last year. The estimated harvested area is unchanged at 4. million hectares, up slightly from last year. The estimated yield of.6 metric tons per hectare is down 7 percent from last month, down 16 percent from last year, and 6 percent below the -year average. Dryness prevailed in the main corn production regions throughout much of the growing season, most notably in the foreststeppe zone, which accounts for over 60 percent of the country s corn production. According to data from the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food, the corn harvest was 69 percent complete as of November 7. The reported yield is down 19 percent from the same date last year, including a 24-percent year-to-year drop in the forest-steppe zone. Harvest will continue until early December. (For more information, please contact Mark.Lindeman@fas.usda.gov.) Mexico Sorghum: Lower-Than-Expected Planted Area Reduces Production USDA estimates Mexico sorghum production at 4.6 million metric tons, down 1.4 million tons or 23 percent from last month and down 2 percent from last year. Yield is estimated at 3.24 tons per hectare, down 8 percent from last month, but slightly up from last year. Yield reduction is partially due to the sugarcane aphid infestation. Harvested area is estimated at 1.42 million hectares, down 0.28 million hectares or 16 percent from last month and down 3 percent from last year. The month-to-month reduction in harvested area reflects official planting reports from Mexico s Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Foodstuffs (SAGARPA). 3

4 As of the September 30 report, sorghum planted area for the spring/summer cycle was estimated at 80,000 hectares, down 13 percent from the same date last year. For the second consecutive year, sorghum planted area significantly decreased due mainly to the continued prevalence of the sugarcane aphid. This year, efforts were put in place to mitigate the sugarcane aphid infestation, but despite the campaign, farmers opted to plant other crops such as corn, cotton and soybean. Sorghum is planted in two seasons; spring/summer (April through September), which accounts for about half of the total production, followed by fall/winter (November through March). Harvest of the spring/summer crop is roughly 10 percent complete. Planting for the fall/winter cycle is set to begin. Official reports indicate planting intentions for the fall/winter crop in Tamaulipas, the main producing state, is estimated at 0.76 million hectares, up 8 percent from the state s final planted area last year and up 6 percent from the -year average. (For additional information, please contact Justin.Jenkins@fas.usda.gov.) 4

5 Russia Corn: Harvest Reports Indicate Substantial Year-to-Year Drop in Yield USDA estimates Russia corn production for at 1.0 million metric tons (mmt), down 0.3 mmt from last month and down 0.3 mmt from last year s record output. Harvested area is estimated at a record 3.0 million hectares. The estimated yield is reduced by 2 percent, to.00 tons per hectare, based on harvest reports from the Ministry of Agriculture. As of November 7, corn harvest was complete on 60 percent of the planted area, similar to last year s pace. The reported yield is down 12 percent from the same date last year, and yield is significantly lower than last year in every major corn-producing region in the country. Harvest will continue throughout November and conclude by early December. (For more information, please contact Mark.Lindeman@fas.usda.gov.) Mali Cotton: Production Estimated at A Record Level Mali s cotton production for is estimated at a record 1.37 million 480 pound bales, up 0.1 million or 12 percent from last year s record crop. Harvested area is estimated at a record 0.73 million hectares, up 7,000 hectares or 11 percent from last year s record area. Yield is estimated at 409 kilograms per hectare, nearly the same as last year and 3 percent above the -year average. Mali s cotton is sown from May to July and harvest is from late October to December.

6 Mali s record cotton production is attributed to increased planted area resulting from strong prices and above-average yields due to favorable weather. The previous cotton production record of 1.22 million bales was set last year during the 2016/17 marketing season. Mali has been Africa s second-largest cotton producer during the past five years, behind Burkina Faso. The Sikasso region in southern Mali produces approximately 60 percent of Mali s total output. Vegetation conditions in Sikasso were average to above-average from May through September. (For more information, please contact Curt.Reynolds@fas.usda.gov.) Australia Cotton: Production Forecast Reduced Slightly The Australia cotton crop is forecast by USDA at 4.8 million 480 pound bales, down 0.2 million bales from last month but up 0.7 million or 19 percent from last year. Harvested area is estimated at 0.48 million hectares, unchanged from last month, but down 17 percent from last year. Yield is forecast at 2,117 kilograms per hectare, 6 percent above the -year average. Yield is expected to increase from last year because of a forecast decrease in the share of the area sown to lower-yielding dryland cotton. 6

7 Irrigated cotton yields are substantially higher than dryland yields and the difference widens in low-rainfall years. On average about 90 percent of Australia s total cotton production comes from irrigated areas. Dryland planting tends to vary with the seasonal weather forecast and prices at sowing. Irrigated cotton area is forecast to increase, reflecting adequate water storage levels in reservoirs supplying cotton growing regions. The notable factors this season are the increase of cotton area sown in southern New South Wales and a smaller overall dryland crop. Sorghum and cotton are the two dominant summer crops in eastern Australia. Cotton sowing commences in October and harvest begins in April. (For more information, please contact James.Crutchfield@fas.usda.gov). Russia Wheat: High Siberian Yield Further Boosts Output Russia wheat production for is estimated at 83.0 million metric tons (mmt), up 1.0 mmt from last month and topping last year s record output by 10. mmt. Yield is estimated at 3.06 tons per hectare, 14 percent above last year s record. The month-to-month increase is based on harvest reports from the Ministry of Agriculture citing outstanding yields in the Siberian District, which accounts for almost half of the country s spring wheat. The Ministry reports that this year s Siberian wheat yield is second only to the 2009 record. The Russian wheat harvest is essentially finished, with bunker-weight output (prior to cleaning and drying) reported at 87.0 mmt. The final net weight for wheat is typically 9 to 96 percent of the bunker weight. The USDA wheat production estimate for Russia excludes estimated output of roughly 1.0 mmt from Crimea. (For more information, please contact Mark.Lindeman@fas.usda.gov.) 7

8 India Rice: Estimated Rice Production Slightly Down USDA estimates India rice production for at 107. million metric tons (milled), down about 2 percent from last year s record crop. The decrease was mainly due to a drop in harvested area. Harvested area is estimated at 42.7 million hectares, down 4 percent from last month but up 1 percent from last year. Rough yield is estimated at 3.78 kilograms per hectare, down 1 percent from the previous year. India s Ministry of Agriculture reported on September 21 that kharif rice planting was down slightly from 2016/17. The decrease was due to farmers switching from rice to cotton in central states such as Maharashtra and Punjab. Decreases in harvested area were reported in the southern regions of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and in the central India state of Maharashtra due to persistently dry conditions. Monsoon rainfall was near normal across most eastern rice areas. Despite lower-than-normal rainfall in Chhattisgarh, yields are the second highest on record. (For more information, please contact Arnella.Trent@fas.usda.gov.) 8

9 World Agricultural Production U.S. Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service / International Production Assessment Division (IPAD) Ag Box 101, Room 4630, South Building Washington, DC Telephone: (202) Fax: (202) This report uses information from the Foreign Agricultural Service s (FAS) global network of agricultural attachés and counselors, official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, and the analysis of economic data and satellite imagery. Estimates of foreign area, yield, and production are from the International Production Assessment Division, FAS, and are reviewed by USDA s Inter-Agency Commodity Estimates Committee. Estimates of U.S. area, yield, and production are from USDA s National Agricultural Statistics Service. Numbers within the report may not add to totals because of rounding. This report reflects official USDA estimates released in the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE-71), November 9, Printed copies are available from the National Technical Information Service. Download an order form at or call NTIS at The FAS International Production Assessment Division prepared this report. The next issue of World Agricultural Production will be released after 12:00 p.m. Eastern Time, December 12, Conversion Table Metric tons to bushels Wheat, soybeans = MT * Corn, sorghum, rye = MT * Barley = MT * Oats = MT * Metric tons to 480-lb bales Cotton = MT * Metric tons to hundredweight Rice = MT * Area & weight 1 hectare = acres 1 kilogram = pounds 9

10 For further information, contact: U.S. Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service International Production Assessment Division Ag Box 101, Room 4630, South Building Washington, DC Telephone: (202) Fax: (202) GENERAL INFORMATION Director Ronald Frantz Deputy Director Robert Tetrault Administrative Assistant Shelisa Johnson USDA Remote Sensing Advisor Glenn Bethel Sr. Analyst/Satellite Imagery Curt Reynolds, Ph.D Archives Manager/Technical Lead Sr. Analyst/ Technical Lead Dath Mita, Ph.D Sr. Analyst/ Global Special Jim Crutchfield Projects Manager/Technical Lead Sr. Analyst/Technical Lead Vacant GIS Analyst/WAP Coordinator Justin Jenkins COUNTRY- AND REGION-SPECIFIC INFORMATION South America, Argentina, Venezuela, Denise McWilliams, Ph.D and Colombia Western and Central Europe, Bryan Purcell and North Africa Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan Mark Lindeman South Asia, Sri Lanka Arnella Trent Bangladesh, India, and Nepal East Asia, China, and Japan Dath Mita, Ph.D Sub-Saharan Africa, Curt Reynolds, Ph.D Nigeria and South Africa S.E. Asia, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Michael Shean Cambodia and Vietnam Central America, Mexico, Justin Jenkins and Western United States Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan Jim Crutchfield Papua New Guinea and South Pacific Islands Middle East, Central Asia, Afghanistan Bill Baker, Ph.D Iraq, Iran, and Syria Canada, Caribbean, Katie McGaughey Eastern United States Brazil Maria Anulacion

11 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD) database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:1 p.m. FAS Reports and Databases: Current World Market and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports: Archives World Market and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports: Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): EU Countries Area & Production Estimates Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports): Export Sales Report: Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports): Other USDA Reports: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE): Economic Research Service: National Agricultural Statistics Service:

12 Table 01 World Crop Production Summary Million Metric Tons Commodity World - - Total Foreign - North America United States North America Canada - North America Mexico - Former Soviet Russia - Former Soviet Ukraine - Europea n - Asia (WAP) China - Asia (WAP) India - South America Brazil - Asia (WAP) Indonesia Asia (WAP) Pakistan Asia (WAP) Thailand South America Argentina Selected Other Australia Selected Other South Africa Selected Other Turkey - All Others - ---Million metric tons--- Wheat 201/ nr /17 prel nr proj. Oct nr Nov nr Coarse Grains 201/16 1, nr /17 prel. 1, nr proj. Oct 1, nr Nov 1, nr Rice, Milled 201/ nr /17 prel nr proj. Oct nr Nov nr Total Grains 201/16 2, , nr /17 prel. 2,60.8 2, nr proj. Oct 2,4.3 2, nr Nov 2,.7 2, nr Oilseeds 201/ nr /17 prel nr proj. Oct nr Nov nr Cotton 201/ /17 prel proj. Oct Nov / Includes wheat, coarse grains, and rice (milled) shown above.

13 Table 02 Wheat Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign European Union China South Asia India Pakistan Afghanistan Nepal Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Belarus Canada South America Argentina Brazil Uruguay Australia Africa Egypt Morocco Ethiopia Algeria Middle East Turkey Iran Iraq Syria Mexico Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

14 Table 03 Total Coarse Grain Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World , , , , United States Total Foreign China European Union South America Brazil Argentina Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine Kazakhstan Belarus Africa Nigeria South Africa Tanzania Burkina Ethiopia Egypt Mali India Southeast Asia Indonesia Philippines Vietnam Thailand Mexico Canada Australia Middle East Turkey Iran Others World and Selected Countries and Regions; Coarse Grain includes: Barley, Corn, Millet, Mixed Grains, Oats, Rye and Sorghum

15 Table 04 Corn Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World , , , United States Total Foreign China South America Brazil Argentina Bolivia European Union Africa South Africa Nigeria Ethiopia Egypt Tanzania Malawi Zambia Kenya Uganda Zimbabwe Former Soviet Union - 12 Ukraine Russia South Asia India Pakistan Nepal Southeast Asia Indonesia Philippines Vietnam Thailand Mexico Canada Turkey Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

16 Table 0 Barley Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign European Union Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine Kazakhstan Belarus Azerbaijan Canada Australia Middle East Turkey Iran Iraq Syria Africa Ethiopia Morocco Algeria Tunisia South Africa South America Argentina Uruguay Brazil India China Mexico Afghanistan Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

17 Table 06 Oats Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign European Union Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine Belarus Kazakhstan Canada South America Argentina Brazil Chile Uruguay Oceania Australia New Zealand China Africa Algeria Morocco South Africa Other Europe Norway Serbia Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Mexico Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

18 Table 07 Rye Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign European Union Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Belarus Ukraine Kazakhstan Turkey Canada South America Chile Argentina Other Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina Switzerland Serbia Australia Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

19 Table 08 Sorghum Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign Africa Nigeria Ethiopia Sudan Burkina Mali Niger Cameroon Tanzania Egypt Uganda Ghana Mozambique South Africa Mexico South America Argentina Brazil South Asia India Pakistan China Australia European Union Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

20 Table 09 Rice Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 World and Selected Countries and Regions Area Yield Production Change in Production (Million hectares) (Metric tons per hectare) (Million metric tons) Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign East Asia China Japan Korea, South Korea, North South Asia India Bangladesh Pakistan Nepal Sri Lanka Southeast Asia Indonesia Vietnam Thailand Burma Philippines Cambodia Laos Malaysia South America Brazil Peru Africa Egypt Madagascar Nigeria European Union Iran Others Yield is on a rough basis, before the milling process. Production is on a milled basis, after the milling process.

21 Country / Region 201/16 Table 10 Total Oilseed Area, Yield, and Production World and Selected Countries and Regions Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World Total Total Foreign Oilseed, Copra Oilseed, Palm Kernel Major OilSeeds United States Foreign Oilseeds South America Brazil Argentina Paraguay Bolivia Uruguay China South Asia India Pakistan European Union Former Soviet Union Russia Ukraine Uzbekistan Canada Africa Nigeria South Africa Tanzania Southeast Asia Indonesia Burma Australia Turkey Others World Total and Total Foreign: (Major Oilseeds plus copra and palm kernel) Major Oilseeds: (soybeans, sunflowerseeds, peanuts(inshell), cottonseed and rapeseed)

22 Table 11 Soybean Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign South America Brazil Argentina Paraguay Bolivia Uruguay East Asia China Korea, South Korea, North Japan India Canada Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine European Union Southeast Asia Indonesia Vietnam Thailand Burma Serbia Mexico Africa South Africa Nigeria Zambia Uganda Middle East Iran Turkey Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

23 Table 12 Cottonseed Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign South Asia India Pakistan China Former Soviet Union - 12 Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Tajikistan Kazakhstan South America Brazil Argentina Middle East Turkey Syria Iran Australia European Union Africa Burkina Mali Cameroon Cote d'ivoire Benin Tanzania Egypt Nigeria Uganda Zimbabwe Sudan Mexico Burma Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

24 Table 13 Peanut Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign China Africa Nigeria Sudan Senegal Cameroon Ghana Chad Malawi Congo (Kinshasa) Niger Mali Uganda Burkina Guinea Egypt Central African Republic South Africa Mozambique Cote d'ivoire Benin South Asia India Pakistan Southeast Asia Indonesia Burma Vietnam Thailand South America Argentina Brazil Mexico Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

25 Table 14 Sunflowerseed Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine Kazakhstan European Union South America Argentina Uruguay Bolivia Brazil Paraguay China South Asia India Pakistan Middle East Turkey Iran Israel Africa Egypt Morocco South Africa Burma Canada Australia Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

26 Table 1 Rapeseed Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Metric tons per hectare) Production (Million metric tons) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent World United States Total Foreign European Union Canada China South Asia India Pakistan Bangladesh Former Soviet Union - 12 Russia Ukraine Belarus Kazakhstan Australia South America Chile Paraguay Switzerland Ethiopia Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

27 Table 16 Copra, Palm Kernel, and Palm Oil Production Country / Region 201/16 Production Change in Production (Million metric tons) Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov MMT Percent MMT Percent Oilseed, Copra Philippines Indonesia India Vietnam Mexico Papua New Guinea Thailand Sri Lanka Solomon Islands Cote d'ivoire World Oilseed, Palm Kernel Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Nigeria Colombia Guatemala Papua New Guinea Honduras Ecuador Cameroon World Oil, Palm Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Colombia Nigeria Guatemala Ecuador Honduras Papua New Guinea Ghana World World and Selected Countries and Regions

28 Table 17 Cotton Area, Yield, and Production Country / Region 201/16 Area (Million hectares) Yield (Kilograms per hectare) Production (Million 480 lb. bales) Change in Production Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. Prel. Proj. From last month From last year 2016/17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov 201/ /17 Oct Nov MBales Percent MBales Percent World United States , Total Foreign South Asia India Pakistan China ,70 1,708 1,707 1, South America Brazil ,34 1,621 1,44 1, Argentina Paraguay Africa Burkina Mali Cote d'ivoire Benin Egypt Cameroon Tanzania Nigeria Zimbabwe Ethiopia Former Soviet Union - 12 Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Tajikistan Kazakhstan Middle East Turkey ,9 1,742 1,799 1, Syria ,034 1, Iran Australia ,989 1,20 2,268 2, Mexico ,44 1,61 1,619 1, Burma Others World and Selected Countries and Regions

