Science 10: Monday, Oct Intro to chapter 2: Amazing chemical reactions video 2. Chemical reactions review 3. Lesson on chemical reactions

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1 Outline: Science 10: Monday, Oct Intro to chapter 2: Amazing chemical reactions video 2. Chemical reactions review 3. Lesson on chemical reactions

3 Which reaction was your favorite? What kinds of things did you observe? What did all the chemical reactions have in common?

4 3.1 Important Examples of Chemical Reactions Reactants are the substances that react to produce new substances, so this is what you start with. Products are substances formed from the reaction, so this is what you end with. The properties of the reactants and products are completely different. We use chemical reactions in our daily lives. Examples?

Example: burning Endothermic refers to a reaction in which there is absorption of energy

5 Energy Changes Exothermic refers to a reaction in which there is a release of energy including: heat, light, electricity energy is written on the product side of reaction Example: burning Endothermic refers to a reaction in which there is absorption of energy including heat, light, electricity energy is written on the reactant side of reaction Example: cold pack

6 Biochemical Reactions 1) Photosynthesis is a process in which plants are using sunlight in order to create food. It is an endothermic reaction. 2) Cellular respiration is a process in which food energy from is converted into an energy source that can be used. It is an exothermic reaction. What do you notice about these two reactions when compared to one another?

7 Characteristics of a Chemical Reaction 1) Change of properties 2) Change in energy a) Exothermic b) Endothermic 3) Formation of gas (bubbles) or solid (precipitate) 4) Law of Conservation of Mass which refers to the fact that mass is never lost.

8 Science 10: March 10th Outline: 1. Review game 2. Writing chemical equations

9 3.2 Writing Chemical Equations Chemical equations use chemical symbols and formulas in order to represent an equation. The general equation is as follows: Reactant > Product If you have multiple reactants and products you separate each reactant and each product with a "plus" sign. reactant 1 + reactant 2 > product 1 + product 2 You read it as follows: reactant 1 reacts with reactant 2 to produce product 1 and product 2.

10 Write a sentence for the following word equation: oxygen + glucose > carbon dioxide + water + energy Write the word equation from the following sentence: carbonic acid and calcium carbonate produce calcium hydrogen carbonate

11 Practice: Write the word equation for photosynthesis Carbon dioxide, water, and energy react to produce glucose and oxygen

12 Make a Mind Map! Use the following words to create a mind map showing the relationship among the terms. Be sure to include a short description of how terms are related. Chemical reaction Endothermic Exothermic Reactants Products Word equation Formula Equation Law of Conservation of Mass Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

14 Science 10: March 11th Outline: 1. Lesson on balancing equations 2. Balancing equations with candy! 3. Balancing equations worksheet

15 Formula Equations Formula equations use the chemical formulas of reactants and products to represent a chemical equation. Write the formula equation for the following, make sure to include states. iron(ii) chloride + oxygen > iron(ii) oxide + chlorine iron(iii) nitrate + sodium phosphate > sodium nitrate + iron(iii) phosphate

17 Write a Guide to Balancing Chemical Reactions 1) Use an index card 2) On one side, write out steps to balancing chemical reactions IN YOUR OWN WORDS (5 marks) 3) On other side, write an example of balancing an equation. Show all the steps (5 marks) Total: 10 marks

18 Science 10: March 12th Outline: 1. Review balancing equations 2. Formation, decomposition, and combustion reactions lesson, demos, and practice You will need: Dry erase marker Eraser (2 per table) Chapter 3 notes Pen or pencil Get these, then CLEAR OFF YOUR DESKS!

19 1. KClO 3 KCl + O 2 2. Fe 2 O 3 + CO = Fe + CO 2

20 Rules for Writing Formation and Decomposition Balanced Equations: When writing balanced formula equations from word equations, always ensure that: a) All reactants and products are written in their proper form (ie all elements are written as they appear in nature eg. Cl 2, P 4, Br 2 etc. and all compounds are written according to the rules outlined in chapter 2) b) All states are included. Assume all formation reactions are NOT done in water therefore; i.) all elements are written in their natural state as outlined by the periodic table. ii) all ionic compound are (solids) iii) molecular substance can be (s), (l), (g). or (?) depending on the information given. c) All reactions are balanced with the same number of each atom exists on each side of the equation.

21 Formation Reactions This occurs when two elements combine to form a compound. They are also known synthesis or simple composition. of chemical reactions General Equation: ELEMENT + ELEMENT > COMPOUND A + B > AB hqw5a5d5ae

22 Examples: 1)Aluminum burns in bromine producing aluminum bromide. 2) N 2 + H 2 > NH 3 3) copper + bromine > 4) aluminum + oxygen > 5) K(s) + S 8 (s) > 6) hydrogen + oxygen >

23 Decomposition Reactions This occurs when a compound is broken down into its elements. of chemical reactions General Equation: Complex Substance > Simpler Substances Generally used in Science 10: Compound > Element + Element AB > A + B

24 Examples: 1. iron(iii) chloride > iron + chlorine 2. Ag 3 P(s) > 3. iron(iii)nitride > 4. > strontium + iodine 5. calcium sulfide > 6. Ga 2 O 3 (s) > 7. AgNO 3 (s) >

Chemical Reactions. Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time

Chemical Reactions. Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time Food cooking Fuel being burned in a car s engine Oxygen being used in the human body The starting materials are called reactants The ending materials