29 TABLE 18 Note: Tables on pages 3-37 present a record of the November projection and the final Estimate. Using world wheat production as an example, the "root mean square error" means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90% confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.1 percent. The average difference between the November projection and the final estimate is. million tons, ranging from 0.1 million to 18.1 million tons. The November projection has been below the estimate 27 times and above 9 times. RELIABILITY OF PRODUCTION PROJECTIONS 1/ COMMODITY AND REGION Root mean square error 90 percent confidence interval Difference between forecast and final estimate Average Smallest Largest Below final Years Above final Percent ---Million metric tons--- WHEAT World U.S. Foreign COARSE GRAINS 2/ World U.S. Foreign RICE (Milled) World U.S. Foreign SOYBEANS World U.S. Foreign COTTON World U.S. Foreign UNITED STATES CORN SORGHUM BARLEY Million 480-lb. bales Million bushels OATS / Marketing years 1981/82 through 2016/17 for grains, soybeans, and cotton. Final for grains, soybeans, and cotton is defined as the first November estimate following the marketing year for 1981/82 through 201/16, and for 2016/17 the last month s estimate. 2/ Includes corn, sorghum, barley, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grain November 2017, FAS, USDA

30 $/MT COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW For, global corn production is up this month with a record yield forecast for the U.S. crop more than offsetting reductions for Ukraine and Russia. Global corn trade is driven higher by Mexico and the United States. Imports for Mexico are raised reflecting stronger feed use in light of tightening domestic sorghum supplies. U.S. exports are raised reflecting strong sales, reduced competitor supplies, and relatively competitive FOB bids into early The U.S. season-average farm price remains unchanged at $3.20 per bushel. 200 Corn Daily FOB Export Bids Argentina Up River Black Sea Brazil Paranagua US Gulf PRICES Global corn prices mostly declined from last month s WASDE due mainly to harvest pressure from the United States. Argentine bids fell $3/ton to $146 approaching a historic low due to reduced demand and sales. Black Sea bids are up $3/ton this month to $164 due to tighter supplies in the region. Brazilian bids were relatively unchanged this month. U.S. quotes dropped $2/ton to $17. 16

31 FEATURE East Asia: An Important Region for Competition Between U.S. and Brazilian Corn U.S. Exports to East Asian Markets Surged But Brazil s Global Exports Forecast to Rebound MMT MMT U.S. Brazil -Year Average 2016/17 East Asian markets have been the foreground for competition between Brazil and U.S. corn exports. Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are significant importers (accounting for roughly 20 percent of global corn trade) that source primarily from both countries, as exporters prices play a pivotal role in expanding market share. U.S. shipments to all three markets surged in 2016/17 as a result of competitive prices relative to Brazil, where an early end to the rainy season in the Center-West reduced exportable supplies, resulting in a price premium to U.S corn. However, Brazil s exports have recovered with a record crop in 2017 (nearly 70 million metric tons of second-crop production) that supports a record export forecast for. Shipments to Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan garner about one-quarter of Brazil s global exports, so expectations of retaining significant market share in underpin the projection. In contrast, U.S. corn exports are forecast down without the price advantage over Brazil from the previous year. 0 U.S. 2016/17 Brazil Note: Trade Year Basis (Oct-Sep); East Asian Markets includes Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan Average FOB Price for September and October $190 $180 $170 $160 $10 Brazil U.S. Trade policies for corn in all three markets are favorable for the United States and Brazil, with both countries subject to zero duties. 1 With neither country having a clear advantage, FOB prices and freights costs are expected to play a prominent role. Demand growth in these Asian markets is expected to be steady, nevertheless, these major importers are expected to take advantage of historically low corn prices to displace feed wheat in, and supports forecast record global corn trade. $ Source: International Grains Council 1 South Korea s TRQ for feed corn is 10 million metric tons duty-free. 17

32 TRADE CHANGES IN Selected Exporters U.S. corn is up 1. million tons to 48. million on strong sales to date and expectations of improved competitiveness. Ukraine corn is cut 1.0 million tons to 20. million on lower production. Exports for 2016/17 are shaved 200,000 tons to 21.3 million. Canada barley is up 200,000 tons to 1. million on higher demand for China. Russia barley is boosted 300,000 tons to 4.8 million on expectations of supporting higher global demand for feedstuffs. Selected Importers Mexico corn is raised 1.0 million tons to 16. million on expectations of greater feed use and to partly offset tight supplies of domestic sorghum that are damaged by the continued prevalence of the sugarcane aphid. South Korea corn is trimmed 00,000 tons to 9.7 million on slower demand for feed corn as a result of expected higher use of rice in feed rations. Canada corn is up 200,000 tons to 1.0 million on expectations of greater use of less expensive corn replacing feed barley. China barley is chased up another 1.0 million tons to 6. million on expectations of higher demand for feedstuffs. Imports for 2016/17 are boosted 00,000 tons to 8.1 million. Saudi Arabia barley is cut 00,000 tons to 8. million on forecast higher consumption of compound feed. Imports for 2016/17 are slashed 1 million tons to 9. million. TRADE CHANGES IN 2016/17 Selected Exporters based on trade data Australia barley is lowered 300,000 tons to 9.2 million. Selected Importers based on trade data China corn is cut 00,000 tons to 2. million. Taiwan corn is trimmed 400,000 tons to 4.2 million. Venezuela corn is boosted 200,000 tons to 1.2 million 18

33 World Coarse Grain Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina 16,630 21,003 2,290 26,60 29,30 29,30 Australia 7,004 7,286 6,389 10,273 6,72 6,72 Brazil 22,09 21,94 3,41 19,770 36,01 36,01 Canada,482 3,99 4,687 4,989 4,0 4,70 European Union 7,841 1,068 10,934 7,730 8,00 8,00 Mexico ,9 1,300 1,300 1,300 Paraguay 2,718 3,031 2,677 1,91 2,1 2,1 Russia 7,074 9,1 8,46 9,09 10,060 10,360 South Africa 2, ,13 1,910 1,910 Ukraine 24,12 24,208 21,47 27,040 26,310 2,310 Others 13,004 10,89 7,90 9,128 6,660 6,660 Subtotal 108,66 117,447 12,42 119, ,3 132,8 United States 6,776 6,419 9,230 61,798 2,61 4,11 World Total 16, , , ,778 18, ,970 TY Imports Algeria 4,946 4,863,224 4,67,42,42 Bangladesh ,042 1,10 1,100 1,100 Chile 1,621 1,707 1,744 1,717 2,220 2,220 China 12,44 2,699 17,499 16,0 13,700 14,700 Colombia 4,79 4,747 4,824,034,33,33 Dominican Republic 1,011 1,202 1,31 1,300 1,400 1,400 Egypt 8,77 7,940 8,849 9,10 10,100 10,100 European Union 16,3 9,408 14,261 1,49 16, 16, Guatemala , ,100 1,100 Iran 6,600 8,000 8,300 9,900 11,300 11,300 Israel 2,073 1,603 1,10 2,1 1,79 1,79 Japan 17,01 16,726 17,070 17,000 16,720 16,720 Jordan 1,672 1,49 1,722 1,90 1,700 1,700 Kenya ,230 1,300 1,300 Korea, South 10,499 10,24 10,192 9,296 10,270 9,770 Libya 1,493 1,68 1,90 2,12 2,100 2,100 Malaysia 3,48 3,238 4,134 3,00 4,000 4,000 Mexico 11,312 11,640 14,881 1,170 1,900 16,900 Morocco 2,88 2,217 3,182 2,404 3,000 3,000 Peru 2,336 2,863 3,083 3,340 3,420 3,420 Saudi Arabia 11,332 11,11 13,992 13,010 13,10 13,010 Taiwan 4,346 3,938 4,781 4,300 4,600 4,600 Tunisia 1,449 1,2 1,713 1,80 1,900 1,900 Venezuela 2,627 2,433 1,738 1,202 1,600 1,600 Vietnam 4,300 6,700 8,600 8,00 9,00 9,00 Others 20,71 22,939 23,379 24,4 18,36 18,626 Subtotal 16,281 16, , , , ,176 Unaccounted,738 4,98 4,479 1,388 4,14 4,244 United States 3,323 3,296 3,981 3,422 3,0 3,0 World Total 16, , , ,778 18, ,970 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

34 World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 49,004 49,004 48,69 38,439 36,782 3,66 Argentina 11,426 11,426 16,833 12,44 12,60 12,18 Australia 97,601 97, ,33 69,129 87,714 82,634 Brazil 2, 2, 2,818 2,619 21,992 28,74 Canada 223, , , , ,40 22,062 China 13,03 13,03 12,700 13,03 14,442 13,078 Ethiopia 10, ,977 12,212 12, ,670 19,212 European Union 42,240 42,240 44,30 38,701 43,076 43,216 India 11,30 11,30 10,900 10,00 9,000 9,100 Indonesia 31,62 33,02 33,31 32,378 32,689 32,06 Mexico 18,80 18,80 19,33 16,681 18,917 14,633 Nigeria 43,300 43,600 40,76 37,427 40,386 3,73 Russia 12,948 12,948 18,037 8,67 11,110 1,18 South Africa 13,043 13,643 10,893 14,243 9,393 13,074 Turkey 34,990 36,990 39,2 33,387 39,389 40,022 Ukraine 160, , ,92 18, ,410 16,200 Others 939, , , , , ,117 Subtotal 383, , , , , ,089 United States 1,322,1 1,319,37 1,36,311 1,260,137 1,312,214 1,283,206 World Total Domestic Consumption 17,384 17,384 16,234 14,321 14,232 13,69 Argentina 64,70 64,70 63,892 60,243 60,048 8,03 Brazil 22,94 22,94 21,676 21,236 21,29 22,34 Canada 260,080 29,080 22, , , ,196 China 16,88 16,88 16,027 1,803 14,832 14,122 Egypt 160, , ,490 17,20 162,92 164,401 European Union 43,0 43,0 42,900 40,170 40,40 37,600 India 17,720 17,720 1,620 13,820 12,020 11,320 Iran 17,062 17,01 17,24 17,27 16,874 17,70 Japan 48,190 48,490 46,89 44,71 42,17 40,93 Mexico 19,10 19,10 19,30 16,641 18,776 14,668 Nigeria 32,800 33,200 32,22 29,71 31,139 28,219 Russia 14,60 1,10 13,0 14,10 11,90 11,411 Saudi Arabia 13,18 14,018 13,093 14,093 13,023 13,414 Turkey 13,400 13,600 12,900 12,200 9,400 8,200 Vietnam 2,411 26,606 26,129 20,00 21,60 244,314 Others 1,023,107 1,02,06 1,028, ,419 96, ,162 Subtotal 329, , ,43 312,97 311,339 30,044 United States 1,32,389 1,32,238 1,3,709 1,2,016 1,276,833 1,236,206 World Total Ending Stocks 7,336 7,136 6,916 3,181 4,274 3,169 Argentina 9,413 9,413 9,727 7,072 8,239 14,26 Brazil 3,87 3,990 4,9 4,667 3,334 4,648 Canada 80,074 80,9 102, ,01 101,917 82,44 China 13,89 13,182 14,68 1,448 18,88 1,6 European Union 6,34 6,34 7,114 7,174 7,134,094 Iran,216,318 6,181,889 4,832 3,487 Mexico 40,473 41,139 47,363 48,424 1,334 48,431 Others 166, , , , , ,203 Subtotal 6,42 62,128 62,212 48,112 46,948 34,313 United States 231, ,2 261,620 22, , ,16 World Total

35 Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 1,349 16,649 19,93 19,11 20,310 21,10 Central America 2,923 3,46 3,938 3,80 4,100 4,100 Caribbean 2,330 2,444 2,97 2,601 2,840 2,840 South America 13,180 13,3 13,876 1,068 14,300 14,300 European Union ,3 9,408 14,261 1,49 16, 16, Former Soviet Union Middle East 26,47 27,99 29,74 32,162 32,28 31,78 North Africa 19,21 18,230 20,873 20,19 22,2 22,2 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,166 4,119 6,160 6,861 4,260 4,260 East Asia 44,86 6,6 49,76 46,721 4,340 4,840 Southeast Asia 12,814 14,736 1,810 13,981 1,11 1,11 Others 1,819 1,872 2,941 3,04 3,171 3,176 Total 19, , , , ,46 182,726 Production North America 427, ,91 42, ,74 434, ,2 South America 133, , , , , ,612 European Union , ,670 12,687 12, ,977 10,431 Other Europe 8,992 10,927 9,271 11,328 7,337 7,337 Former Soviet Union ,89 91,821 82,1 92,187 93,149 90,849 Middle East 22,274 17,931 23,16 19,70 22,306 21,76 North Africa 11,81 10,927 12,289 9,263 10,807 10,807 Sub-Saharan Africa 101, ,183 98, , ,43 108,43 East Asia 227,42 22, ,94 230,094 22,701 22,612 South Asia 4,221 4,182 0,176 6,411 4,774 4,774 Southeast Asia 31,006 30,949 31,0 33,814 34,833 34,83 Oceania 12,794 13,283 13,236 17,408 11,996 11,996 Others 4,967 4, 4,207 4,699 4,699 4,699 Total 1,283,206 1,312,214 1,260,137 1,36,311 1,319,37 1,322,1 Domestic Consumption North America 368, , ,48 396, , ,417 South America 9,33 98,606 99, ,47 106,98 107,008 European Union , ,92 17,20 160, , ,100 Other Europe 7,803 8,347 8,61 8,968 8,047 8,047 Former Soviet Union ,361 8,273 3,440 6,027 6,994,844 Middle East 46,218 4,632 1,742 2,36 6,024,074 North Africa 28,09 30,168 32,142 31,408 33,183 33,183 Sub-Saharan Africa 100, , , , , ,181 East Asia 27, ,48 272, , ,89 294,000 South Asia 48,96 2,09 3,186 6,401 7,699 7,704 Southeast Asia 39,043 41,183 43,892 4,662 46,800 46,600 Oceania,74,846 6,429 6,429 6,111 6,111 Others 10,017 10,27 10,716 11,076 11,486 11,36 Total 1,228,07 1,260,414 1,272,911 1,328,736 1,346,789 1,346,80 Ending Stocks North America 42,448,114 8,668 73,348 71,436 74,43 South America 21,27 1,971 14,719 20,216 20,09 20,10 European Union ,6 18,88 1,448 14,68 13,182 13,89 Other Europe 818 1, , Former Soviet Union ,399 7,916 6,249 6,744 6,019,824 Middle East 11,820 12,620 14,307 13,408 11,730 11,630 North Africa,638,349,866 3,920 4,09 4,09 Sub-Saharan Africa 9,33 12,16 9,020 10,206 8,748 8,748 East Asia 86,6 10, , ,76 84,84 84,128 South Asia 4,02,187 3,16 4,283 2,879 2,879 Southeast Asia 4,324 4,166 4,700 3,461 3,446 3,134 Oceania 1,119 1,639 1,94 2,03 1,04 1,040 Others ,074 1,069 Total 211,16 246,897 22, , ,2 231,782 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

36 World Corn Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports 27,000 27,000 23,00 21,678 18,448 12,846 Argentina 36,000 36,000 19,764 3,382 21,909 22,041 Brazil 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,000 1,20 1,100 Burma 1,300 1,300 1,38 1, ,939 Canada 1,00 1,00 2,000 1,949 4,027 2,404 European Union 1,300 1,300 1,300 1, Mexico 2,00 2,00 1,900 2,662 3,012 2,714 Paraguay,00,00,00 4,691 3,213 4,194 Russia 1,900 1,900 2, ,104 South Africa 20,00 21,00 21,300 16,9 19,661 20,004 Ukraine 4,21 4,21 6,269,666 8,114 10,292 Others 102,91 103,91 86,281 93,70 81,9 80,139 Subtotal 48,00 47,000,3 1,16 46,831 0,691 United States 11,41 10,91 141, , , ,830 World Total TY Imports 4,700 4,700 4,000 4,329 4,116 4,16 Algeria 1,100 1,100 1,10 1, Bangladesh 1, , Canada 2,000 2,000 1,600 1,39 1,16 1,46 Chile 3,000 3,000 2,464 3,174,16 3,277 China,000,000 4,748 4,48 4,496 4,436 Colombia 1,000 1, Cuba 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,31 1,202 1,011 Dominican Republic 10,000 10,000 9,000 8,776 7,841 8,726 Egypt 16,000 16,000 14,800 13,768 8,908 16,014 European Union 1,100 1, , Guatemala 10,000 10,000 8,00 6,600 6,100,00 Iran 1,400 1,400 1,700 1,12 1,296 1,62 Israel 1,000 1,000 1,169 1,201 14,67 1,121 Japan 1,200 1,200 1, Kenya 9,700 10,200 9,231 10,121 10,168 10,406 Korea, South 4,000 4,000 3,00 4,134 3,238 3,48 Malaysia 16,00 1,00 14,00 14,011 11,341 10,949 Mexico 2,00 2,00 2,000 2,224 1,941 2,349 Morocco 3,300 3,300 3,10 2,98 2,741 2,232 Peru 4,00 4,00 3,00 3,83 2,904 2,684 Saudi Arabia 4,00 4,00 4,200 4,66 3,810 4,179 Taiwan 1,300 1,300 1,20 1,017 1, Tunisia 1,600 1,600 1,200 1,738 2,433 2,626 Venezuela 9,00 9,00 8,00 8,600 6,700 4,300 Vietnam 1,03 14,96 20,023 19,192 18,481 17,099 Others 146,33 14,6 139, , ,832 12,862 Subtotal 3,780 4,00 1,103 6,399 2,749 4,241 Unaccounted 1,300 1,300 1,40 1, United States 11,41 10,91 141, , , ,830 World Total TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

37 World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production Argentina 26,000 29,70 29,00 41,000 42,000 42,000 Brazil 80,000 8,000 67,000 98,00 9,000 9,000 Canada 14,194 11,487 13,9 13,200 14,100 14,100 China 218,489 21, , ,4 21,000 21,000 Egypt,800,960 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 Ethiopia 6,492 7,23 6,800 6,30 6,00 6,00 European Union 64,931 7,734 8,748 61,09 9,38 9,8 India 24,29 24,170 22,70 26,260 2,000 2,000 Indonesia 9,100 9,000 10,00 10,900 11,30 11,30 Mexico 22,880 2,480 2,971 27,6 26,200 26,200 Nigeria 8,423 10,791 9,40 10,7 10,00 10,00 Philippines 7,32 7,671 6,970 8,087 8,300 8,300 Russia 11,63 11,32 13,168 1,30 1,300 1,000 South Africa 14,92 10,629 8,214 17,47 12,00 12,00 Ukraine 30,900 28,40 23,333 28,000 27,000 2,000 Others 99,27 103, ,84 99, , ,79 Subtotal 644, , ,30 689, , ,614 United States 31, ,091 34,06 384, , ,286 World Total 996,089 1,023, ,86 1,074,762 1,038,796 1,043,900 Total Consumption Argentina 8,800 9,300 9,300 11,200 12,00 12,00 Brazil,000 7,000 7,00 60,00 61,00 61,00 Canada 12,67 12,820 12,34 12,700 13,800 14,000 China 208, , ,00 232, , ,000 Egypt 13,200 13,900 14,80 1,100 1,900 1,900 European Union 76,796 77,880 73,00 73,00 74,700 74,700 India 19,600 22,30 23,0 2,000 2,800 2,800 Indonesia 11,900 12,200 12,100 12,300 12,200 12,200 Iran 6,800 7,400 8,800 10,800 13,100 13,100 Japan 1,000 14,600 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 Korea, South 9,891 10,20 10,123 9,410 10,300 9,800 Mexico 31,700 34,0 37,300 40,400 41,200 42,300 Nigeria 8,00 10,700 9,600 11,00 10,900 10,900 South Africa 11,00 11,60 10,970 13,12 11,700 11,700 Vietnam 8,200 9,400 12,200 12,900 13,600 13,400 Others 17, ,62 164, , , ,917 Subtotal 661, ,02 669, , , ,84 United States 292,98 301, ,78 313,812 31, ,769 World Total 94,8 987, ,968 1,062,611 1,064,828 1,066,623 Ending Stocks Argentina 1,408 2,898 1,461,766 6,071 6,271 Brazil 13,972 7,842 6,769 9,269 9,069 9,069 China 81, , , ,71 79,198 78,66 European Union 6,891 9,626 6,693 7,088 6,272 6,473 Iran 4,476,716 6,06 6,296,736,736 Mexico 2,603 4,090,213,78 4,778 4,678 South Africa 2,198 2,448 1,096 2,996 2,196 2,196 Others 30,018 32,478 32,247 30,80 28,19 27,87 Subtotal 142,889 16,70 170, , ,1 140,67 United States 31,292 43,974 44,123 8,29 9,441 63,18 World Total 174, ,44 214, ,83 200,96 203,860

38 Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 12,34 13,686 16,742 16,777 17,600 18,800 Central America 2,922 3,46 3,938 3,80 4,100 4,100 South America 12,02 12,042 12,462 13,642 12,870 12,870 European Union ,014 8,908 13,768 14,800 16,000 16,000 Former Soviet Union Middle East 13,672 1,147 14,896 18,271 20,000 20,000 North Africa 17,036 1,624 16,927 16,90 19,300 19,300 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,491 3,326,411 6,001 3,380 3,380 East Asia 33,07 34,198 33,186 31,134 32,70 32,20 Southeast Asia 12,768 14,722 1,79 13,966 1,100 1,100 Caribbean 2,330 2,444 2,97 2,99 2,840 2,840 Others 1,468 1,88 2,379 2,332 2,4 2,0 Total 126,89 12, , , ,86 147,63 Production North America 388, ,08 38,036 42,43 403, ,86 South America 118, ,72 110, , , ,181 European Union ,931 7,734 8,748 61,09 9,38 9,8 Other Europe 7,297 9,132 7,427 9,407,484,484 Former Soviet Union ,034 43,91 39,872 47,299 46,0 44,20 Middle East 8,763 7,78 9,213 8,87 9,128 9,128 North Africa,919 6,08 6,096 6,130 6,201 6,201 Sub-Saharan Africa 64,99 67,271 60,982 69,293 67,769 67,769 East Asia 220,82 217,99 226, , ,39 217,29 South Asia 34,100 34,100 32,861 37,063 36,286 36,286 Central America 3,817 3,416 3,124 3,80 3,600 3,600 Southeast Asia 30,724 30,6 31,2 33,24 34,43 34,293 Others 1,321 1,43 1,280 1,360 1,278 1,278 Total 996,089 1,023, ,86 1,074,762 1,038,796 1,043,900 Domestic Consumption North America 337, , , , , ,069 South America 84,206 87,426 88,171 91,908 9,3 9,40 European Union ,796 77,880 73,00 73,00 74,700 74,700 Other Europe,897 6,297 6,622 6,920,99,99 Former Soviet Union ,7 20,807 19,32 20,084 20,010 19,160 Middle East 20,19 21,749 23,1 26,09 29,480 29,480 North Africa 20,800 22,100 22,990 23,420 2,200 2,200 Sub-Saharan Africa 63,399 67,80 66,127 69,42 69,332 69,332 East Asia 239,18 233, , , ,20 271,60 South Asia 29,782 32,773 3,141 37,191 38,8 38,90 Southeast Asia 38,74 40,849 43,84 4,360 46,00 46,300 Central America 6,600 6,710 7,030 7,30 7,90 7,90 Others 3,81 3,984 3,909 3,937 4,06 4,11 Total 948, , ,632 1,03,703 1,09,926 1,061,86 Ending Stocks North America 3,49 49,466 1,79 6,91 66,212 69,741 South America 19,028 13,813 12,334 18,267 18,309 18,408 European Union ,891 9,626 6,693 7,088 6,272 6,473 Other Europe , Former Soviet Union ,684 3,164 2,93 3,143 2,63 2,418 Middle East,971 7,03 7,49 7,61 7,114 7,114 North Africa 3,110 3,196 2,979 2,664 2,9 2,9 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,361 9,3 7,0 8,222 7,129 7,129 East Asia 84, , , ,9 82,867 82,404 South Asia 2,937 3,834 2,444 3,133 2,104 2,104 Southeast Asia 4,318 4,160 4,694 3,461 3,446 3,134 Central America Others Total 174, ,44 214, ,83 200,96 203,860 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

39 World Barley Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina 2,829 1,99 2,836 2,700 1,700 1,700 Australia 6,261,266,401 9,193,800,800 Canada 1,714 1,386 1,146 1,770 1,300 1,00 European Union 4,926 10,642 8,603,400 6,200 6,200 Kazakhstan Moldova Russia 2,791,807 3,73 3,0 4,00 4,800 Turkey Ukraine 3,827 4,332 4,673,00 4,600 4,600 Uruguay Others Subtotal 23,86 29,803 27,384 29,43 2,080 2,80 United States World Total 23,922 30,094 27,4 29,78 2,210 2,710 TY Imports Algeria Belarus Brazil China 4,891 9,89,869 8,104,00 6,00 Colombia Egypt European Union India Iran 1,100 1,900 1,700 1,400 1,300 1,300 Israel Japan 1,294 1,097 1,14 1,197 1,100 1,100 Jordan Kuwait Libya 681 1,001 1,324 1,42 1,300 1,300 Mexico Morocco Saudi Arabia 8,00 8,200 10,400 9,00 9,000 8,00 Syria Tunisia United Arab Emirates Others 1,739 1,709 1,191 1,787 1,006 1,006 Subtotal 23,029 28,403 28,07 29,487 24,686 2,186 Unaccounted 370 1, United States World Total 23,922 30,094 27,4 29,78 2,210 2,710 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

40 World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 2,70 2,70 3,300 4,940 2,900 4,70 Argentina 8,000 8,000 13,414 8,993 8,646 9,174 Australia 1,900 1,900 1,23 1,849 1,988 1,674 Belarus 7,20 7,20 8,800 8,226 7,119 10,237 Canada 2,100 2,100 2,000 1,870 1,810 1,700 China 2,070 2,070 2,00 1,90 1,93 1,908 Ethiopia 8,963 8,76 9,8 62,09 60,609 9,674 European Union 1,740 1,740 1,900 1,613 1,831 1,72 India 3,100 3,100 3,000 3,000 3,200 2,800 Iran 1,32 1,27 1,0 1,0 1, Iraq 2,700 2,700 3,231 2,67 2,412 2,39 Kazakhstan 2,000 2, ,400 1,638 2,723 Morocco 20,00 20,00 17,47 17,083 20,026 1,389 Russia 6,400 7,000 4,70 7,400 4,000 7,300 Turkey 8,700 8,700 9,900 8,71 9,40 7,61 Ukraine 9,072 9,061 9,608 9,49 9,179 9,49 Others 138,70 138, , , , ,84 Subtotal 3,090 3,090 4,33 4,70 3,93 4,719 United States 141, , , , , ,303 World Total Total Consumption 1,80 1,80 2,00 2,10 2,00 2,00 Algeria 3,000 3,000 3,00 3,300 3,000 2,800 Australia 2,000 2,000 1,400 1,80 2,000 1,800 Belarus 6,700 6,900 6,78 6,968 6,471 7,718 Canada 8,900 7,900 9,800 7,900 11,600 6,300 China 2,07 2,07 2,02 1,990 1,97 1,92 Ethiopia 3,600 3,600,000 1,37 0,937 3,400 European Union 2,00 2,00 2,100 1,20 1,400 1,200 India 4,600 4,600 4,800,000 4,600 4,00 Iran 2,200 2,200 2,20 2,000 2,000 1,900 Kazakhstan 2,40 2,40 2,200 3,30 2,638 2,300 Morocco 1,400 1,700 14,700 13,700 14,100 12,700 Russia 9,82 10,32 9,2 10,22 8,2 8,62 Saudi Arabia,900 6,400,600 6,900,30 6,90 Turkey 4,400 4,400 4,900 4,300,00,100 Ukraine 17,698 17,637 18,611 18,8 16,766 17,029 Others 142, , , , , ,133 Subtotal 4,290 4,094 4,37 4,408 4,23 4,77 United States 147, , , ,81 142, ,908 World Total Ending Stocks ,313 1,304 1,178 Algeria 1,11 1,11 2,01 1,443 1,217 1,90 Canada,207,07,644 6,060,834,621 European Union 1,203 1, , Russia 2,729 2,729 4,044 4,09 3,074 3,389 Saudi Arabia Turkey ,263 1,609 1,6 2,071 Ukraine 4,81 4,838 6,933 8,024 7,81 7,200 Others 17,1 17,480 22,012 24,210 22,663 23,188 Subtotal 1,334 1,30 2,316 2,223 1,711 1,791 United States 18,849 19,010 24,328 26,433 24,374 24,979 World Total

41 Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America South America 886 1,169 1,17 1,342 1,1 1,1 European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East 12,37 12,400 14,800 13,816 12,22 11,72 North Africa 2,432 2,81 3,914 3,17 3,200 3,200 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 6,320 11,080 7,136 9,406 6,710 7,710 South Asia Oceania Total 23,2 28,833 28,427 29,704 2,036 2,36 Production North America 1,0 11,918 13,711 14,131 11,07 11,07 South America,743 3,794,924 4,66 4,021 4,021 European Union ,674 60,609 62,09 9,8 8,76 8,963 Other Europe 1,228 1,241 1,28 1,333 1,286 1,286 Former Soviet Union ,14 3,637 32,633 34,136 3,88 3,88 Middle East 12,043 8,63 12,8 9,72 11,78 11,23 North Africa 4,739 3,913,27 2,203 3,676 3,676 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,349 2,423 2,482 2,604 2,3 2,3 East Asia 1,991 2,134 2,18 2,297 2,398 2,409 South Asia 2,261 2,340 2,116 2,432 2,262 2,262 Oceania 9,80 9,02 9,430 13,79 8,340 8,340 Total 144, , , , , ,660 Domestic Consumption North America 13,243 11,6 12,301 12,110 11,894 11,890 South America 3,28 3,403 3,603 3,494 3,49 3,49 European Union ,400 0,937 1,37,000 3,600 3,600 Other Europe 1,334 1,414 1,373 1,404 1,387 1,387 Former Soviet Union ,460 2,24 24,012 2,24 26,18 26,218 Middle East 24,410 22,187 26,77 24,391 2,086 24,136 North Africa 6,282 7,120 8,203 7,032 7,028 7,028 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,43 2,471 2,9 2,663 2,700 2,700 East Asia 8,009 13,162 9,481 11,43 9,47 10,486 South Asia 1,713 1,923 2,03 2,668 2,638 2,638 Oceania 3,240 3,40 3,70 3,900 3,360 3,360 Total 141, ,147 14,21 149, , ,938 Ending Stocks North America 3,974 3,326 4,02 4,746 2,99 2,799 South America , European Union - 28,621,834 6,060,644,07,207 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,670 3,72 2,966 2,81 2,646 2,63 Middle East,781,08 6,77,803 4,77 4,477 North Africa 2,0 2,10 2,838 1,202 1,00 1,00 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 1,038 1, , South Asia Oceania 747 1,173 1,11 1, Total 24,979 24,374 26,433 24,328 19,010 18,849 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

42 World Sorghum Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina Australia 408 1, China Ethiopia India Nigeria Ukraine Others Subtotal 2,033 3,316 1,911 1, 1,60 1,60 United States,714 9,269 7,871 6,090,40,40 World Total 7,747 12,8 9,782 7,64 7,100 7,100 TY Imports Chile China 4,161 10,162 8,284,209,000,000 Colombia European Union Japan 1, Kenya Mexico South Africa South Sudan Sudan Others Subtotal 6,742 12,096 10,962 7,438 6,980 6,980 Unaccounted 1, , United States World Total 7,747 12,8 9,782 7,64 7,100 7,100 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

43 World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 3,00 3,00 3,400 3,37 3,00 4,400 Argentina 1,900 1,900 1,017 1,791 2,209 1,282 Australia 1,600 1,600 1,701 1,080 2,0 1,890 Brazil 1,800 1,800 1,680 1,436 1,708 1,880 Burkina 1,10 1,10 1,10 1,10 1,10 1,260 Cameroon 1,100 1,100 1,460 1, Chad 3,80 3,80 3,800 2,70 2,88 2,892 China 3,76 3,76 3,600 3,900 4,339 3,829 Ethiopia 4,00 4,00 4,70 4,238,44,42 India 1,300 1,300 1,394 1,27 1, Mali 4,600 6,000 4,700,87 6,270 8,00 Mexico 1,700 1,700 1,808 1,877 1,426 1,320 Niger 6,0 6,0 6,887,664 6,741,300 Nigeria 4,00 4,00,864 2,388 6,281 4,24 Sudan Tanzania 7,383 7,383 7,011 7,400 8,131 7,491 Others 49,998 1,398 0,842 46,249,217 2,62 Subtotal 9,033 9,28 12,199 1,18 10,988 9,966 United States 9,031 60,66 63,041 61,407 66,20 62,28 World Total Total Consumption 2,900 2,900 3,100 2,900 2,800 2,700 Argentina 1,00 1, Australia 1,60 1,60 1,600 1,10 2,000 2,000 Brazil 1,760 1,760 1,640 1,46 1,700 1,900 Burkina 1,10 1,10 1,180 1,17 1,17 1,27 Cameroon 1,160 1,160 1,470 1, Chad 8,900 8,900 8,800 11,000 12,900 6,800 China 3,800 3,800 3,70 4,100 4,100 3,900 Ethiopia 4,00 4,00 4,00 4,600,100,200 India 1,30 1,30 1,394 1,27 1, Mali 4,800 6,200,30 6,300 6,600 8,300 Mexico 1,80 1,80 1,900 1,820 1,40 1,300 Niger 6,40 6,40 6,787,64 6,691,28 Nigeria , South Sudan 4,800 4,800,814 3,100 6,000 4,600 Sudan 8,632 8,632 8,170 8,848 9,473 9,028 Others,71 7,11 7,046 6,088 63,46 6,882 Subtotal 4,064 4,06 6,210 6,187 2,49 4,130 United States 9,81 61,216 63,26 62,27 66,00 61,012 World Total Ending Stocks ,202 Argentina Australia China Ethiopia Mexico Nigeria Sudan 1,22 1,233 1,19 1,461 2,061 1,668 Others 3,82 3,82 4,271 4,408,738,142 Subtotal United States 4,339 4,63,123,338 6,206 6,006 World Total

44 Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America South America European Union Other Europe Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia,281 11,142 9,011,82,60,60 Southeast Asia Others Total 6,74 12,123 11,060 7,482 6,980 6,980 Production North America 18,466 17,28 20,74 16,899 1,28 13,633 Central America Caribbean South America 7,468 6,967,730 6,01 6,222 6,222 European Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 23,748 28,122 23,208 27,778 2,93 2,93 East Asia 2,89 2,887 2,72 3,802 3,82 3,82 South Asia,661,48 4,383 4,700 4,630 4,630 Southeast Asia Oceania 1,282 2,209 1,791 1,017 1,900 1,900 Others Total 62,28 66,20 61,407 63,041 60,66 9,031 Domestic Consumption North America 12,430 9,09 12,487 11,60 10,26 8,864 Central America Caribbean South America 6,062 6,362,40,729,866,866 European Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 24,183 27,71 24,383 28,208 26,813 26,813 East Asia 7,91 13,882 11,733 9,419 9,07 9,07 South Asia,334,23 4,96 4,646 4,680 4,680 Southeast Asia Oceania ,00 1,00 Others Total 9,936 66,133 62,741 63,030 61,012 9,611 Ending Stocks North America 1, ,216 1, Central America South America 1,48 1,310 1,188 1,106 1,070 1,062 European Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 1,61 2,278 1,600 1,71 1,236 1,236 East Asia South Asia Oceania Others Total 6,006 6,206,338,123 4,63 4,339 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

45 World Oats Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Australia Canada 1,732 1,729 1,666 1,6 1,800 1,800 Chile European Union Kazakhstan Russia Ukraine Others Subtotal 2,367 2,378 2,203 2,376 2,380 2,380 United States World Total 2,396 2,403 2,239 2,420 2,410 2,410 TY Imports Algeria Bosnia and Herzegovina Canada China Colombia Ecuador European Union Japan Mexico Norway Russia Serbia South Africa Switzerland Turkey Others Subtotal Unaccounted United States 1,866 1,768 1,32 1,39 1,700 1,700 World Total 2,396 2,403 2,239 2,420 2,410 2,410 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

46 World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production Algeria Argentina 1,00 1,00 1,873 1,300 1,198 1,2 Australia Belarus Brazil 3,700 3,700 3,19 3,428 2,979 3,906 Canada Chile China 8,002 7,960 8,034 7,4 7,821 8,380 European Union Kazakhstan Mexico Norway 4,900 4,900 4,70 4,27,267 4,932 Russia Turkey Ukraine Others 22,176 22,134 22,64 21,103 21,162 22,221 Subtotal ,300 1, United States 22,893 22,81 23,94 22,403 22,181 23,19 World Total Total Consumption Algeria Argentina 1,00 1,00 1,200 1, Australia Belarus Brazil 1,900 1,900 1,814 1,61 1,681 1,660 Canada Chile China 7,800 7,800 8,000 7,400 7,730 8,07 European Union Kazakhstan Mexico Norway 4,900 4,900 4,800 4,600,200 4,900 Russia Turkey Ukraine Others 20,81 20,81 21,148 19,479 19,78 19,90 Subtotal 2,712 2,712 2,39 2,702 2,447 2,77 United States 23,27 23,27 23,687 22,181 22,232 22,662 World Total Ending Stocks Argentina Australia ,04 Canada Chile European Union Russia Ukraine Others 1,999 1,976 2,333 2,333 2,1 2,627 Subtotal United States 2,430 2,407 3,064 3,17 2,93 2,986 World Total

47 Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 1,986 1,866 1,620 1,677 1,810 1,810 South America European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 2,307 2,246 2,01 2,202 2,2 2,2 Production North America 4,93 4,091 4,813 4,207 4,07 4,07 South America 1,478 1,32 1,910 2,372 2,069 2,069 European Union ,380 7,821 7,4 8,034 7,960 8,002 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,062 6,631,767,981 6,176 6,176 Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 9 East Asia Oceania 1,283 1,233 1,329 1,910 1,08 1,08 Total 23,19 22,181 22,403 23,94 22,81 22,893 Domestic Consumption North America 4,602 4,303 4,07 4,48 4,802 4,802 South America 1,447 1,28 1,86 2,233 2,123 2,123 European Union ,07 7,730 7,400 8,000 7,800 7,800 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,031 6,31,801,930 6,131 6,131 Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania ,04 1,23 1,08 1,08 Total 22,442 22,23 22,02 23,447 23,397 23,397 Ending Stocks North America 1,417 1,49 1,78 1,42 1,13 1,13 South America European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 2,986 2,93 3,17 3,064 2,407 2,430 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

48 World Rye Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Belarus Canada European Union Russia Ukraine Others Subtotal United States World Total TY Imports European Union Israel Japan Korea, South 8 4 Norway Russia Switzerland Others Subtotal Unaccounted United States World Total TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

49 World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production Argentina Belarus Canada European Union 10,11 8,864 7,833 7,491 7,1 7,80 Russia 3,360 3,279 2,084 2,38 2,00 2,00 Turkey Ukraine Others Subtotal 1,67 14,27 11,879 12,09 12,206 12,23 United States World Total 1,761 14,48 12,174 12,401 12,42 12,481 Total Consumption Argentina Australia Belarus Canada European Union 9,60 8,600 8,02 7,700 7,600 7,600 Kazakhstan Norway Russia 3,100 3,20 2,10 2,400 2,400 2,400 Turkey Ukraine Others Subtotal 14,81 13,973 12,163 11,97 12,088 12,088 United States World Total 1,239 14,379 12,678 12,46 12,3 12,3 Ending Stocks Belarus Canada European Union 1,204 1,386 1, Kazakhstan Russia Turkey Ukraine Others Subtotal 1,914 1,98 1,484 1,423 1,372 1,372 United States World Total 1,921 2,000 1,496 1,441 1,387 1,387

50 Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America South America European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total Production North America South America European Union ,11 8,864 7,833 7,491 7,1 7,80 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,689 4,682 3,268 3,620 3,780 3,780 Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 1,761 14,48 12,174 12,401 12,42 12,481 Domestic Consumption North America South America European Union ,60 8,600 8,02 7,700 7,600 7,600 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,46 4,640 3,407 3,13 3,69 3,69 Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 1,244 14,374 12,69 12,472 12,23 12,23 Ending Stocks North America South America European Union ,204 1,386 1, Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 1,921 2,000 1,496 1,441 1,387 1,387 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

51 European Union: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Wheat and Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / /

52 China: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Wheat and Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / /

53 Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Wheat and Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / /

54 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2011/ / / / / / Coarse Grains 2011/ / / / / /

55 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Barley) Millions of Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Former Soviet Union - 12 Kazakhstan 2014/ / / Russia 2014/ / / Ukraine 2014/ / / Uzbekistan 2014/ / / Other Former Soviet Union / / / Total Former Soviet Union / / /

56 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Corn) Millions of Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Former Soviet Union - 12 Kazakhstan 2014/ / / Russia 2014/ / / Ukraine 2014/ / / Uzbekistan 2014/ / / Other Former Soviet Union / / / Total Former Soviet Union / / /

57 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Argentina 2009/ / / / / / / / Brazil 2009/ / / / / / / / China 2009/ / / / / / / / South Africa 2009/ / / / / /

58 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued) Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks 201/ / Total Corn Competitors 2009/ / / / / / / /

59 Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Australia 2009/ / / / / / / / Canada 2009/ / / / / / / / European Union 2009/ / / / / / / /

60 Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Argentina 2009/ / / / / / / / Australia 2009/ / / / / / / /

61 U.S. Grains Supply and Distribution: Wheat, Corn, Sorghum, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Rice Thousand Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Rough Production Production Imports TY Imports Exports TY Exports Feed Dom. Consumption Domestic Consumption Ending Stocks Wheat 201/16 19,149 3 nr 6,117 3,068 3,04 21,168 21,811 4,06 31,942 26,2 2016/17 17,746 4 nr 62,833 3,21 3,297 28,716 29,488 4,27 31,71 32,133 1,211 3 nr 47,371 4,082 4,100 27,216 26,00 3,266 30,917 2,43 Corn 201/16 32, nr 34,06 1,716 1,782 48,288 1,16 129, ,78 44, /17 3, nr 384,778 1,448 1,40 8,242,3 138,77 313,812 8,29 33, nr 370,286 1,270 1,300 48,897 48,00 141, ,769 63,18 Sorghum 201/16 3,177 nr 1, ,626 7,871 2,707 6, /17 2,494 nr 12, ,111 6,090 3,289 6, ,043 4 nr 9, ,334,40 1,24 4, Barley 201/16 1,278 4 nr 4, ,408 2, /17 1,038 4 nr 4, ,37 2, nr 3, ,290 1,334 Oats 201/ nr 1,300 1,47 1, ,91 2, / nr 940 1,6 1, ,434 2, nr 717 1,724 1, ,79 2, Rye 201/ nr / nr nr Rice, Milled 201/16 1, ,761 6, ,396 3,373 nr 3,80 1, /17 1, ,167 7, ,704 3,00 nr 4,171 1, ,091, ,302 3,40 nr 3,62 90 Notes: Wheat Trade Year (TY) statistics are on July/June years. Barley, corn, sorghum, rye and oats Trade Year (TY) statistics are on Oct/Sept years. Rice Trade Year (TY) statistics are for the subsequent calendar year; 'Imports' and 'Exports' columns contain data on the local marketing year: wheat, barley, oats and rye are June/May; corn and sorghum are Sept/Aug; rice is Aug/July.

62 Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Productio TY Feed Domestic Ending Harvested n Exports Dom. Consumpti Stocks Wheat and Coarse Grains 1988/ , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , , , Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 197/76. From 1976/77 to the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.

63 World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Productio TY Feed Domestic Ending Harvested n Exports Dom. Consumpti Stocks Wheat 199/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 199/ / / / / / / / / / , / / , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , , , Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 197/76. From 1976/77 to the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.

64 World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Productio TY Feed Domestic Ending Harvested n Exports Dom. Consumpti Stocks Corn 199/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / , / / , , , , Barley 199/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Notes: Coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 197/76. From 1976/77 to the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.

65 ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States. Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S. South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela. EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland. Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa. East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan. South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives. Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea. Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 6 November 2017

66 OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2016/17 starts in 2016); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2016/17 starts in 2017). Key exporter LMY s are: Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) China (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Russia (Jul/Jun) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Jun/May) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) Russia(Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May) For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website ( Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union (Croatia plus the former EU-27) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-1 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-1 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains. Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 7 November 2017

67 Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database. The Global Commodity Analysis Division,, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington, DC 2020, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) Note: The previous report in this series was Grain: World Markets and Trade October For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production November This circular is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: Questions may be directed to the following staff: Andrew Sowell (202) Wheat Shelbi Knisley (202) Wheat Rachel Trego (202) Rice/Wheat Tiffany Landry (202) Rice Yoonhee Macke (202) Coarse Grains Graham Soley (202) Coarse Grains Olutayo Akingbe (202) Coarse Grains Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 8 November 2017

68 United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Grain: World Markets and Trade November 2017 Record Rice Trade with Diversifying Suppliers MMT Top Rice Exporters * India Thailand Vietnam Pakistan United States Burma Cambodia China Others In 2017, rice trade is set to hit a new record, with only a slight decline forecast for next year. Import demand is primarily supported by expanding consumption in Africa and the Middle East with growing populations and changing diets. China remains the largest importer, primarily supplied by neighboring regions. Weather-induced production shortages in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka sparked sudden import demand this year, sending rice trade to a record. The top exporter is India, as it has been since 2012 after it removed its non-basmati export ban. Meanwhile, Thai exports are forecast to hit a record in 2017, spurred by sales from government-held stocks which have now been nearly depleted. Vietnam has seen an uptick in sales, not only to China, its largest buyer, but also to regional markets and Africa. These top three exporters account for nearly two-thirds of global exports, and together with the next largest exporters, Pakistan and the United States, account for nearly 80 percent of trade. But this year has seen the further rise of emerging and returning suppliers. Burma is set to ship volumes not witnessed since before WWII, as they fulfill demand in neighboring China, supply Europe under the Everything but Arms Agreement, and make inroads into African markets. Cambodia has steadily increased exports and recently secured a tender to Bangladesh, demonstrating its expanding reach. Meanwhile, China as the top importer is also interestingly becoming a sizable exporter, reaching primarily African markets this year with low-priced rice. China has not shipped this quantity to Africa since the early 2000s. An expansion of global rice trade has brought about more opportunities for the largest exporters, but the growth of these secondary players is changing the competitive landscape. For subscription, click here to register: Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA

69 TABLE OF CONTENTS World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat... 4 Rice Coarse Grains Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade... 6 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD) database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:1 p.m. To download the tables in the publication, go to Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): ( scroll down to Reports, and Click the plus sign [+] next to Grains. FAS Reports and Databases: Current World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports: Archives World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports: Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports): Export Sales Report: Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports): Other USDA Reports: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE): Economic Research Service: National Agricultural Statistics Service: Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 2 November 2017

70 All Grain Summary Comparison Million Metric Tons Wheat Rice, Milled Corn Marketing Year 201/ /17 201/ /17 201/ /17 Production United States (Jun-May) Other World Total , ,043.9 Domestic Consumption United States (Jun-May) Other World Total ,03.7 1,061.6 Ending Stocks United States (Jun-May) Other World Total TY Imports United States (Jun-May) Other World Total TY Exports United States (Jun-May) Other World Total Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.marketing years for U.S. grains are: Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat only.

71 WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW For, global production is up this month slightly as larger crops are expected for Russia and the European Union. Global trade is forecast up slightly from last month and remains a record. Imports are forecast down for Jordan, India, and Vietnam, but higher for Iraq, Brazil, Ethiopia, and Mexico. Exports are projected up for Russia and the United States which more than offset a reduction in Australia. The U.S. season-average farm price is unchanged at $4.60 per bushel. PRICES $/MT U.S. Daily FOB Export Bids HRW SRW SWW HRS Domestic: Overall, wheat prices for most classes were down slightly during the month of October on weak sales activity and advancing winter wheat planting progress. Concerns about Mexico purchasing wheat from Argentina also contributed to lower prices. Hard Red Winter (HRW) was down $4/ton to $214 and Soft Red Winter (SRW) fell $9/ton to $187 due to rain in growing regions. Hard Red Spring (HRS) declined $2/ton to $278 due to the larger-thanexpected U.S. spring wheat crop. Soft Winter White (SWW) remained unchanged at $206/ton. 4

72 FEATURE Sub-Saharan Africa s Wheat Consumption Outpacing Production; Pushes Imports Higher MMT MMT Consumption Outpacing Production Consumption Production Imports Rising; U.S. Share Falling Demand for wheat in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has expanded dramatically in recent years. In addition to rapid population growth, per capita consumption is also trending higher, driven by urbanization, changing tastes, and rising incomes. In countries such as Nigeria and Ethiopia, wheat consumption is rising as consumers switch from local staples such as cassava, millet, and teff. Production, on the other hand, has grown but continues to fall short of consumption. The climate in most SSA countries is too warm for wheat, making it a very minor crop on the continent. Among them, Ethiopia is the most self-sufficient, typically producing about 80 percent of the wheat it consumes. Ethiopia produces more than half of the region s total wheat production, with South Africa, Kenya, and Sudan accounting for most of the remainder. Many countries in the region have increasingly relied on imports to fulfill growing demand. Total imports for the region have expanded by about 0 percent in 7 years. Most of the SSA wheat trade is in the form of grain, but imports of flour and products have also picked up, now accounting for nearly 20 percent of the region s imports. Turkey s flour exports to SSA have quadrupled in 6 years with the largest regional markets being Sudan and Angola. SSA s share of global wheat imports stands at over 10 percent now, a portion that seems likely to expand if growth in wheat demand continues at the same pace. Imports from Other Forecast At the same time, the share of imports coming from the United States has dropped from roughly a third down to just over 10 percent. This shift is most evident in Nigeria, where the United States lost market share to lower-priced Russian and EU wheat amid economic challenges in the country. Similarly, U.S. exports to South Africa have also trended lower in the face of rising competition. Notably, some of the U.S. exports to the region, particularly to Ethiopia, come in the form of food aid. Hard Red Winter comprises the majority of U.S. exports to the region.

73 TRADE CHANGES IN Selected Importers Brazil is lifted 200,000 tons to 7. million based on a smaller crop and lower quality. Ethiopia is raised 200,000 tons to 1.4 million due to large recent tenders. India is lowered 00,000 tons to 3.0 million based on the government raising the import duty to 20 percent in an attempt to support domestic wheat prices. Iraq is up 600,000 tons to 3. million based on large purchases of U.S. wheat. Jordan is cut 200,000 tons to 1.1 million with expectations of slower consumption. Mexico is up 200,000 tons to a record.4 million based on strong demand. The United States remains the dominant exporter to Mexico, with sales and shipments outpacing the same time last year. Additionally, Mexico has recently purchased wheat from Argentina for the first time ever. Canada and Russia have also supplied wheat to Mexico in recent months. Vietnam is down 800,000 tons to 4.0 million based on slower- than-expected imports at the beginning of the trade year. Selected Exporters Argentina is raised 00,000 tons to 12. million based on the strong pace of old-crop (2016 harvest) shipments. Australia is lowered 1.0 million tons to 19.0 million based on slower-than-expected September exports. Brazil is down 200,000 tons to 800,000 based on a smaller crop. Russia is raised 00,000 tons to 33.0 million due to the strong early pace of trade, the competitiveness of Russian wheat, and strong global demand. Furthermore, the stateowned Russian Railways (RZD) introduced a rail tariff discount to attract additional volumes of grain shipments. For details, see GAIN report RS173. United States is elevated 00,000 tons to 26. million primarily based on recent strong sales to Iraq. 6

74 World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina 1,67 4,200 8,70 12,27 12,000 12,00 Australia 18,339 16,7 1,780 22,061 20,000 19,000 Canada 22,16 24,883 22,119 20,26 21,000 21,000 European Union 32,032 3,4 34,686 27,311 28,00 28,00 Kazakhstan 8,000,07 7,600 7,20 7,00 7,00 Mexico 1,322 1,104 1,68 1,119 1,400 1,400 Russia 18,609 22,800 2,43 27,809 32,00 33,000 Serbia 1, ,043 1,100 1,100 Turkey 4,293 4,13,60 6,177 6,00 6,00 Ukraine 9,7 11,269 17,431 18,107 16,00 16,00 Others 13,71 12,36 10,234 9,31 8,909 8,69 Subtotal 130,90 138,877 10,196 12,723 1,909 1,69 United States 31,29 23,023 21,811 29,488 26,000 26,00 World Total 162, , , , , ,19 TY Imports Afghanistan 2,00 2,000 2,700 2,700 2,600 2,600 Algeria 7,484 7,27 8,13 8,414 8,200 8,200 Bangladesh 3,34 3,929 4,720,6 6,00 6,00 Brazil 7,061,869,922 7,788 7,300 7,00 China 6,773 1,926 3,476 4,410 3,000 3,000 Colombia 1,746 1,627 2,032 2,110 2,10 2,10 Egypt 10,10 11,300 11,92 11,236 12,000 12,000 European Union 3,976,979 6,916,27 6,00 6,00 India ,147 3,00 3,000 Indonesia 7,391 7,477 10,04 10,176 10,00 10,00 Iraq 3,246 2,23 2,218 2,447 2,900 3,00 Japan 6,123,878,71,911,800,800 Korea, South 4,288 3,942 4,420 4,667 4,00 4,600 Mexico 4,639 4,471 4,80,370,200,400 Morocco 3,928 4,086 4,03,191 4,800 4,800 Nigeria 4,80 4,244 4,410 4,972,000,100 Peru 2,114 1,907 1,799 2,020 2,10 2,10 Philippines 3,476,04 4,918,704,60,60 Saudi Arabia 3,441 3,499 2,931 3,716 3,800 3,800 Sudan 2,664 2,632 2,021 2,48 2,600 2,600 Thailand 1,79 3,492 4,872 3,689 3,000 3,000 Turkey 4,147,960 4,40 4,42 4,00 4,00 Uzbekistan 2,224 2,230 2,662 2,700 2,800 2,800 Vietnam 2,17 2,292 3,070,48 4,800 4,000 Yemen 3,42 3,24 3,332 3,278 3,400 3,400 Others 3,421 1,976 3,291 0,049 1,701 2,076 Subtotal 1,639 14,798 16,62 176, ,81 17,126 Unaccounted 2,0 3,113 3,391 2,840 2,98 2,933 United States 4,78 3,989 3,04 3,297 4,100 4,100 World Total 162, , , , , ,19 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

75 World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 17,00 17,00 18,400 11,300 13,930 10,00 Argentina 21,00 21,00 33,00 22,27 23,743 2,303 Australia 27,000 27,000 31,700 27,94 29,420 37,30 Canada 130, , ,80 130, , ,930 China 8,100 8,100 8,100 8,100 8,300 8,20 Egypt 11,489 11,039 14, ,480 16, ,83 European Union 98,380 98,380 87,000 86,30 9,80 93,06 India 1,000 1,000 1,00 1,000 13,000 14,00 Iran 14,000 14,000 14,98 13,748 12,996 13,941 Kazakhstan 6,20 6,20 2,731 8,064,116 6,934 Morocco 2,700 26,200 2,600 2,100 2,979 24,211 Pakistan 83,000 82,000 72,29 61,044 9,080 2,091 Russia 21,000 21,000 17,20 19,00 1,20 18,70 Turkey 26,00 26,00 26,800 27,274 24,70 22,278 Ukraine 7,200 7,200 7,200 7,200 7,10 6,800 Uzbekistan 1,98 2,14,444,743,36,879 Others 704, , ,0 679, ,040 66,986 Subtotal 47,371 47,371 62,833 6,117,147 8,10 United States 71,97 71,18 73,888 73,29 728,187 71,091 World Total Total Consumption 10,40 10,40 10,30 10,20 10,00 9,80 Algeria 12,100 11,700 12,200 11,100 10,700 11,400 Brazil 8,100 8,200 10,341 7,924 9,096 9,39 Canada 116, , ,00 112, ,00 116,00 China 19,700 19,700 19,400 19,200 19,100 18,00 Egypt 128,20 128,20 128,00 129,80 124, ,300 European Union 100, ,000 97,120 88,1 93,102 93,848 India 9,700 9,700 9,00 9,100 7,36 7,16 Indonesia 18,30 18,30 18,100 17,800 17,00 17,000 Iran 10,300 10,300 10,200 9,800 9,000 9,000 Morocco 24,800 2,400 24,00 24,400 24,00 24,100 Pakistan 44,000 43,00 40,000 37,000 3,00 34,100 Russia 17,900 17,900 17,400 18,000 17,00 17,70 Turkey 10,000 10,000 10,300 12,200 11,00 11,00 Ukraine 9,900 9,900 9,700 9,30 8,900 8,400 Uzbekistan 168, , , ,42 14,13 10,704 Others 709, , , , , ,710 Subtotal 30,917 30,917 31,71 31,942 31,328 34,260 United States 740,03 739, , ,69 70, ,970 World Total Ending Stocks,26,11 6,86,178 7,101 10,398 Canada 127,24 127,24 111,04 97,042 76,10 6,274 China 11,726 11,276 10,487 1,7 12,697 9,938 European Union 10,680 11,180 9,800 14,40 17,220 17,830 India,194,192 4,44 6,86 4,281 4,317 Morocco 4,662 4,62 4,332 3,829 3,710 2,191 Pakistan 17,330 17,330 10,830,607 6,287,177 Russia 9,968 60,091 6,6 66,19 69,878 63,80 Others 242, , , , , ,70 Subtotal 2,43 26,134 32,133 26,2 20,477 16,06 United States 267,32 268,134 2, ,36 217,76 194,770 World Total

76 Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 9,839 9,004 8,378 9,177 9,70 10,000 Central America 1,833 1,834 1,834 1,993 2,010 2,010 South America 14,879 13,132 13,342 16,307 1,84 16,09 European Union ,976,979 6,916,27 6,00 6,00 Other Europe 1,88 1,760 1,828 1,970 1,860 1,860 Former Soviet Union ,28 7,678 7,402 7,433 7,960 7,960 Middle East 28,447 26,928 24,499 22,774 23,20 24,020 North Africa 2,246 2,430 27,873 28,334 28,30 28,30 Sub-Saharan Africa 20,40 20,963 22,86 22,263 23,20 23,980 East Asia 19,46 14,114 16,226 17,3 1,780 1,880 South Asia 6,722 8,164 8,823 1,469 13,771 13,271 Southeast Asia 17,176 20,76 2,483 27,763 26,710 2,910 Others 3,00 3,22 3,147 3,28 3,37 3,390 Total 160,424 18, , , ,91 179,226 Production North America 99,012 88,24 87,462 98,417 77,921 77,921 South America 19,803 24,81 21,601 28,646 2,388 2,188 European Union ,83 16, ,480 14,466 11,039 11,489 Other Europe 4,228 4,088 4,39 4,749 4,23 4,23 Former Soviet Union , , , , , ,273 Middle East 41,708 3,414 42,90 39,88 42,67 42,67 North Africa 19,661 17,029 19,976 14,081 18,10 18,10 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,204 7,477 6,433 7,227 7,389 7,319 East Asia 123, ,60 131,1 130,13 131, ,44 South Asia 12, ,07 119, , , ,180 Oceania 2,716 24,17 22,689 33,918 21,920 21,920 Others Total 71, ,187 73,29 73,888 71,18 71,97 Domestic Consumption North America 0,30 47,274 46,866 49,992 46,717 46,717 South America 27,321 27,090 27,740 28,840 28,61 28,86 European Union , , ,80 128,00 128,20 128,20 Other Europe 4,87 4,87 4,93,03,03,03 Former Soviet Union ,7 74,990 77,77 79,130 82,690 83,190 Middle East 8,764 8,37 60,110 60,16 61,940 62,290 North Africa 42,47 42,726 43,666 44,70 4,07 4,07 Sub-Saharan Africa 26,383 27,220 28,71 29,189 29,83 30,168 East Asia 130, ,23 12, ,2 129,60 129,61 South Asia 132, , , , , ,821 Southeast Asia 16,610 19,29 23,131 2,87 2,070 24,270 Oceania 8,280 8,64 8,0 9,140 8,420 8,420 Others 3,480 3,74 3,82 3,829 3,870 3,870 Total 690, , ,919 73,97 738,16 738,86 Ending Stocks North America 26,782 28,101 32,241 39,744 31,84 31,314 South America 6,776 8,639 4,133 4,749 4,603 4,23 European Union ,938 12,697 1,7 10,487 11,276 11,726 Other Europe 1,009 1,321 1,98 1,962 1,767 1,767 Former Soviet Union ,832 20,662 16,770 21,129 27,991 27,187 Middle East 18,834 18,474 19,868 1,971 12,991 13,141 North Africa 14,04 13,216 16,628 13,922 14,601 14,662 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,844 3,036 3,213 2,619 2,902 2,91 East Asia 68,314 79, , ,27 130,67 130,64 South Asia 21,661 23,109 21,040 16,637 18,47 18,07 Southeast Asia 3,491 3,921,413 6,408 7,124 7,048 Oceania 4,826 4,92 4,080 7,271 3,83 4,46 Others Total 194, ,76 241,36 2, , ,32 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

77 RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW For, global production is lowered this month on a smaller Indian crop. Trade is forecast up slightly to a near record, with higher imports in several African countries. Exports are raised for Burma, Vietnam, and Thailand in contrast to lower forecasts for Pakistan and India. Global stocks are down, primarily in India, but remain the highest since 2000/01. PRICES $/MT Weekly Price Quotes: Last 12 Months U.S. #2/4 (long grain) THAI 100B VIETNAM % INDIA % URUGUAY % Over the past month, the top Asian exporters FOB quotes have converged to $400/ton, with only a small amount of variance. This is indicative of strong competition among these suppliers during this year of record trade. Meanwhile, the divergence between quotes for Western Hemisphere and Asia has widened to the largest level all year. The Uruguay quote is at $2/ton while the U.S. quote is at $6/ton. 10

78 FEATURE U.S. Rice Market Share Declines in Mexico while South America Expands U.S. Share of Mexico Total Rice Imports (Milled Basis) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 0% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% YTD 2017 Uruguay, 14.7% Market Share of Mexico Total Rice Imports (Milled Basis) Jan Sept 2017 Guyana, 3.9% Argentina, 0.8% Thailand, 0.% United States, 80.2% Mexico is the largest rice importer in the Western Hemisphere and the top market for U.S. rice. While the United States is the main supplier of both paddy and milled rice to Mexico, most U.S. exports are paddy rice. Historically, the United States had captured increasing market share throughout the 1990s as tariffs were eliminated through NAFTA. Over the past few years, this trend has been shifting in both paddy and milled rice sales. For milled rice, the United States has been the leading supplier, but beginning in 2011 other competitors began shipping significant amounts. While Asian suppliers briefly supplied the market, more recently it has been South American competitors that have gained ground. Uruguay had 8 percent market share in 2016 and has increased market share to 1 percent year to date (see chart). Uruguay has the similar advantage as the United States of a zero duty on milled rice. On the paddy side, the United States had maintained an almost 100 percent market share with little competition. However, a new paddy competitor has emerged, with Guyana beginning to ship to Mexico in July Guyana normally sells under a 9 percent tariff rate but can enter the market duty free through December 2017 under a 10,000 MT TRQ. Mexico implemented this quota available to all origins in March 2017 in an effort to diversify supplies, causing further concern for U.S. suppliers. (see March 2017 Grain World Markets and Trade report) 11

79 Selected Trade Changes for 2018 Burma exports are raised 00,000 tons to 2.6 million on expectations of stronger demand for competitively priced rice in bordering countries. China exports are up 100,000 tons to 1.1 million on continued growth in African markets. India exports are down 200,000 tons to 11.6 million on a smaller crop. Pakistan exports are lowered 300,000 tons to 3.8 million on higher competition from alternative suppliers. Thailand exports are raised 200,000 tons to 10.2 million on improved prospects relative to India. Vietnam exports are lifted 300,000 tons to 6.3 million on expected higher shipments to nearby markets. Selected Trade Changes for 2017 Burma exports are boosted 400,000 tons to 2.8 million, the highest level since the pre- WWII record, on exceptionally high shipments not only along the border to China and Bangladesh but also to Africa. China exports are up 200,000 tons to 1.1 million on higher exports to Africa, which have constituted more than half of its exports thus far. India exports are raised 200,000 tons to 11.4 million on strong regional shipments. Kenya imports are up 100,000 tons to 60,000 reflecting continued large purchases from Pakistan and Thailand. Malaysia imports are raised 100,000 tons to 1.0 million on the pace of trade. Mozambique imports are boosted 100,000 tons to 70,000 on additional imports from Pakistan. Nigeria imports are up 100,000 tons to 2. million on expanding demand for parboiled rice from Thailand and India. Pakistan exports are lowered 300,000 tons to 3.6 million on uncompetitive prices relative to other suppliers. Thailand exports are raised 00,000 tons to a record 11.0 million on large shipments to Nigeria and other African countries. Sierra Leone imports are raised 100,000 tons to 400,000 on strong shipments from China. Vietnam exports are up 200,000 tons to 6.3 million on strong regional trade. 12

80 World Rice Trade January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina Australia Brazil Burma 1,688 1,73 1,300 2,800 2,100 2,600 Cambodia 1,000 1,10 1,10 1,30 1,20 1,20 China ,100 1,000 1,100 European Union Guyana India 11,88 11,046 10,040 11,400 11,800 11,600 Pakistan 3,700 4,000 4,000 3,600 4,100 3,800 Paraguay Russia Thailand 10,969 9,779 9,867 11,000 10,000 10,200 Uruguay , Vietnam 6,32 6,606,088 6,200 6,000 6,300 Others 1,09 1,173 1,128 1, ,07 Subtotal 41,176 39,268 36,7 42,213 40,969 41,62 United States 2,947 3,381 3,373 3,00 3,40 3,40 World Total 44,123 42,649 40,128 4,713 44,419 4,102 TY Imports Angola Bangladesh 1, ,100 1,200 1,200 Benin Brazil Cameroon China 4,40,10 4,600,20,20,20 Cote d'ivoire 90 1,10 1,300 1,30 1,00 1,00 Cuba European Union 1,6 1,786 1,816 1,80 1,900 1,900 Ghana Guinea Iran 1,400 1,300 1,100 1,600 1,300 1,300 Iraq 1,080 1, ,00 1,00 1,100 Japan Kenya Malaysia 989 1, , Mexico Mozambique Nepal Nigeria 3,200 2,100 2,100 2,00 2,300 2,300 Philippines 1,800 2, ,100 1,700 1,700 Saudi Arabia 1,49 1,601 1,300 1,400 1,40 1,40 Senegal ,000 1,00 1,00 South Africa , United Arab Emirates Others 13,402 12,974 12,217 13,443 12,693 12,937 Subtotal 40,403 39,442 36,781 42,038 41,393 41,927 Unaccounted 2,96 2,40 2,79 2,91 2,276 2,41 United States World Total 44,123 42,649 40,128 4,713 44,419 4,102 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: is calendar year 2018, 2016/17 is calendar year 2017, and so on.

81 World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Milled Production Bangladesh 34,390 34,00 34,00 34,78 33,000 33,000 Brazil 8,300 8,46 7,210 8,383 7,820 7,820 Burma 11,97 12,600 12,160 12,00 12,600 12,600 Cambodia 4,72 4,700 4,847 4,90,000,000 China 142,30 144,60 14, ,80 144, ,000 Egypt 4,70 4,30 4,000 4,800 4,300 4,300 India 106,646 10, , ,10 110, ,00 Indonesia 36,300 3,60 36,200 37,10 37,000 37,000 Japan 7,931 7,849 7,670 7,780 7,600 7,600 Korea, South 4,230 4,241 4,327 4,197 3,900 3,900 Nigeria 3,038 3,46 3,28 3,64 3,64 3,64 Pakistan 6,798 6,900 6,800 6,80 6,900 6,900 Philippines 11,88 11,91 11,000 11,686 11,200 11,200 Thailand 20,460 18,70 1,800 19,200 20,400 20,400 Vietnam 28,161 28,166 27,84 27,0 28,40 28,40 Others 40,349 40,366 40,632 41,170 42,303 42,207 Subtotal 472, , , , ,127 47,31 United States 6,117 7,106 6,133 7,117,670,664 World Total 478,40 479,1 472,69 486,6 483, ,19 Consumption and Residual Bangladesh 34,900 3,100 3,100 3,000 34,800 34,800 Brazil 7,900 7,92 7,900 8,000 7,900 7,90 Burma 10,40 10,00 10,400 10,300 10,00 10,200 Cambodia 3,60 3,61 3,700 3,700 3,70 3,70 China 139, , , ,34 142,30 142,10 Egypt 4,000 4,000 3,900 4,300 4,400 4,400 India 98,727 98,244 93,68 97,000 98,000 98,000 Indonesia 38,00 38,300 37,800 37,600 37,400 37,400 Japan 8,380 8,600 8,600 8,00 8,00 8,40 Korea, South 4,422 4,197 4,212 4,700 4,60 4,60 Nepal 3,831 3,770 3,33 3,824 3,80 3,80 Nigeria,800,900 6,000 6,100 6,200 6,200 Philippines 12,80 13,000 12,900 12,900 12,900 12,900 Thailand 10,600 10,000 9,100 12,000 11,00 11,00 Vietnam 22,000 22,000 22,00 22,200 22,600 22,300 Others 61,180 61,693 62,398 6,143 66,08 66,633 Subtotal 471,26 469, , , , ,711 United States 3,978 4,284 3,80 4,171 3,60 3,62 World Total 47, , , , , ,363 Ending Stocks China 60,00 69,000 78,00 86,00 92,00 92,00 India 22,800 17,800 18,400 20,0 20,70 18,40 Indonesia,01 4,111 3,09 3,39 3,619 3,619 Japan 3,007 2,821 2,2 2,462 2,077 2,237 Korea, South 899 1,406 1,831 1,736 1,394 1,394 Philippines 1,69 2,410 2,110 1,996 1,996 1,996 Thailand 11,999 11,270 8,403 4,83 4,03 3,803 Others 14,601 17,399 1,829 1,009 13,799 13,990 Subtotal 121, , , ,64 140, ,989 United States 1,02 1,2 1,47 1, World Total 122, , , , ,22 138,939 Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.

82 Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 1,801 1,838 1,8 1,99 1,920 1,980 Caribbean 911 1,174 1,13 1,23 1,23 1,23 South America 1,814 1,686 1,999 1,721 1,602 1,66 Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East 6,711 6,464,716 6,69 6,3 6,60 North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 12,68 11,3 12,119 13,68 13,41 13,70 East Asia 6,044 6,686 6,097 6,906 6,896 6,896 South Asia 2,76 1, ,010 2,600 2,600 Southeast Asia,023,677 3,883 3,630 4,20 4,1 Others 2,392 2,31 2,761 2,680 2,700 2,700 Total 41,18 40,199 37,49 42,798 42,143 42,687 Production North America 6,248 7,28 6,289 7,294,8,849 Caribbean 1, South America 16,34 16,0 1,391 16,43 16,403 16,37 European Union ,937 1,94 2,048 2,069 2,083 2,083 Former Soviet Union ,20 1,18 1,262 1,261 1,297 1,247 Middle East 2,417 2,24 2,392 2,4 2,47 2,47 North Africa 4,776 4,3 4,044 4,837 4,340 4,340 Sub-Saharan Africa 14,387 1,193 1,701 16,397 16,02 16,02 East Asia 17,701 19, ,179 19,71 18,194 18,194 South Asia 14,2 13,16 12,263 17,14 16,37 13,87 Southeast Asia 116,867 11, , , , ,471 Others 1,339 1, ,302 1,346 1,346 Total 478,40 479,1 472,69 486,6 483, ,19 Domestic Consumption North America,217,22 4,814,446 4,930 4,932 Central America 1,19 1,198 1,300 1,348 1,326 1,321 Caribbean 1,992 2,01 2,004 2,082 2,203 2,203 South America 14,78 14,738 14,782 14,890 1,17 1,130 European Union ,20 3,400 3,0 3,60 3,70 3,70 Former Soviet Union ,60 1,07 1,08 1,94 1,37 1,72 Middle East 9,140 9,000 8,62 8,928 9,14 9,21 North Africa 4,42 4,407 4,274 4,732 4,82 4,82 Sub-Saharan Africa 26,14 27,141 27,691 29,277 29,376 29,746 East Asia 16,184 16,400 16,433 17,720 18,61 18,36 South Asia 143, , , , ,67 143,87 Southeast Asia 102, ,37 101,20 103, , ,276 Others Total 470, ,462 46, , , ,78 Ending Stocks North America 1,184 1,717 1,602 1,623 1,111 1,146 Central America Caribbean South America 1,819 2,187 1,79 1,667 1,496 1,41 European Union ,163 1,11 1,181 1,130 1,083 1,083 Middle East 1,777 1,742 1,134 1,299 1,066 1,114 North Africa ,474 1,324 1,324 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,001 3,21 2,737 2,729 2,388 2,448 East Asia 64,694 73,483 83,126 91,001 96,334 96,494 South Asia 24,920 21,428 21,71 23,226 23,121 21,021 Southeast Asia 21,976 21,060 18,008 13,099 12,80 11,94 Oceania Others Total 122, , , , ,22 138,939 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

83 $/MT COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW For, global corn production is up this month with a record yield forecast for the U.S. crop more than offsetting reductions for Ukraine and Russia. Global corn trade is driven higher by Mexico and the United States. Imports for Mexico are raised reflecting stronger feed use in light of tightening domestic sorghum supplies. U.S. exports are raised reflecting strong sales, reduced competitor supplies, and relatively competitive FOB bids into early The U.S. season-average farm price remains unchanged at $3.20 per bushel. 200 Corn Daily FOB Export Bids Argentina Up River Black Sea Brazil Paranagua US Gulf PRICES Global corn prices mostly declined from last month s WASDE due mainly to harvest pressure from the United States. Argentine bids fell $3/ton to $146 approaching a historic low due to reduced demand and sales. Black Sea bids are up $3/ton this month to $164 due to tighter supplies in the region. Brazilian bids were relatively unchanged this month. U.S. quotes dropped $2/ton to $17. 16

84 FEATURE East Asia: An Important Region for Competition Between U.S. and Brazilian Corn U.S. Exports to East Asian Markets Surged But Brazil s Global Exports Forecast to Rebound MMT MMT U.S. Brazil -Year Average 2016/17 East Asian markets have been the foreground for competition between Brazil and U.S. corn exports. Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are significant importers (accounting for roughly 20 percent of global corn trade) that source primarily from both countries, as exporters prices play a pivotal role in expanding market share. U.S. shipments to all three markets surged in 2016/17 as a result of competitive prices relative to Brazil, where an early end to the rainy season in the Center-West reduced exportable supplies, resulting in a price premium to U.S corn. However, Brazil s exports have recovered with a record crop in 2017 (nearly 70 million metric tons of second-crop production) that supports a record export forecast for. Shipments to Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan garner about one-quarter of Brazil s global exports, so expectations of retaining significant market share in underpin the projection. In contrast, U.S. corn exports are forecast down without the price advantage over Brazil from the previous year. 0 U.S. 2016/17 Brazil Note: Trade Year Basis (Oct-Sep); East Asian Markets includes Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan Average FOB Price for September and October $190 $180 $170 $160 $10 Brazil U.S. Trade policies for corn in all three markets are favorable for the United States and Brazil, with both countries subject to zero duties. 1 With neither country having a clear advantage, FOB prices and freights costs are expected to play a prominent role. Demand growth in these Asian markets is expected to be steady, nevertheless, these major importers are expected to take advantage of historically low corn prices to displace feed wheat in, and supports forecast record global corn trade. $ Source: International Grains Council 1 South Korea s TRQ for feed corn is 10 million metric tons duty-free. 17

85 TRADE CHANGES IN Selected Exporters U.S. corn is up 1. million tons to 48. million on strong sales to date and expectations of improved competitiveness. Ukraine corn is cut 1.0 million tons to 20. million on lower production. Exports for 2016/17 are shaved 200,000 tons to 21.3 million. Canada barley is up 200,000 tons to 1. million on higher demand for China. Russia barley is boosted 300,000 tons to 4.8 million on expectations of supporting higher global demand for feedstuffs. Selected Importers Mexico corn is raised 1.0 million tons to 16. million on expectations of greater feed use and to partly offset tight supplies of domestic sorghum that are damaged by the continued prevalence of the sugarcane aphid. South Korea corn is trimmed 00,000 tons to 9.7 million on slower demand for feed corn as a result of expected higher use of rice in feed rations. Canada corn is up 200,000 tons to 1.0 million on expectations of greater use of less expensive corn replacing feed barley. China barley is chased up another 1.0 million tons to 6. million on expectations of higher demand for feedstuffs. Imports for 2016/17 are boosted 00,000 tons to 8.1 million. Saudi Arabia barley is cut 00,000 tons to 8. million on forecast higher consumption of compound feed. Imports for 2016/17 are slashed 1 million tons to 9. million. TRADE CHANGES IN 2016/17 Selected Exporters based on trade data Australia barley is lowered 300,000 tons to 9.2 million. Selected Importers based on trade data China corn is cut 00,000 tons to 2. million. Taiwan corn is trimmed 400,000 tons to 4.2 million. Venezuela corn is boosted 200,000 tons to 1.2 million 18

86 World Coarse Grain Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina 16,630 21,003 2,290 26,60 29,30 29,30 Australia 7,004 7,286 6,389 10,273 6,72 6,72 Brazil 22,09 21,94 3,41 19,770 36,01 36,01 Canada,482 3,99 4,687 4,989 4,0 4,70 European Union 7,841 1,068 10,934 7,730 8,00 8,00 Mexico ,9 1,300 1,300 1,300 Paraguay 2,718 3,031 2,677 1,91 2,1 2,1 Russia 7,074 9,1 8,46 9,09 10,060 10,360 South Africa 2, ,13 1,910 1,910 Ukraine 24,12 24,208 21,47 27,040 26,310 2,310 Others 13,004 10,89 7,90 9,128 6,660 6,660 Subtotal 108,66 117,447 12,42 119, ,3 132,8 United States 6,776 6,419 9,230 61,798 2,61 4,11 World Total 16, , , ,778 18, ,970 TY Imports Algeria 4,946 4,863,224 4,67,42,42 Bangladesh ,042 1,10 1,100 1,100 Chile 1,621 1,707 1,744 1,717 2,220 2,220 China 12,44 2,699 17,499 16,0 13,700 14,700 Colombia 4,79 4,747 4,824,034,33,33 Dominican Republic 1,011 1,202 1,31 1,300 1,400 1,400 Egypt 8,77 7,940 8,849 9,10 10,100 10,100 European Union 16,3 9,408 14,261 1,49 16, 16, Guatemala , ,100 1,100 Iran 6,600 8,000 8,300 9,900 11,300 11,300 Israel 2,073 1,603 1,10 2,1 1,79 1,79 Japan 17,01 16,726 17,070 17,000 16,720 16,720 Jordan 1,672 1,49 1,722 1,90 1,700 1,700 Kenya ,230 1,300 1,300 Korea, South 10,499 10,24 10,192 9,296 10,270 9,770 Libya 1,493 1,68 1,90 2,12 2,100 2,100 Malaysia 3,48 3,238 4,134 3,00 4,000 4,000 Mexico 11,312 11,640 14,881 1,170 1,900 16,900 Morocco 2,88 2,217 3,182 2,404 3,000 3,000 Peru 2,336 2,863 3,083 3,340 3,420 3,420 Saudi Arabia 11,332 11,11 13,992 13,010 13,10 13,010 Taiwan 4,346 3,938 4,781 4,300 4,600 4,600 Tunisia 1,449 1,2 1,713 1,80 1,900 1,900 Venezuela 2,627 2,433 1,738 1,202 1,600 1,600 Vietnam 4,300 6,700 8,600 8,00 9,00 9,00 Others 20,71 22,939 23,379 24,4 18,36 18,626 Subtotal 16,281 16, , , , ,176 Unaccounted,738 4,98 4,479 1,388 4,14 4,244 United States 3,323 3,296 3,981 3,422 3,0 3,0 World Total 16, , , ,778 18, ,970 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

87 World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 49,004 49,004 48,69 38,439 36,782 3,66 Argentina 11,426 11,426 16,833 12,44 12,60 12,18 Australia 97,601 97, ,33 69,129 87,714 82,634 Brazil 2, 2, 2,818 2,619 21,992 28,74 Canada 223, , , , ,40 22,062 China 13,03 13,03 12,700 13,03 14,442 13,078 Ethiopia 10, ,977 12,212 12, ,670 19,212 European Union 42,240 42,240 44,30 38,701 43,076 43,216 India 11,30 11,30 10,900 10,00 9,000 9,100 Indonesia 31,62 33,02 33,31 32,378 32,689 32,06 Mexico 18,80 18,80 19,33 16,681 18,917 14,633 Nigeria 43,300 43,600 40,76 37,427 40,386 3,73 Russia 12,948 12,948 18,037 8,67 11,110 1,18 South Africa 13,043 13,643 10,893 14,243 9,393 13,074 Turkey 34,990 36,990 39,2 33,387 39,389 40,022 Ukraine 160, , ,92 18, ,410 16,200 Others 939, , , , , ,117 Subtotal 383, , , , , ,089 United States 1,322,1 1,319,37 1,36,311 1,260,137 1,312,214 1,283,206 World Total Domestic Consumption 17,384 17,384 16,234 14,321 14,232 13,69 Argentina 64,70 64,70 63,892 60,243 60,048 8,03 Brazil 22,94 22,94 21,676 21,236 21,29 22,34 Canada 260,080 29,080 22, , , ,196 China 16,88 16,88 16,027 1,803 14,832 14,122 Egypt 160, , ,490 17,20 162,92 164,401 European Union 43,0 43,0 42,900 40,170 40,40 37,600 India 17,720 17,720 1,620 13,820 12,020 11,320 Iran 17,062 17,01 17,24 17,27 16,874 17,70 Japan 48,190 48,490 46,89 44,71 42,17 40,93 Mexico 19,10 19,10 19,30 16,641 18,776 14,668 Nigeria 32,800 33,200 32,22 29,71 31,139 28,219 Russia 14,60 1,10 13,0 14,10 11,90 11,411 Saudi Arabia 13,18 14,018 13,093 14,093 13,023 13,414 Turkey 13,400 13,600 12,900 12,200 9,400 8,200 Vietnam 2,411 26,606 26,129 20,00 21,60 244,314 Others 1,023,107 1,02,06 1,028, ,419 96, ,162 Subtotal 329, , ,43 312,97 311,339 30,044 United States 1,32,389 1,32,238 1,3,709 1,2,016 1,276,833 1,236,206 World Total Ending Stocks 7,336 7,136 6,916 3,181 4,274 3,169 Argentina 9,413 9,413 9,727 7,072 8,239 14,26 Brazil 3,87 3,990 4,9 4,667 3,334 4,648 Canada 80,074 80,9 102, ,01 101,917 82,44 China 13,89 13,182 14,68 1,448 18,88 1,6 European Union 6,34 6,34 7,114 7,174 7,134,094 Iran,216,318 6,181,889 4,832 3,487 Mexico 40,473 41,139 47,363 48,424 1,334 48,431 Others 166, , , , , ,203 Subtotal 6,42 62,128 62,212 48,112 46,948 34,313 United States 231, ,2 261,620 22, , ,16 World Total

88 Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 1,349 16,649 19,93 19,11 20,310 21,10 Central America 2,923 3,46 3,938 3,80 4,100 4,100 Caribbean 2,330 2,444 2,97 2,601 2,840 2,840 South America 13,180 13,3 13,876 1,068 14,300 14,300 European Union ,3 9,408 14,261 1,49 16, 16, Former Soviet Union Middle East 26,47 27,99 29,74 32,162 32,28 31,78 North Africa 19,21 18,230 20,873 20,19 22,2 22,2 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,166 4,119 6,160 6,861 4,260 4,260 East Asia 44,86 6,6 49,76 46,721 4,340 4,840 Southeast Asia 12,814 14,736 1,810 13,981 1,11 1,11 Others 1,819 1,872 2,941 3,04 3,171 3,176 Total 19, , , , ,46 182,726 Production North America 427, ,91 42, ,74 434, ,2 South America 133, , , , , ,612 European Union , ,670 12,687 12, ,977 10,431 Other Europe 8,992 10,927 9,271 11,328 7,337 7,337 Former Soviet Union ,89 91,821 82,1 92,187 93,149 90,849 Middle East 22,274 17,931 23,16 19,70 22,306 21,76 North Africa 11,81 10,927 12,289 9,263 10,807 10,807 Sub-Saharan Africa 101, ,183 98, , ,43 108,43 East Asia 227,42 22, ,94 230,094 22,701 22,612 South Asia 4,221 4,182 0,176 6,411 4,774 4,774 Southeast Asia 31,006 30,949 31,0 33,814 34,833 34,83 Oceania 12,794 13,283 13,236 17,408 11,996 11,996 Others 4,967 4, 4,207 4,699 4,699 4,699 Total 1,283,206 1,312,214 1,260,137 1,36,311 1,319,37 1,322,1 Domestic Consumption North America 368, , ,48 396, , ,417 South America 9,33 98,606 99, ,47 106,98 107,008 European Union , ,92 17,20 160, , ,100 Other Europe 7,803 8,347 8,61 8,968 8,047 8,047 Former Soviet Union ,361 8,273 3,440 6,027 6,994,844 Middle East 46,218 4,632 1,742 2,36 6,024,074 North Africa 28,09 30,168 32,142 31,408 33,183 33,183 Sub-Saharan Africa 100, , , , , ,181 East Asia 27, ,48 272, , ,89 294,000 South Asia 48,96 2,09 3,186 6,401 7,699 7,704 Southeast Asia 39,043 41,183 43,892 4,662 46,800 46,600 Oceania,74,846 6,429 6,429 6,111 6,111 Others 10,017 10,27 10,716 11,076 11,486 11,36 Total 1,228,07 1,260,414 1,272,911 1,328,736 1,346,789 1,346,80 Ending Stocks North America 42,448,114 8,668 73,348 71,436 74,43 South America 21,27 1,971 14,719 20,216 20,09 20,10 European Union ,6 18,88 1,448 14,68 13,182 13,89 Other Europe 818 1, , Former Soviet Union ,399 7,916 6,249 6,744 6,019,824 Middle East 11,820 12,620 14,307 13,408 11,730 11,630 North Africa,638,349,866 3,920 4,09 4,09 Sub-Saharan Africa 9,33 12,16 9,020 10,206 8,748 8,748 East Asia 86,6 10, , ,76 84,84 84,128 South Asia 4,02,187 3,16 4,283 2,879 2,879 Southeast Asia 4,324 4,166 4,700 3,461 3,446 3,134 Oceania 1,119 1,639 1,94 2,03 1,04 1,040 Others ,074 1,069 Total 211,16 246,897 22, , ,2 231,782 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

89 World Corn Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports 27,000 27,000 23,00 21,678 18,448 12,846 Argentina 36,000 36,000 19,764 3,382 21,909 22,041 Brazil 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,000 1,20 1,100 Burma 1,300 1,300 1,38 1, ,939 Canada 1,00 1,00 2,000 1,949 4,027 2,404 European Union 1,300 1,300 1,300 1, Mexico 2,00 2,00 1,900 2,662 3,012 2,714 Paraguay,00,00,00 4,691 3,213 4,194 Russia 1,900 1,900 2, ,104 South Africa 20,00 21,00 21,300 16,9 19,661 20,004 Ukraine 4,21 4,21 6,269,666 8,114 10,292 Others 102,91 103,91 86,281 93,70 81,9 80,139 Subtotal 48,00 47,000,3 1,16 46,831 0,691 United States 11,41 10,91 141, , , ,830 World Total TY Imports 4,700 4,700 4,000 4,329 4,116 4,16 Algeria 1,100 1,100 1,10 1, Bangladesh 1, , Canada 2,000 2,000 1,600 1,39 1,16 1,46 Chile 3,000 3,000 2,464 3,174,16 3,277 China,000,000 4,748 4,48 4,496 4,436 Colombia 1,000 1, Cuba 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,31 1,202 1,011 Dominican Republic 10,000 10,000 9,000 8,776 7,841 8,726 Egypt 16,000 16,000 14,800 13,768 8,908 16,014 European Union 1,100 1, , Guatemala 10,000 10,000 8,00 6,600 6,100,00 Iran 1,400 1,400 1,700 1,12 1,296 1,62 Israel 1,000 1,000 1,169 1,201 14,67 1,121 Japan 1,200 1,200 1, Kenya 9,700 10,200 9,231 10,121 10,168 10,406 Korea, South 4,000 4,000 3,00 4,134 3,238 3,48 Malaysia 16,00 1,00 14,00 14,011 11,341 10,949 Mexico 2,00 2,00 2,000 2,224 1,941 2,349 Morocco 3,300 3,300 3,10 2,98 2,741 2,232 Peru 4,00 4,00 3,00 3,83 2,904 2,684 Saudi Arabia 4,00 4,00 4,200 4,66 3,810 4,179 Taiwan 1,300 1,300 1,20 1,017 1, Tunisia 1,600 1,600 1,200 1,738 2,433 2,626 Venezuela 9,00 9,00 8,00 8,600 6,700 4,300 Vietnam 1,03 14,96 20,023 19,192 18,481 17,099 Others 146,33 14,6 139, , ,832 12,862 Subtotal 3,780 4,00 1,103 6,399 2,749 4,241 Unaccounted 1,300 1,300 1,40 1, United States 11,41 10,91 141, , , ,830 World Total TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

90 World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production Argentina 26,000 29,70 29,00 41,000 42,000 42,000 Brazil 80,000 8,000 67,000 98,00 9,000 9,000 Canada 14,194 11,487 13,9 13,200 14,100 14,100 China 218,489 21, , ,4 21,000 21,000 Egypt,800,960 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 Ethiopia 6,492 7,23 6,800 6,30 6,00 6,00 European Union 64,931 7,734 8,748 61,09 9,38 9,8 India 24,29 24,170 22,70 26,260 2,000 2,000 Indonesia 9,100 9,000 10,00 10,900 11,30 11,30 Mexico 22,880 2,480 2,971 27,6 26,200 26,200 Nigeria 8,423 10,791 9,40 10,7 10,00 10,00 Philippines 7,32 7,671 6,970 8,087 8,300 8,300 Russia 11,63 11,32 13,168 1,30 1,300 1,000 South Africa 14,92 10,629 8,214 17,47 12,00 12,00 Ukraine 30,900 28,40 23,333 28,000 27,000 2,000 Others 99,27 103, ,84 99, , ,79 Subtotal 644, , ,30 689, , ,614 United States 31, ,091 34,06 384, , ,286 World Total 996,089 1,023, ,86 1,074,762 1,038,796 1,043,900 Total Consumption Argentina 8,800 9,300 9,300 11,200 12,00 12,00 Brazil,000 7,000 7,00 60,00 61,00 61,00 Canada 12,67 12,820 12,34 12,700 13,800 14,000 China 208, , ,00 232, , ,000 Egypt 13,200 13,900 14,80 1,100 1,900 1,900 European Union 76,796 77,880 73,00 73,00 74,700 74,700 India 19,600 22,30 23,0 2,000 2,800 2,800 Indonesia 11,900 12,200 12,100 12,300 12,200 12,200 Iran 6,800 7,400 8,800 10,800 13,100 13,100 Japan 1,000 14,600 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 Korea, South 9,891 10,20 10,123 9,410 10,300 9,800 Mexico 31,700 34,0 37,300 40,400 41,200 42,300 Nigeria 8,00 10,700 9,600 11,00 10,900 10,900 South Africa 11,00 11,60 10,970 13,12 11,700 11,700 Vietnam 8,200 9,400 12,200 12,900 13,600 13,400 Others 17, ,62 164, , , ,917 Subtotal 661, ,02 669, , , ,84 United States 292,98 301, ,78 313,812 31, ,769 World Total 94,8 987, ,968 1,062,611 1,064,828 1,066,623 Ending Stocks Argentina 1,408 2,898 1,461,766 6,071 6,271 Brazil 13,972 7,842 6,769 9,269 9,069 9,069 China 81, , , ,71 79,198 78,66 European Union 6,891 9,626 6,693 7,088 6,272 6,473 Iran 4,476,716 6,06 6,296,736,736 Mexico 2,603 4,090,213,78 4,778 4,678 South Africa 2,198 2,448 1,096 2,996 2,196 2,196 Others 30,018 32,478 32,247 30,80 28,19 27,87 Subtotal 142,889 16,70 170, , ,1 140,67 United States 31,292 43,974 44,123 8,29 9,441 63,18 World Total 174, ,44 214, ,83 200,96 203,860

91 Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 12,34 13,686 16,742 16,777 17,600 18,800 Central America 2,922 3,46 3,938 3,80 4,100 4,100 South America 12,02 12,042 12,462 13,642 12,870 12,870 European Union ,014 8,908 13,768 14,800 16,000 16,000 Former Soviet Union Middle East 13,672 1,147 14,896 18,271 20,000 20,000 North Africa 17,036 1,624 16,927 16,90 19,300 19,300 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,491 3,326,411 6,001 3,380 3,380 East Asia 33,07 34,198 33,186 31,134 32,70 32,20 Southeast Asia 12,768 14,722 1,79 13,966 1,100 1,100 Caribbean 2,330 2,444 2,97 2,99 2,840 2,840 Others 1,468 1,88 2,379 2,332 2,4 2,0 Total 126,89 12, , , ,86 147,63 Production North America 388, ,08 38,036 42,43 403, ,86 South America 118, ,72 110, , , ,181 European Union ,931 7,734 8,748 61,09 9,38 9,8 Other Europe 7,297 9,132 7,427 9,407,484,484 Former Soviet Union ,034 43,91 39,872 47,299 46,0 44,20 Middle East 8,763 7,78 9,213 8,87 9,128 9,128 North Africa,919 6,08 6,096 6,130 6,201 6,201 Sub-Saharan Africa 64,99 67,271 60,982 69,293 67,769 67,769 East Asia 220,82 217,99 226, , ,39 217,29 South Asia 34,100 34,100 32,861 37,063 36,286 36,286 Central America 3,817 3,416 3,124 3,80 3,600 3,600 Southeast Asia 30,724 30,6 31,2 33,24 34,43 34,293 Others 1,321 1,43 1,280 1,360 1,278 1,278 Total 996,089 1,023, ,86 1,074,762 1,038,796 1,043,900 Domestic Consumption North America 337, , , , , ,069 South America 84,206 87,426 88,171 91,908 9,3 9,40 European Union ,796 77,880 73,00 73,00 74,700 74,700 Other Europe,897 6,297 6,622 6,920,99,99 Former Soviet Union ,7 20,807 19,32 20,084 20,010 19,160 Middle East 20,19 21,749 23,1 26,09 29,480 29,480 North Africa 20,800 22,100 22,990 23,420 2,200 2,200 Sub-Saharan Africa 63,399 67,80 66,127 69,42 69,332 69,332 East Asia 239,18 233, , , ,20 271,60 South Asia 29,782 32,773 3,141 37,191 38,8 38,90 Southeast Asia 38,74 40,849 43,84 4,360 46,00 46,300 Central America 6,600 6,710 7,030 7,30 7,90 7,90 Others 3,81 3,984 3,909 3,937 4,06 4,11 Total 948, , ,632 1,03,703 1,09,926 1,061,86 Ending Stocks North America 3,49 49,466 1,79 6,91 66,212 69,741 South America 19,028 13,813 12,334 18,267 18,309 18,408 European Union ,891 9,626 6,693 7,088 6,272 6,473 Other Europe , Former Soviet Union ,684 3,164 2,93 3,143 2,63 2,418 Middle East,971 7,03 7,49 7,61 7,114 7,114 North Africa 3,110 3,196 2,979 2,664 2,9 2,9 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,361 9,3 7,0 8,222 7,129 7,129 East Asia 84, , , ,9 82,867 82,404 South Asia 2,937 3,834 2,444 3,133 2,104 2,104 Southeast Asia 4,318 4,160 4,694 3,461 3,446 3,134 Central America Others Total 174, ,44 214, ,83 200,96 203,860 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

92 World Barley Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina 2,829 1,99 2,836 2,700 1,700 1,700 Australia 6,261,266,401 9,193,800,800 Canada 1,714 1,386 1,146 1,770 1,300 1,00 European Union 4,926 10,642 8,603,400 6,200 6,200 Kazakhstan Moldova Russia 2,791,807 3,73 3,0 4,00 4,800 Turkey Ukraine 3,827 4,332 4,673,00 4,600 4,600 Uruguay Others Subtotal 23,86 29,803 27,384 29,43 2,080 2,80 United States World Total 23,922 30,094 27,4 29,78 2,210 2,710 TY Imports Algeria Belarus Brazil China 4,891 9,89,869 8,104,00 6,00 Colombia Egypt European Union India Iran 1,100 1,900 1,700 1,400 1,300 1,300 Israel Japan 1,294 1,097 1,14 1,197 1,100 1,100 Jordan Kuwait Libya 681 1,001 1,324 1,42 1,300 1,300 Mexico Morocco Saudi Arabia 8,00 8,200 10,400 9,00 9,000 8,00 Syria Tunisia United Arab Emirates Others 1,739 1,709 1,191 1,787 1,006 1,006 Subtotal 23,029 28,403 28,07 29,487 24,686 2,186 Unaccounted 370 1, United States World Total 23,922 30,094 27,4 29,78 2,210 2,710 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

93 World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 2,70 2,70 3,300 4,940 2,900 4,70 Argentina 8,000 8,000 13,414 8,993 8,646 9,174 Australia 1,900 1,900 1,23 1,849 1,988 1,674 Belarus 7,20 7,20 8,800 8,226 7,119 10,237 Canada 2,100 2,100 2,000 1,870 1,810 1,700 China 2,070 2,070 2,00 1,90 1,93 1,908 Ethiopia 8,963 8,76 9,8 62,09 60,609 9,674 European Union 1,740 1,740 1,900 1,613 1,831 1,72 India 3,100 3,100 3,000 3,000 3,200 2,800 Iran 1,32 1,27 1,0 1,0 1, Iraq 2,700 2,700 3,231 2,67 2,412 2,39 Kazakhstan 2,000 2, ,400 1,638 2,723 Morocco 20,00 20,00 17,47 17,083 20,026 1,389 Russia 6,400 7,000 4,70 7,400 4,000 7,300 Turkey 8,700 8,700 9,900 8,71 9,40 7,61 Ukraine 9,072 9,061 9,608 9,49 9,179 9,49 Others 138,70 138, , , , ,84 Subtotal 3,090 3,090 4,33 4,70 3,93 4,719 United States 141, , , , , ,303 World Total Total Consumption 1,80 1,80 2,00 2,10 2,00 2,00 Algeria 3,000 3,000 3,00 3,300 3,000 2,800 Australia 2,000 2,000 1,400 1,80 2,000 1,800 Belarus 6,700 6,900 6,78 6,968 6,471 7,718 Canada 8,900 7,900 9,800 7,900 11,600 6,300 China 2,07 2,07 2,02 1,990 1,97 1,92 Ethiopia 3,600 3,600,000 1,37 0,937 3,400 European Union 2,00 2,00 2,100 1,20 1,400 1,200 India 4,600 4,600 4,800,000 4,600 4,00 Iran 2,200 2,200 2,20 2,000 2,000 1,900 Kazakhstan 2,40 2,40 2,200 3,30 2,638 2,300 Morocco 1,400 1,700 14,700 13,700 14,100 12,700 Russia 9,82 10,32 9,2 10,22 8,2 8,62 Saudi Arabia,900 6,400,600 6,900,30 6,90 Turkey 4,400 4,400 4,900 4,300,00,100 Ukraine 17,698 17,637 18,611 18,8 16,766 17,029 Others 142, , , , , ,133 Subtotal 4,290 4,094 4,37 4,408 4,23 4,77 United States 147, , , ,81 142, ,908 World Total Ending Stocks ,313 1,304 1,178 Algeria 1,11 1,11 2,01 1,443 1,217 1,90 Canada,207,07,644 6,060,834,621 European Union 1,203 1, , Russia 2,729 2,729 4,044 4,09 3,074 3,389 Saudi Arabia Turkey ,263 1,609 1,6 2,071 Ukraine 4,81 4,838 6,933 8,024 7,81 7,200 Others 17,1 17,480 22,012 24,210 22,663 23,188 Subtotal 1,334 1,30 2,316 2,223 1,711 1,791 United States 18,849 19,010 24,328 26,433 24,374 24,979 World Total

94 Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America South America 886 1,169 1,17 1,342 1,1 1,1 European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East 12,37 12,400 14,800 13,816 12,22 11,72 North Africa 2,432 2,81 3,914 3,17 3,200 3,200 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 6,320 11,080 7,136 9,406 6,710 7,710 South Asia Oceania Total 23,2 28,833 28,427 29,704 2,036 2,36 Production North America 1,0 11,918 13,711 14,131 11,07 11,07 South America,743 3,794,924 4,66 4,021 4,021 European Union ,674 60,609 62,09 9,8 8,76 8,963 Other Europe 1,228 1,241 1,28 1,333 1,286 1,286 Former Soviet Union ,14 3,637 32,633 34,136 3,88 3,88 Middle East 12,043 8,63 12,8 9,72 11,78 11,23 North Africa 4,739 3,913,27 2,203 3,676 3,676 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,349 2,423 2,482 2,604 2,3 2,3 East Asia 1,991 2,134 2,18 2,297 2,398 2,409 South Asia 2,261 2,340 2,116 2,432 2,262 2,262 Oceania 9,80 9,02 9,430 13,79 8,340 8,340 Total 144, , , , , ,660 Domestic Consumption North America 13,243 11,6 12,301 12,110 11,894 11,890 South America 3,28 3,403 3,603 3,494 3,49 3,49 European Union ,400 0,937 1,37,000 3,600 3,600 Other Europe 1,334 1,414 1,373 1,404 1,387 1,387 Former Soviet Union ,460 2,24 24,012 2,24 26,18 26,218 Middle East 24,410 22,187 26,77 24,391 2,086 24,136 North Africa 6,282 7,120 8,203 7,032 7,028 7,028 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,43 2,471 2,9 2,663 2,700 2,700 East Asia 8,009 13,162 9,481 11,43 9,47 10,486 South Asia 1,713 1,923 2,03 2,668 2,638 2,638 Oceania 3,240 3,40 3,70 3,900 3,360 3,360 Total 141, ,147 14,21 149, , ,938 Ending Stocks North America 3,974 3,326 4,02 4,746 2,99 2,799 South America , European Union - 28,621,834 6,060,644,07,207 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,670 3,72 2,966 2,81 2,646 2,63 Middle East,781,08 6,77,803 4,77 4,477 North Africa 2,0 2,10 2,838 1,202 1,00 1,00 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 1,038 1, , South Asia Oceania 747 1,173 1,11 1, Total 24,979 24,374 26,433 24,328 19,010 18,849 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

95 World Sorghum Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Argentina Australia 408 1, China Ethiopia India Nigeria Ukraine Others Subtotal 2,033 3,316 1,911 1, 1,60 1,60 United States,714 9,269 7,871 6,090,40,40 World Total 7,747 12,8 9,782 7,64 7,100 7,100 TY Imports Chile China 4,161 10,162 8,284,209,000,000 Colombia European Union Japan 1, Kenya Mexico South Africa South Sudan Sudan Others Subtotal 6,742 12,096 10,962 7,438 6,980 6,980 Unaccounted 1, , United States World Total 7,747 12,8 9,782 7,64 7,100 7,100 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

96 World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production 3,00 3,00 3,400 3,37 3,00 4,400 Argentina 1,900 1,900 1,017 1,791 2,209 1,282 Australia 1,600 1,600 1,701 1,080 2,0 1,890 Brazil 1,800 1,800 1,680 1,436 1,708 1,880 Burkina 1,10 1,10 1,10 1,10 1,10 1,260 Cameroon 1,100 1,100 1,460 1, Chad 3,80 3,80 3,800 2,70 2,88 2,892 China 3,76 3,76 3,600 3,900 4,339 3,829 Ethiopia 4,00 4,00 4,70 4,238,44,42 India 1,300 1,300 1,394 1,27 1, Mali 4,600 6,000 4,700,87 6,270 8,00 Mexico 1,700 1,700 1,808 1,877 1,426 1,320 Niger 6,0 6,0 6,887,664 6,741,300 Nigeria 4,00 4,00,864 2,388 6,281 4,24 Sudan Tanzania 7,383 7,383 7,011 7,400 8,131 7,491 Others 49,998 1,398 0,842 46,249,217 2,62 Subtotal 9,033 9,28 12,199 1,18 10,988 9,966 United States 9,031 60,66 63,041 61,407 66,20 62,28 World Total Total Consumption 2,900 2,900 3,100 2,900 2,800 2,700 Argentina 1,00 1, Australia 1,60 1,60 1,600 1,10 2,000 2,000 Brazil 1,760 1,760 1,640 1,46 1,700 1,900 Burkina 1,10 1,10 1,180 1,17 1,17 1,27 Cameroon 1,160 1,160 1,470 1, Chad 8,900 8,900 8,800 11,000 12,900 6,800 China 3,800 3,800 3,70 4,100 4,100 3,900 Ethiopia 4,00 4,00 4,00 4,600,100,200 India 1,30 1,30 1,394 1,27 1, Mali 4,800 6,200,30 6,300 6,600 8,300 Mexico 1,80 1,80 1,900 1,820 1,40 1,300 Niger 6,40 6,40 6,787,64 6,691,28 Nigeria , South Sudan 4,800 4,800,814 3,100 6,000 4,600 Sudan 8,632 8,632 8,170 8,848 9,473 9,028 Others,71 7,11 7,046 6,088 63,46 6,882 Subtotal 4,064 4,06 6,210 6,187 2,49 4,130 United States 9,81 61,216 63,26 62,27 66,00 61,012 World Total Ending Stocks ,202 Argentina Australia China Ethiopia Mexico Nigeria Sudan 1,22 1,233 1,19 1,461 2,061 1,668 Others 3,82 3,82 4,271 4,408,738,142 Subtotal United States 4,339 4,63,123,338 6,206 6,006 World Total

97 Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America South America European Union Other Europe Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia,281 11,142 9,011,82,60,60 Southeast Asia Others Total 6,74 12,123 11,060 7,482 6,980 6,980 Production North America 18,466 17,28 20,74 16,899 1,28 13,633 Central America Caribbean South America 7,468 6,967,730 6,01 6,222 6,222 European Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 23,748 28,122 23,208 27,778 2,93 2,93 East Asia 2,89 2,887 2,72 3,802 3,82 3,82 South Asia,661,48 4,383 4,700 4,630 4,630 Southeast Asia Oceania 1,282 2,209 1,791 1,017 1,900 1,900 Others Total 62,28 66,20 61,407 63,041 60,66 9,031 Domestic Consumption North America 12,430 9,09 12,487 11,60 10,26 8,864 Central America Caribbean South America 6,062 6,362,40,729,866,866 European Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 24,183 27,71 24,383 28,208 26,813 26,813 East Asia 7,91 13,882 11,733 9,419 9,07 9,07 South Asia,334,23 4,96 4,646 4,680 4,680 Southeast Asia Oceania ,00 1,00 Others Total 9,936 66,133 62,741 63,030 61,012 9,611 Ending Stocks North America 1, ,216 1, Central America South America 1,48 1,310 1,188 1,106 1,070 1,062 European Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 1,61 2,278 1,600 1,71 1,236 1,236 East Asia South Asia Oceania Others Total 6,006 6,206,338,123 4,63 4,339 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

98 World Oats Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Australia Canada 1,732 1,729 1,666 1,6 1,800 1,800 Chile European Union Kazakhstan Russia Ukraine Others Subtotal 2,367 2,378 2,203 2,376 2,380 2,380 United States World Total 2,396 2,403 2,239 2,420 2,410 2,410 TY Imports Algeria Bosnia and Herzegovina Canada China Colombia Ecuador European Union Japan Mexico Norway Russia Serbia South Africa Switzerland Turkey Others Subtotal Unaccounted United States 1,866 1,768 1,32 1,39 1,700 1,700 World Total 2,396 2,403 2,239 2,420 2,410 2,410 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

99 World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production Algeria Argentina 1,00 1,00 1,873 1,300 1,198 1,2 Australia Belarus Brazil 3,700 3,700 3,19 3,428 2,979 3,906 Canada Chile China 8,002 7,960 8,034 7,4 7,821 8,380 European Union Kazakhstan Mexico Norway 4,900 4,900 4,70 4,27,267 4,932 Russia Turkey Ukraine Others 22,176 22,134 22,64 21,103 21,162 22,221 Subtotal ,300 1, United States 22,893 22,81 23,94 22,403 22,181 23,19 World Total Total Consumption Algeria Argentina 1,00 1,00 1,200 1, Australia Belarus Brazil 1,900 1,900 1,814 1,61 1,681 1,660 Canada Chile China 7,800 7,800 8,000 7,400 7,730 8,07 European Union Kazakhstan Mexico Norway 4,900 4,900 4,800 4,600,200 4,900 Russia Turkey Ukraine Others 20,81 20,81 21,148 19,479 19,78 19,90 Subtotal 2,712 2,712 2,39 2,702 2,447 2,77 United States 23,27 23,27 23,687 22,181 22,232 22,662 World Total Ending Stocks Argentina Australia ,04 Canada Chile European Union Russia Ukraine Others 1,999 1,976 2,333 2,333 2,1 2,627 Subtotal United States 2,430 2,407 3,064 3,17 2,93 2,986 World Total

100 Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America 1,986 1,866 1,620 1,677 1,810 1,810 South America European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 2,307 2,246 2,01 2,202 2,2 2,2 Production North America 4,93 4,091 4,813 4,207 4,07 4,07 South America 1,478 1,32 1,910 2,372 2,069 2,069 European Union ,380 7,821 7,4 8,034 7,960 8,002 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,062 6,631,767,981 6,176 6,176 Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 9 East Asia Oceania 1,283 1,233 1,329 1,910 1,08 1,08 Total 23,19 22,181 22,403 23,94 22,81 22,893 Domestic Consumption North America 4,602 4,303 4,07 4,48 4,802 4,802 South America 1,447 1,28 1,86 2,233 2,123 2,123 European Union ,07 7,730 7,400 8,000 7,800 7,800 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,031 6,31,801,930 6,131 6,131 Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania ,04 1,23 1,08 1,08 Total 22,442 22,23 22,02 23,447 23,397 23,397 Ending Stocks North America 1,417 1,49 1,78 1,42 1,13 1,13 South America European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 2,986 2,93 3,17 3,064 2,407 2,430 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

101 World Rye Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Exports Belarus Canada European Union Russia Ukraine Others Subtotal United States World Total TY Imports European Union Israel Japan Korea, South 8 4 Norway Russia Switzerland Others Subtotal Unaccounted United States World Total TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

102 World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov Production Argentina Belarus Canada European Union 10,11 8,864 7,833 7,491 7,1 7,80 Russia 3,360 3,279 2,084 2,38 2,00 2,00 Turkey Ukraine Others Subtotal 1,67 14,27 11,879 12,09 12,206 12,23 United States World Total 1,761 14,48 12,174 12,401 12,42 12,481 Total Consumption Argentina Australia Belarus Canada European Union 9,60 8,600 8,02 7,700 7,600 7,600 Kazakhstan Norway Russia 3,100 3,20 2,10 2,400 2,400 2,400 Turkey Ukraine Others Subtotal 14,81 13,973 12,163 11,97 12,088 12,088 United States World Total 1,239 14,379 12,678 12,46 12,3 12,3 Ending Stocks Belarus Canada European Union 1,204 1,386 1, Kazakhstan Russia Turkey Ukraine Others Subtotal 1,914 1,98 1,484 1,423 1,372 1,372 United States World Total 1,921 2,000 1,496 1,441 1,387 1,387

103 Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2013/ /1 201/ /17 Oct Nov TY Imports North America South America European Union Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total Production North America South America European Union ,11 8,864 7,833 7,491 7,1 7,80 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,689 4,682 3,268 3,620 3,780 3,780 Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 1,761 14,48 12,174 12,401 12,42 12,481 Domestic Consumption North America South America European Union ,60 8,600 8,02 7,700 7,600 7,600 Other Europe Former Soviet Union ,46 4,640 3,407 3,13 3,69 3,69 Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 1,244 14,374 12,69 12,472 12,23 12,23 Ending Stocks North America South America European Union ,204 1,386 1, Other Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia Oceania Total 1,921 2,000 1,496 1,441 1,387 1,387 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

104 F AS / G & F D HISTORICAL DATA SERIES FOR SELECTED REGIONS AND COUNTRIES CONTENTS European Union: Grain Supply and Demand China: Grain Supply and Demand Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters... 4 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters... 0 U.S. Grains: Supply and Distribution Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand... 2 World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand... 3 World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand... 4 World Rice: Supply and Demand... 37

105 European Union: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Wheat and Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / /

106 China: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Wheat and Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / /

107 Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / / Wheat and Coarse Grains 2006/ / / / / / / / / / /

108 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Productio n Imports Exports Feed Dom. Domestic Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat 2011/ / / / / / Coarse Grains 2011/ / / / / /

109 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Wheat) Millions of Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Former Soviet Union - 12 Kazakhstan 2014/ / / Russia 2014/ / / Ukraine 2014/ / / Uzbekistan 2014/ / / Other Former Soviet Union / / / Total Former Soviet Union / / /

110 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Barley) Millions of Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Former Soviet Union - 12 Kazakhstan 2014/ / / Russia 2014/ / / Ukraine 2014/ / / Uzbekistan 2014/ / / Other Former Soviet Union / / / Total Former Soviet Union / / /

111 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Corn) Millions of Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Former Soviet Union - 12 Kazakhstan 2014/ / / Russia 2014/ / / Ukraine 2014/ / / Uzbekistan 2014/ / / Other Former Soviet Union / / / Total Former Soviet Union / / /

112 Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Wheat Competitors Argentina 2013/ / / / Australia 2013/ / / / Canada 2013/ / / / European Union 2013/ / / / Kazakhstan 2013/ / / / Russia 2013/ / / /

113 Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued) Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Ukraine 2013/ / / / Total Wheat Competitors 2013/ / / /

114 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Argentina 2009/ / / / / / / / Brazil 2009/ / / / / / / / China 2009/ / / / / / / / South Africa 2009/ / / / / /

115 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued) Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks 201/ / Total Corn Competitors 2009/ / / / / / / /

116 Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Australia 2009/ / / / / / / / Canada 2009/ / / / / / / / European Union 2009/ / / / / / / /

117 Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters Million Metric Tons/Hectares Country Mktg Year Area Harvested Yield Productio n MY Imports MY Exports Feed and Residual Total Consumpti Ending Stocks Argentina 2009/ / / / / / / / Australia 2009/ / / / / / / /

118 U.S. Grains Supply and Distribution: Wheat, Corn, Sorghum, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Rice Thousand Metric Tons/Hectares Area Harvested Yield Rough Production Production Imports TY Imports Exports TY Exports Feed Dom. Consumption Domestic Consumption Ending Stocks Wheat 201/16 19,149 3 nr 6,117 3,068 3,04 21,168 21,811 4,06 31,942 26,2 2016/17 17,746 4 nr 62,833 3,21 3,297 28,716 29,488 4,27 31,71 32,133 1,211 3 nr 47,371 4,082 4,100 27,216 26,00 3,266 30,917 2,43 Corn 201/16 32, nr 34,06 1,716 1,782 48,288 1,16 129, ,78 44, /17 3, nr 384,778 1,448 1,40 8,242,3 138,77 313,812 8,29 33, nr 370,286 1,270 1,300 48,897 48,00 141, ,769 63,18 Sorghum 201/16 3,177 nr 1, ,626 7,871 2,707 6, /17 2,494 nr 12, ,111 6,090 3,289 6, ,043 4 nr 9, ,334,40 1,24 4, Barley 201/16 1,278 4 nr 4, ,408 2, /17 1,038 4 nr 4, ,37 2, nr 3, ,290 1,334 Oats 201/ nr 1,300 1,47 1, ,91 2, / nr 940 1,6 1, ,434 2, nr 717 1,724 1, ,79 2, Rye 201/ nr / nr nr Rice, Milled 201/16 1, ,761 6, ,396 3,373 nr 3,80 1, /17 1, ,167 7, ,704 3,00 nr 4,171 1, ,091, ,302 3,40 nr 3,62 90 Notes: Wheat Trade Year (TY) statistics are on July/June years. Barley, corn, sorghum, rye and oats Trade Year (TY) statistics are on Oct/Sept years. Rice Trade Year (TY) statistics are for the subsequent calendar year; 'Imports' and 'Exports' columns contain data on the local marketing year: wheat, barley, oats and rye are June/May; corn and sorghum are Sept/Aug; rice is Aug/July.

119 Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Productio TY Feed Domestic Ending Harvested n Exports Dom. Consumpti Stocks Wheat and Coarse Grains 1988/ , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , , , Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 197/76. From 1976/77 to the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.

120 World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Productio TY Feed Domestic Ending Harvested n Exports Dom. Consumpti Stocks Wheat 199/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Coarse Grains 199/ / / / / / / / / / , / / , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , / , , , , Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 197/76. From 1976/77 to the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.

121 World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Productio TY Feed Domestic Ending Harvested n Exports Dom. Consumpti Stocks Corn 199/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / , / / , , , , Barley 199/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Notes: Coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 197/76. From 1976/77 to the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.

122 World Rice: Supply and Demand Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares Area Yield Rough Productio TY Domestic Ending Harvested Productio n Exports Consumpti Stocks Rice, Milled 1988/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Notes: Stocks, exports and consumption are expressed on a milled basis in marketing years.

123 ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States. Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S. South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela. EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland. Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa. East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan. South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives. Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea. Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 6 November 2017

124 OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2016/17 starts in 2016); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2016/17 starts in 2017). Key exporter LMY s are: Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) China (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Russia (Jul/Jun) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Jun/May) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) Russia(Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May) For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website ( Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union (Croatia plus the former EU-27) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-1 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-1 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains. Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 7 November 2017

125 Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database. The Global Commodity Analysis Division,, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington, DC 2020, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) Note: The previous report in this series was Grain: World Markets and Trade October For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production November This circular is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: Questions may be directed to the following staff: Andrew Sowell (202) Wheat Shelbi Knisley (202) Wheat Rachel Trego (202) Rice/Wheat Tiffany Landry (202) Rice Yoonhee Macke (202) Coarse Grains Graham Soley (202) Coarse Grains Olutayo Akingbe (202) Coarse Grains Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 8 November 2017

126 United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service November 2017 Olive Oil Export Forecast Rises with Slight Growth in Production Million Metric Tons Olive Oil Prices Remain High with Slight Growth in Prodcution Nov-13 Nov-14 Nov-1 Nov-16 Nov-17 USD/Ton Production Consumption Spanish Extra Virgin Price Thousand Metric Tons Non-EU Olive Oil Exporters to the United States Tunisia Morocco Argentina Chile Turkey Global olive oil production in is forecast to rise to 2.7 million tons, recovering slightly from last year. However, reports of unfavorable growing conditions in the European Union indicate production will be lower than previously forecast. Spain, the world s largest producer of olive oil, is expecting a lower crop, down 10 percent year-over-year due to poor rainfall. This is likely to be offset by growth in other producers. Portugal is forecast to achieve record production as trees that were planted in 2004 are now bearing fruit. Italy is forecast to produce 320,000 tons of olive oil, with end of September rains occurring in Puglia, the main producing region, ensuring a high-quality product. Tunisia is forecast to have above-average production with good rainfall in September, and Turkey is likely to see production growth with young trees starting to bear fruit. Global stocks are likely to tighten further, reaching their lowest level in the past years, as global consumption remains strong and continues to closely follow output levels. Prices have climbed steadily from June 2016 to May 2017, after a major decline in late 201, and have stabilized over the last few months. Even with higher production, tightening of stocks has helped push prices back to early 201 levels. Olive oil is a premium product and demand is expected to remain strong despite higher prices stemming from lower stocks and smaller- thananticipated production. In global exports are expected to increase almost percent. Despite limited production growth, the European Union is projected to maintain its exports at a relatively high level, yet below last year. The European Union is likely to lower its consumption of olive oil, replacing it with more sunflowerseed and rapeseed oils. The United States will continue to be the largest importer of olive oil, and the second-largest consumer. Although the European Union is the United States largest supplier, lower EU production, may force U.S. imports to be sourced from other countries such as Tunisia and Turkey. Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board/USDA

127 China s Population Growth, Economic Prosperity, and Changing Consumption Patterns Drive Soybean Imports Higher Million Metric Tons China Soybean Production, Import, and Crush 2007/ / / / / / / /1 201/ /17 Production Import Crush Global soybean consumption in is projected to grow over 4 percent, primarily driven by China. Soybean consumption is forecast to rise nearly 8 percent in China, as imports surge to a record 97.0 million tons. Growing population, rapid urbanization, rising incomes, and improving living standards have spurred China s meat and fish consumption, creating strong demand for protein feeds and edible oils. Rising feed production, combined with increasing high-protein ingredients in feed rations have been driving soybean imports upward for the last decade. USDA forecasts that soybean crush for feed will continue to grow, supporting the almost percent growth in hog production. However, China is not only the world s largest livestock and protein feed producer, but also a major player in the vegetable oil market. Supported by strong economic growth over the last decade, the demand for edible oils has also been very robust. Over the same period, China s edible oil consumption grew by more than 0 percent. Additionally, continuing urbanization and rising incomes have significantly altered the vegetable oil market as consumers preference has been shifting towards premium oils (socalled golden oils). Currently, soybean oil accounts for half of the total edible vegetable oil consumption, while laurics including palm oil, dropped to only 8 percent. As new trends develop and as consumers shift their preferences, there has been a stronger demand for other golden oils as well (rapeseed, peanut, sunflower, and cottonseed), which will replace palm oil in diets. Historically, the Chinese crush sector has been expanding almost entirely on imported soybeans, with much of the domestic crop used for food consumption (such as tofu) or purchased by the State Reserve Bureau. Since arable land in China is a constraint, the government had made a